Video_1_Doctor Drone: Non-invasive Measurement of Humpback Whale Vital Signs Using Unoccupied Aerial System Infrared Thermography.mp4
Measuring and monitoring the behavior and biomedical condition of free-ranging whales remains a fundamental challenge in cetacean science and conservation. Advances in unoccupied aerial systems (UAS) and infrared thermography (IRT) create unprecedented opportunities to fill these knowledge gaps and...
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ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/9163544 2023-05-15T16:35:54+02:00 Video_1_Doctor Drone: Non-invasive Measurement of Humpback Whale Vital Signs Using Unoccupied Aerial System Infrared Thermography.mp4 Travis W. Horton Nan Hauser Shannon Cassel K. Frederika Klaus Ticiana Fettermann Nicholas Key 2019-07-30T04:26:58Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00466.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/Video_1_Doctor_Drone_Non-invasive_Measurement_of_Humpback_Whale_Vital_Signs_Using_Unoccupied_Aerial_System_Infrared_Thermography_mp4/9163544 unknown doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00466.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/Video_1_Doctor_Drone_Non-invasive_Measurement_of_Humpback_Whale_Vital_Signs_Using_Unoccupied_Aerial_System_Infrared_Thermography_mp4/9163544 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering drone humpback whale infrared behavior vital signs Dataset Media 2019 ftfrontimediafig https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00466.s002 2019-08-07T23:01:23Z Measuring and monitoring the behavior and biomedical condition of free-ranging whales remains a fundamental challenge in cetacean science and conservation. Advances in unoccupied aerial systems (UAS) and infrared thermography (IRT) create unprecedented opportunities to fill these knowledge gaps and advance our understanding of how cetaceans interact with the environment. Here, we show that non-invasive UAS-IRT systems, deployed from shore-based positions in a humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) calving ground, can be used to document rarely observed whale behaviors and to quantify biomedical vital signs, including blowhole and dorsal fin skin temperature, respiration rate, and heart rate. Our findings demonstrate: (1) prolonged (>3 h) logging behavior by a mother-calf pair located ∼550 m offshore; (2) that the calf’s respiration rate (∼3 breaths per minute) was six times higher than its mother’s (∼0.5 breaths per minute); (3) that the calf’s blowholes were ∼1.55°C warmer than adjacent ocean water and that the mother’s blowholes were ∼2.16°C warmer than adjacent ocean water; (4) that the mother’s dorsal fin included four infrared (IR) hot-spots, each separated by ∼20 cm in horizontal distance, that ranged between 1 and 2°C warmer than adjacent ocean water; (5) a significant (p <<0.05; wavelet analysis) temporal cyclicity in the hottest of the mother’s dorsal fin hot-spots consistent with cardiovascular blood flow pumped at an apneic heart rate of ∼9.3 beats per minute. Despite these novel results, there remain several key limitations to UAS-IRT, including its: sensitivity to environmental conditions and animal behavior; equipment costs and associated risks; potential regulatory restrictions; time-intensive nature of IR data processing; factors that can impact data quality, such as imaging angle and sensor accuracy. Future opportunities created by the UAS-IRT results we report center on the potential to couple non-invasive behavioral and physiological monitoring tools, quantify cetacean response to ... Dataset Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae Frontiers: Figshare |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Frontiers: Figshare |
op_collection_id |
ftfrontimediafig |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering drone humpback whale infrared behavior vital signs |
spellingShingle |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering drone humpback whale infrared behavior vital signs Travis W. Horton Nan Hauser Shannon Cassel K. Frederika Klaus Ticiana Fettermann Nicholas Key Video_1_Doctor Drone: Non-invasive Measurement of Humpback Whale Vital Signs Using Unoccupied Aerial System Infrared Thermography.mp4 |
topic_facet |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering drone humpback whale infrared behavior vital signs |
description |
Measuring and monitoring the behavior and biomedical condition of free-ranging whales remains a fundamental challenge in cetacean science and conservation. Advances in unoccupied aerial systems (UAS) and infrared thermography (IRT) create unprecedented opportunities to fill these knowledge gaps and advance our understanding of how cetaceans interact with the environment. Here, we show that non-invasive UAS-IRT systems, deployed from shore-based positions in a humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) calving ground, can be used to document rarely observed whale behaviors and to quantify biomedical vital signs, including blowhole and dorsal fin skin temperature, respiration rate, and heart rate. Our findings demonstrate: (1) prolonged (>3 h) logging behavior by a mother-calf pair located ∼550 m offshore; (2) that the calf’s respiration rate (∼3 breaths per minute) was six times higher than its mother’s (∼0.5 breaths per minute); (3) that the calf’s blowholes were ∼1.55°C warmer than adjacent ocean water and that the mother’s blowholes were ∼2.16°C warmer than adjacent ocean water; (4) that the mother’s dorsal fin included four infrared (IR) hot-spots, each separated by ∼20 cm in horizontal distance, that ranged between 1 and 2°C warmer than adjacent ocean water; (5) a significant (p <<0.05; wavelet analysis) temporal cyclicity in the hottest of the mother’s dorsal fin hot-spots consistent with cardiovascular blood flow pumped at an apneic heart rate of ∼9.3 beats per minute. Despite these novel results, there remain several key limitations to UAS-IRT, including its: sensitivity to environmental conditions and animal behavior; equipment costs and associated risks; potential regulatory restrictions; time-intensive nature of IR data processing; factors that can impact data quality, such as imaging angle and sensor accuracy. Future opportunities created by the UAS-IRT results we report center on the potential to couple non-invasive behavioral and physiological monitoring tools, quantify cetacean response to ... |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Travis W. Horton Nan Hauser Shannon Cassel K. Frederika Klaus Ticiana Fettermann Nicholas Key |
author_facet |
Travis W. Horton Nan Hauser Shannon Cassel K. Frederika Klaus Ticiana Fettermann Nicholas Key |
author_sort |
Travis W. Horton |
title |
Video_1_Doctor Drone: Non-invasive Measurement of Humpback Whale Vital Signs Using Unoccupied Aerial System Infrared Thermography.mp4 |
title_short |
Video_1_Doctor Drone: Non-invasive Measurement of Humpback Whale Vital Signs Using Unoccupied Aerial System Infrared Thermography.mp4 |
title_full |
Video_1_Doctor Drone: Non-invasive Measurement of Humpback Whale Vital Signs Using Unoccupied Aerial System Infrared Thermography.mp4 |
title_fullStr |
Video_1_Doctor Drone: Non-invasive Measurement of Humpback Whale Vital Signs Using Unoccupied Aerial System Infrared Thermography.mp4 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Video_1_Doctor Drone: Non-invasive Measurement of Humpback Whale Vital Signs Using Unoccupied Aerial System Infrared Thermography.mp4 |
title_sort |
video_1_doctor drone: non-invasive measurement of humpback whale vital signs using unoccupied aerial system infrared thermography.mp4 |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00466.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/Video_1_Doctor_Drone_Non-invasive_Measurement_of_Humpback_Whale_Vital_Signs_Using_Unoccupied_Aerial_System_Infrared_Thermography_mp4/9163544 |
genre |
Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae |
genre_facet |
Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae |
op_relation |
doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00466.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/Video_1_Doctor_Drone_Non-invasive_Measurement_of_Humpback_Whale_Vital_Signs_Using_Unoccupied_Aerial_System_Infrared_Thermography_mp4/9163544 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00466.s002 |
_version_ |
1766026214846234624 |