Data_Sheet_1_Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: Observed Transport and Variability.pdf
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) extends from the Southern Ocean to the northern North Atlantic, transporting heat northwards throughout the South and North Atlantic, and sinking carbon and nutrients into the deep ocean. Climate models indicate that changes to the AMOC both her...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00260.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/Data_Sheet_1_Atlantic_Meridional_Overturning_Circulation_Observed_Transport_and_Variability_pdf/8242862 |
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ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/8242862 2023-05-15T17:31:31+02:00 Data_Sheet_1_Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: Observed Transport and Variability.pdf Eleanor Frajka-Williams Isabelle J. Ansorge Johanna Baehr Harry L. Bryden Maria Paz Chidichimo Stuart A. Cunningham Gokhan Danabasoglu Shenfu Dong Kathleen A. Donohue Shane Elipot Patrick Heimbach N. Penny Holliday Rebecca Hummels Laura C. Jackson Johannes Karstensen Matthias Lankhorst Isabela A. Le Bras M. Susan Lozier Elaine L. McDonagh Christopher S. Meinen Herlé Mercier Bengamin I. Moat Renellys C. Perez Christopher G. Piecuch Monika Rhein Meric A. Srokosz Kevin E. Trenberth Sheldon Bacon Gael Forget Gustavo Goni Dagmar Kieke Jannes Koelling Tarron Lamont Gerard D. McCarthy Christian Mertens Uwe Send David A. Smeed Sabrina Speich Marcel van den Berg Denis Volkov Chris Wilson 2019-06-07T14:40:53Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00260.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/Data_Sheet_1_Atlantic_Meridional_Overturning_Circulation_Observed_Transport_and_Variability_pdf/8242862 unknown doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00260.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/Data_Sheet_1_Atlantic_Meridional_Overturning_Circulation_Observed_Transport_and_Variability_pdf/8242862 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering meridional overturning circulation thermohaline circulation observing systems ocean heat transport carbon storage moorings circulation variability Dataset 2019 ftfrontimediafig https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00260.s001 2019-06-12T22:58:51Z The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) extends from the Southern Ocean to the northern North Atlantic, transporting heat northwards throughout the South and North Atlantic, and sinking carbon and nutrients into the deep ocean. Climate models indicate that changes to the AMOC both herald and drive climate shifts. Intensive trans-basin AMOC observational systems have been put in place to continuously monitor meridional volume transport variability, and in some cases, heat, freshwater and carbon transport. These observational programs have been used to diagnose the magnitude and origins of transport variability, and to investigate impacts of variability on essential climate variables such as sea surface temperature, ocean heat content and coastal sea level. AMOC observing approaches vary between the different systems, ranging from trans-basin arrays (OSNAP, RAPID 26°N, 11°S, SAMBA 34.5°S) to arrays concentrating on western boundaries (e.g., RAPID WAVE, MOVE 16°N). In this paper, we outline the different approaches (aims, strengths and limitations) and summarize the key results to date. We also discuss alternate approaches for capturing AMOC variability including direct estimates (e.g., using sea level, bottom pressure, and hydrography from autonomous profiling floats), indirect estimates applying budgetary approaches, state estimates or ocean reanalyses, and proxies. Based on the existing observations and their results, and the potential of new observational and formal synthesis approaches, we make suggestions as to how to evaluate a comprehensive, future-proof observational network of the AMOC to deepen our understanding of the AMOC and its role in global climate. Dataset North Atlantic Southern Ocean Frontiers: Figshare Southern Ocean |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Frontiers: Figshare |
op_collection_id |
ftfrontimediafig |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering meridional overturning circulation thermohaline circulation observing systems ocean heat transport carbon storage moorings circulation variability |
spellingShingle |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering meridional overturning circulation thermohaline circulation observing systems ocean heat transport carbon storage moorings circulation variability Eleanor Frajka-Williams Isabelle J. Ansorge Johanna Baehr Harry L. Bryden Maria Paz Chidichimo Stuart A. Cunningham Gokhan Danabasoglu Shenfu Dong Kathleen A. Donohue Shane Elipot Patrick Heimbach N. Penny Holliday Rebecca Hummels Laura C. Jackson Johannes Karstensen Matthias Lankhorst Isabela A. Le Bras M. Susan Lozier Elaine L. McDonagh Christopher S. Meinen Herlé Mercier Bengamin I. Moat Renellys C. Perez Christopher G. Piecuch Monika Rhein Meric A. Srokosz Kevin E. Trenberth Sheldon Bacon Gael Forget Gustavo Goni Dagmar Kieke Jannes Koelling Tarron Lamont Gerard D. McCarthy Christian Mertens Uwe Send David A. Smeed Sabrina Speich Marcel van den Berg Denis Volkov Chris Wilson Data_Sheet_1_Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: Observed Transport and Variability.pdf |
