Image_4_The Brain Anatomy of the Brown Bear (Carnivora, Ursus arctos L., 1758) Compared to That of Other Carnivorans: A Cross-Sectional Study Using MRI.TIF
In this study, we aimed to provide a neuroanatomy atlas derived from cross-sectional and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the encephalon of the brown bear (Ursus arctos). A postmortem brain analysis using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI – 1,5T; a high-resolution submillimeter three-dimensional T1...
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ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/9747563 2023-05-15T18:41:49+02:00 Image_4_The Brain Anatomy of the Brown Bear (Carnivora, Ursus arctos L., 1758) Compared to That of Other Carnivorans: A Cross-Sectional Study Using MRI.TIF Tomasz Sienkiewicz Agnieszka Sergiel Djuro Huber Robert Maślak Marcin Wrzosek Przemysław Podgórski Slaven Reljić Łukasz Paśko 2019-08-29T14:40:20Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2019.00079.s004 https://figshare.com/articles/Image_4_The_Brain_Anatomy_of_the_Brown_Bear_Carnivora_Ursus_arctos_L_1758_Compared_to_That_of_Other_Carnivorans_A_Cross-Sectional_Study_Using_MRI_TIF/9747563 unknown doi:10.3389/fnana.2019.00079.s004 https://figshare.com/articles/Image_4_The_Brain_Anatomy_of_the_Brown_Bear_Carnivora_Ursus_arctos_L_1758_Compared_to_That_of_Other_Carnivorans_A_Cross-Sectional_Study_Using_MRI_TIF/9747563 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Anatomy Neuroscience Cellular Nervous System Central Nervous System comparative neuroanatomy ursids brain imaging brown bear (Ursus arctos) Carnivora Image Figure 2019 ftfrontimediafig https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2019.00079.s004 2019-09-04T23:00:17Z In this study, we aimed to provide a neuroanatomy atlas derived from cross-sectional and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the encephalon of the brown bear (Ursus arctos). A postmortem brain analysis using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI – 1,5T; a high-resolution submillimeter three-dimensional T1-3D FFE) and cross-sectional macroscopic anatomy methods revealed major embryological and anatomical subdivisions of the encephalon, including the ventricular system. Most of the internal structures were comparably identifiable in both methods. The tractus olfactorius medialis, corpus subthalamicum, brachium colliculi rostralis, fasciculus longitudinalis medialis, nuclei vestibulares, velum medullare rostrale, nucleus fastigii, fasciculi cuneatus et gracilis were identified entirely by cross-sectional macroscopic analysis. However, the glandula pinealis, lemniscus lateralis and nuclei rhaphe were visualized only with MRI. Gross neuroanatomic analysis provided information about sulci and gyri of the cerebral hemispheres, components of the vermis and cerebellar hemispheres, and relative size and morphology of constituents of the rhinencephalon and cerebellum constituents. Similarities and discrepancies in identification of structures provided by both methods, as well as hallmarks of the structures facilitating identification using these methods are discussed. Finally, we compare the brown bear encephalon with other carnivores and discuss most of the identified structures compared to those of the domestic dog, the domestic cat, Ursidae and Mustelidae families and Pinnipedia clade. Still Image Ursus arctos Frontiers: Figshare |
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Frontiers: Figshare |
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Anatomy Neuroscience Cellular Nervous System Central Nervous System comparative neuroanatomy ursids brain imaging brown bear (Ursus arctos) Carnivora |
spellingShingle |
Anatomy Neuroscience Cellular Nervous System Central Nervous System comparative neuroanatomy ursids brain imaging brown bear (Ursus arctos) Carnivora Tomasz Sienkiewicz Agnieszka Sergiel Djuro Huber Robert Maślak Marcin Wrzosek Przemysław Podgórski Slaven Reljić Łukasz Paśko Image_4_The Brain Anatomy of the Brown Bear (Carnivora, Ursus arctos L., 1758) Compared to That of Other Carnivorans: A Cross-Sectional Study Using MRI.TIF |
