Lipid degradation and photosynthetic traits after prolonged darkness in four Antarctic benthic diatoms, including the newly described species Planothidium wetzelii sp. nov.
In polar regions, the microphytobenthos has important ecological functions in shallow-water habitats, such as on top of coastal sediments. This community is dominated by benthic diatoms, which contribute significantly to primary production and biogeochemical cycling while also being an important com...
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ftfuberlin:oai:refubium.fu-berlin.de:fub188/40871 2023-10-09T21:47:04+02:00 Lipid degradation and photosynthetic traits after prolonged darkness in four Antarctic benthic diatoms, including the newly described species Planothidium wetzelii sp. nov. Juchem, Desirée P. Schimani, Katherina Holzinger, Andreas Permann, Charlotte Abarca, Nélida Skibbe, Oliver Zimmermann, Jonas Graeve, Martin Karsten, Ulf 2023 21 Seiten application/pdf https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/40871 https://doi.org/10.17169/refubium-40592 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1241826 eng eng https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/40871 http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-40592 doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1241826 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Antarctica benthic diatoms photosynthesis polar night lipid consumption plastid degradation ddc:570 doc-type:article 2023 ftfuberlin https://doi.org/10.17169/refubium-4059210.3389/fmicb.2023.1241826 2023-09-17T22:26:01Z In polar regions, the microphytobenthos has important ecological functions in shallow-water habitats, such as on top of coastal sediments. This community is dominated by benthic diatoms, which contribute significantly to primary production and biogeochemical cycling while also being an important component of polar food webs. Polar diatoms are able to cope with markedly changing light conditions and prolonged periods of darkness during the polar night in Antarctica. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, five strains of Antarctic benthic diatoms were isolated in the field, and the resulting unialgal cultures were identified as four distinct species, of which one is described as a new species, Planothidium wetzelii sp. nov. All four species were thoroughly examined using physiological, cell biological, and biochemical methods over a fully controlled dark period of 3 months. The results showed that the utilization of storage lipids is one of the key mechanisms in Antarctic benthic diatoms to survive the polar night, although different fatty acids were involved in the investigated taxa. In all tested species, the storage lipid content declined significantly, along with an ultrastructurally observable degradation of the chloroplasts. Surprisingly, photosynthetic performance did not change significantly despite chloroplasts decreasing in thylakoid membranes and an increased number of plastoglobules. Thus, a combination of biochemical and cell biological mechanisms allows Antarctic benthic diatoms to survive the polar night. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica polar night Freie Universität Berlin: Refubium (FU Berlin) Antarctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Freie Universität Berlin: Refubium (FU Berlin) |
op_collection_id |
ftfuberlin |
language |
English |
topic |
Antarctica benthic diatoms photosynthesis polar night lipid consumption plastid degradation ddc:570 |
spellingShingle |
Antarctica benthic diatoms photosynthesis polar night lipid consumption plastid degradation ddc:570 Juchem, Desirée P. Schimani, Katherina Holzinger, Andreas Permann, Charlotte Abarca, Nélida Skibbe, Oliver Zimmermann, Jonas Graeve, Martin Karsten, Ulf Lipid degradation and photosynthetic traits after prolonged darkness in four Antarctic benthic diatoms, including the newly described species Planothidium wetzelii sp. nov. |
topic_facet |
Antarctica benthic diatoms photosynthesis polar night lipid consumption plastid degradation ddc:570 |
description |
In polar regions, the microphytobenthos has important ecological functions in shallow-water habitats, such as on top of coastal sediments. This community is dominated by benthic diatoms, which contribute significantly to primary production and biogeochemical cycling while also being an important component of polar food webs. Polar diatoms are able to cope with markedly changing light conditions and prolonged periods of darkness during the polar night in Antarctica. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, five strains of Antarctic benthic diatoms were isolated in the field, and the resulting unialgal cultures were identified as four distinct species, of which one is described as a new species, Planothidium wetzelii sp. nov. All four species were thoroughly examined using physiological, cell biological, and biochemical methods over a fully controlled dark period of 3 months. The results showed that the utilization of storage lipids is one of the key mechanisms in Antarctic benthic diatoms to survive the polar night, although different fatty acids were involved in the investigated taxa. In all tested species, the storage lipid content declined significantly, along with an ultrastructurally observable degradation of the chloroplasts. Surprisingly, photosynthetic performance did not change significantly despite chloroplasts decreasing in thylakoid membranes and an increased number of plastoglobules. Thus, a combination of biochemical and cell biological mechanisms allows Antarctic benthic diatoms to survive the polar night. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Juchem, Desirée P. Schimani, Katherina Holzinger, Andreas Permann, Charlotte Abarca, Nélida Skibbe, Oliver Zimmermann, Jonas Graeve, Martin Karsten, Ulf |
author_facet |
Juchem, Desirée P. Schimani, Katherina Holzinger, Andreas Permann, Charlotte Abarca, Nélida Skibbe, Oliver Zimmermann, Jonas Graeve, Martin Karsten, Ulf |
author_sort |
Juchem, Desirée P. |
title |
Lipid degradation and photosynthetic traits after prolonged darkness in four Antarctic benthic diatoms, including the newly described species Planothidium wetzelii sp. nov. |
title_short |
Lipid degradation and photosynthetic traits after prolonged darkness in four Antarctic benthic diatoms, including the newly described species Planothidium wetzelii sp. nov. |
title_full |
Lipid degradation and photosynthetic traits after prolonged darkness in four Antarctic benthic diatoms, including the newly described species Planothidium wetzelii sp. nov. |
title_fullStr |
Lipid degradation and photosynthetic traits after prolonged darkness in four Antarctic benthic diatoms, including the newly described species Planothidium wetzelii sp. nov. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Lipid degradation and photosynthetic traits after prolonged darkness in four Antarctic benthic diatoms, including the newly described species Planothidium wetzelii sp. nov. |
title_sort |
lipid degradation and photosynthetic traits after prolonged darkness in four antarctic benthic diatoms, including the newly described species planothidium wetzelii sp. nov. |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/40871 https://doi.org/10.17169/refubium-40592 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1241826 |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica polar night |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica polar night |
op_relation |
https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/40871 http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-40592 doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1241826 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.17169/refubium-4059210.3389/fmicb.2023.1241826 |
_version_ |
1779309804256231424 |