Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach
Polar regions are among the most extreme habitats on Earth. However, diatom biodiversity in those regions is much more extensive and ecologically diverse than previously thought. The objective of this study was to add knowledge to benthic diatom biodiversity in Western Antarctic coastal zones via id...
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ftfuberlin:oai:refubium.fu-berlin.de:fub188/41875 2024-01-14T10:01:26+01:00 Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach Schimani, Katherina Abarca Mejia, Nelida de la Cruz Skibbe, Oliver Mohamad, Heba Jahn, Regine Kusber, Wolf-Henning Campana, Gabriela Laura Zimmermann, Jonas 2023 46 Seiten application/pdf https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/41875 https://doi.org/10.17169/refubium-41596 https://doi.org/10.3897/mbmg.7.110194 eng eng https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/41875 http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-41596 95696 doi:10.3897/mbmg.7.110194 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Antarctic Peninsula benthic diatoms DNA metabarcoding morphology rbcL taxonomic reference library unialgal cultures 18SV4 ddc:570 doc-type:article 2023 ftfuberlin https://doi.org/10.17169/refubium-4159610.3897/mbmg.7.110194 2023-12-17T23:26:02Z Polar regions are among the most extreme habitats on Earth. However, diatom biodiversity in those regions is much more extensive and ecologically diverse than previously thought. The objective of this study was to add knowledge to benthic diatom biodiversity in Western Antarctic coastal zones via identification by means of morphology, DNA metabarcoding and cultured isolates. In addition, a taxonomically validated reference library for Antarctic benthic diatoms was established with comprehensive information on habitat, morphology and DNA barcodes (rbcL and 18SV4). Benthic samples from marine, brackish and freshwater habitats were taken at the Antarctic Peninsula. A total of 162 clonal cultures were established, resulting in the identification of 60 taxa. The combination of total morphological richness of 174 taxa, including the clones, with an additional 73 taxa just assigned by metabarcoding resulted in 247 infrageneric taxa. Of those taxa, 33 were retrieved by all three methods and 111 only by morphology. The barcode reference library of Antarctic species with the new references obtained through culturing allowed the assignment of 47 taxa in the metabarcoding analyses, which would have been left unassigned because no matching reference sequences were available before. Non–metric multidimensional scaling analyses of morphological as well as molecular data showed a clear separation of diatom communities according to water and substratum types. Many species, especially marine taxa, still have no record in reference databases. This highlights the need for a more comprehensive reference library to further improve routine diatom metabarcoding. Overall, a combination of morphological and molecular methods, along with culturing, provides complementary information on the biodiversity of benthic diatoms in the region. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Freie Universität Berlin: Refubium (FU Berlin) Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Freie Universität Berlin: Refubium (FU Berlin) |
op_collection_id |
ftfuberlin |
language |
English |
topic |
Antarctic Peninsula benthic diatoms DNA metabarcoding morphology rbcL taxonomic reference library unialgal cultures 18SV4 ddc:570 |
spellingShingle |
Antarctic Peninsula benthic diatoms DNA metabarcoding morphology rbcL taxonomic reference library unialgal cultures 18SV4 ddc:570 Schimani, Katherina Abarca Mejia, Nelida de la Cruz Skibbe, Oliver Mohamad, Heba Jahn, Regine Kusber, Wolf-Henning Campana, Gabriela Laura Zimmermann, Jonas Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach |
topic_facet |
Antarctic Peninsula benthic diatoms DNA metabarcoding morphology rbcL taxonomic reference library unialgal cultures 18SV4 ddc:570 |
description |
Polar regions are among the most extreme habitats on Earth. However, diatom biodiversity in those regions is much more extensive and ecologically diverse than previously thought. The objective of this study was to add knowledge to benthic diatom biodiversity in Western Antarctic coastal zones via identification by means of morphology, DNA metabarcoding and cultured isolates. In addition, a taxonomically validated reference library for Antarctic benthic diatoms was established with comprehensive information on habitat, morphology and DNA barcodes (rbcL and 18SV4). Benthic samples from marine, brackish and freshwater habitats were taken at the Antarctic Peninsula. A total of 162 clonal cultures were established, resulting in the identification of 60 taxa. The combination of total morphological richness of 174 taxa, including the clones, with an additional 73 taxa just assigned by metabarcoding resulted in 247 infrageneric taxa. Of those taxa, 33 were retrieved by all three methods and 111 only by morphology. The barcode reference library of Antarctic species with the new references obtained through culturing allowed the assignment of 47 taxa in the metabarcoding analyses, which would have been left unassigned because no matching reference sequences were available before. Non–metric multidimensional scaling analyses of morphological as well as molecular data showed a clear separation of diatom communities according to water and substratum types. Many species, especially marine taxa, still have no record in reference databases. This highlights the need for a more comprehensive reference library to further improve routine diatom metabarcoding. Overall, a combination of morphological and molecular methods, along with culturing, provides complementary information on the biodiversity of benthic diatoms in the region. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schimani, Katherina Abarca Mejia, Nelida de la Cruz Skibbe, Oliver Mohamad, Heba Jahn, Regine Kusber, Wolf-Henning Campana, Gabriela Laura Zimmermann, Jonas |
author_facet |
Schimani, Katherina Abarca Mejia, Nelida de la Cruz Skibbe, Oliver Mohamad, Heba Jahn, Regine Kusber, Wolf-Henning Campana, Gabriela Laura Zimmermann, Jonas |
author_sort |
Schimani, Katherina |
title |
Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach |
title_short |
Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach |
title_full |
Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach |
title_fullStr |
Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach |
title_full_unstemmed |
Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach |
title_sort |
exploring benthic diatom diversity in the west antarctic peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/41875 https://doi.org/10.17169/refubium-41596 https://doi.org/10.3897/mbmg.7.110194 |
geographic |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula |
op_relation |
https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/41875 http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-41596 95696 doi:10.3897/mbmg.7.110194 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.17169/refubium-4159610.3897/mbmg.7.110194 |
_version_ |
1788067207181238272 |