topic_facet |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering meridional overturning circulation thermohaline circulation observing systems ocean heat transport carbon storage moorings circulation variability |
description |
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) extends from the Southern Ocean to the northern North Atlantic, transporting heat northwards throughout the South and North Atlantic, and sinking carbon and nutrients into the deep ocean. Climate models indicate that changes to the AMOC both herald and drive climate shifts. Intensive trans-basin AMOC observational systems have been put in place to continuously monitor meridional volume transport variability, and in some cases, heat, freshwater and carbon transport. These observational programs have been used to diagnose the magnitude and origins of transport variability, and to investigate impacts of variability on essential climate variables such as sea surface temperature, ocean heat content and coastal sea level. AMOC observing approaches vary between the different systems, ranging from trans-basin arrays (OSNAP, RAPID 26°N, 11°S, SAMBA 34.5°S) to arrays concentrating on western boundaries (e.g., RAPID WAVE, MOVE 16°N). In this paper, we outline the different approaches (aims, strengths and limitations) and summarize the key results to date. We also discuss alternate approaches for capturing AMOC variability including direct estimates (e.g., using sea level, bottom pressure, and hydrography from autonomous profiling floats), indirect estimates applying budgetary approaches, state estimates or ocean reanalyses, and proxies. Based on the existing observations and their results, and the potential of new observational and formal synthesis approaches, we make suggestions as to how to evaluate a comprehensive, future-proof observational network of the AMOC to deepen our understanding of the AMOC and its role in global climate. |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Eleanor Frajka-Williams Isabelle J. Ansorge Johanna Baehr Harry L. Bryden Maria Paz Chidichimo Stuart A. Cunningham Gokhan Danabasoglu Shenfu Dong Kathleen A. Donohue Shane Elipot Patrick Heimbach N. Penny Holliday Rebecca Hummels Laura C. Jackson Johannes Karstensen Matthias Lankhorst Isabela A. Le Bras M. Susan Lozier Elaine L. McDonagh Christopher S. Meinen Herlé Mercier Bengamin I. Moat Renellys C. Perez Christopher G. Piecuch Monika Rhein Meric A. Srokosz Kevin E. Trenberth Sheldon Bacon Gael Forget Gustavo Goni Dagmar Kieke Jannes Koelling Tarron Lamont Gerard D. McCarthy Christian Mertens Uwe Send David A. Smeed Sabrina Speich Marcel van den Berg Denis Volkov Chris Wilson |
author_facet |
Eleanor Frajka-Williams Isabelle J. Ansorge Johanna Baehr Harry L. Bryden Maria Paz Chidichimo Stuart A. Cunningham Gokhan Danabasoglu Shenfu Dong Kathleen A. Donohue Shane Elipot Patrick Heimbach N. Penny Holliday Rebecca Hummels Laura C. Jackson Johannes Karstensen Matthias Lankhorst Isabela A. Le Bras M. Susan Lozier Elaine L. McDonagh Christopher S. Meinen Herlé Mercier Bengamin I. Moat Renellys C. Perez Christopher G. Piecuch Monika Rhein Meric A. Srokosz Kevin E. Trenberth Sheldon Bacon Gael Forget Gustavo Goni Dagmar Kieke Jannes Koelling Tarron Lamont Gerard D. McCarthy Christian Mertens Uwe Send David A. Smeed Sabrina Speich Marcel van den Berg Denis Volkov Chris Wilson |
author_sort |
Eleanor Frajka-Williams |
title |
Data_Sheet_1_Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: Observed Transport and Variability.pdf |
title_short |
Data_Sheet_1_Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: Observed Transport and Variability.pdf |
title_full |
Data_Sheet_1_Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: Observed Transport and Variability.pdf |
title_fullStr |
Data_Sheet_1_Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: Observed Transport and Variability.pdf |
title_full_unstemmed |
Data_Sheet_1_Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: Observed Transport and Variability.pdf |
title_sort |
data_sheet_1_atlantic meridional overturning circulation: observed transport and variability.pdf |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00260.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/Data_Sheet_1_Atlantic_Meridional_Overturning_Circulation_Observed_Transport_and_Variability_pdf/8242862 |
geographic |
Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean |
genre |
North Atlantic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00260.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/Data_Sheet_1_Atlantic_Meridional_Overturning_Circulation_Observed_Transport_and_Variability_pdf/8242862 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00260.s001 |
_version_ |
1766129157890113536 |