topic_facet |
Anatomy Neuroscience Cellular Nervous System Central Nervous System comparative neuroanatomy ursids brain imaging brown bear (Ursus arctos) Carnivora |
description |
In this study, we aimed to provide a neuroanatomy atlas derived from cross-sectional and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the encephalon of the brown bear (Ursus arctos). A postmortem brain analysis using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI – 1,5T; a high-resolution submillimeter three-dimensional T1-3D FFE) and cross-sectional macroscopic anatomy methods revealed major embryological and anatomical subdivisions of the encephalon, including the ventricular system. Most of the internal structures were comparably identifiable in both methods. The tractus olfactorius medialis, corpus subthalamicum, brachium colliculi rostralis, fasciculus longitudinalis medialis, nuclei vestibulares, velum medullare rostrale, nucleus fastigii, fasciculi cuneatus et gracilis were identified entirely by cross-sectional macroscopic analysis. However, the glandula pinealis, lemniscus lateralis and nuclei rhaphe were visualized only with MRI. Gross neuroanatomic analysis provided information about sulci and gyri of the cerebral hemispheres, components of the vermis and cerebellar hemispheres, and relative size and morphology of constituents of the rhinencephalon and cerebellum constituents. Similarities and discrepancies in identification of structures provided by both methods, as well as hallmarks of the structures facilitating identification using these methods are discussed. Finally, we compare the brown bear encephalon with other carnivores and discuss most of the identified structures compared to those of the domestic dog, the domestic cat, Ursidae and Mustelidae families and Pinnipedia clade. |
format |
Still Image |
author |
Tomasz Sienkiewicz Agnieszka Sergiel Djuro Huber Robert Maślak Marcin Wrzosek Przemysław Podgórski Slaven Reljić Łukasz Paśko |
author_facet |
Tomasz Sienkiewicz Agnieszka Sergiel Djuro Huber Robert Maślak Marcin Wrzosek Przemysław Podgórski Slaven Reljić Łukasz Paśko |
author_sort |
Tomasz Sienkiewicz |
title |
Image_4_The Brain Anatomy of the Brown Bear (Carnivora, Ursus arctos L., 1758) Compared to That of Other Carnivorans: A Cross-Sectional Study Using MRI.TIF |
title_short |
Image_4_The Brain Anatomy of the Brown Bear (Carnivora, Ursus arctos L., 1758) Compared to That of Other Carnivorans: A Cross-Sectional Study Using MRI.TIF |
title_full |
Image_4_The Brain Anatomy of the Brown Bear (Carnivora, Ursus arctos L., 1758) Compared to That of Other Carnivorans: A Cross-Sectional Study Using MRI.TIF |
title_fullStr |
Image_4_The Brain Anatomy of the Brown Bear (Carnivora, Ursus arctos L., 1758) Compared to That of Other Carnivorans: A Cross-Sectional Study Using MRI.TIF |
title_full_unstemmed |
Image_4_The Brain Anatomy of the Brown Bear (Carnivora, Ursus arctos L., 1758) Compared to That of Other Carnivorans: A Cross-Sectional Study Using MRI.TIF |
title_sort |
image_4_the brain anatomy of the brown bear (carnivora, ursus arctos l., 1758) compared to that of other carnivorans: a cross-sectional study using mri.tif |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2019.00079.s004 https://figshare.com/articles/Image_4_The_Brain_Anatomy_of_the_Brown_Bear_Carnivora_Ursus_arctos_L_1758_Compared_to_That_of_Other_Carnivorans_A_Cross-Sectional_Study_Using_MRI_TIF/9747563 |
genre |
Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Ursus arctos |
op_relation |
doi:10.3389/fnana.2019.00079.s004 https://figshare.com/articles/Image_4_The_Brain_Anatomy_of_the_Brown_Bear_Carnivora_Ursus_arctos_L_1758_Compared_to_That_of_Other_Carnivorans_A_Cross-Sectional_Study_Using_MRI_TIF/9747563 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2019.00079.s004 |
_version_ |
1766231365038112768 |