Image_1_Infectious Disease Outbreak Associated With Supplementary Feeding of Semi-domesticated Reindeer.TIF
Supplementary winter feeding of semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) has become more common in Sweden and Norway due to reindeer pasture fragmentation and climatic conditions. With increased corralling and feeding, often associated with animal stress, increased animal-to-animal co...
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ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/8010161 2023-05-15T18:04:25+02:00 Image_1_Infectious Disease Outbreak Associated With Supplementary Feeding of Semi-domesticated Reindeer.TIF Morten Tryland Ingebjørg H. Nymo Javier Sánchez Romano Torill Mørk Jörn Klein Ulrika Rockström 2019-04-18T04:35:54Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00126.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/Image_1_Infectious_Disease_Outbreak_Associated_With_Supplementary_Feeding_of_Semi-domesticated_Reindeer_TIF/8010161 unknown doi:10.3389/fvets.2019.00126.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/Image_1_Infectious_Disease_Outbreak_Associated_With_Supplementary_Feeding_of_Semi-domesticated_Reindeer_TIF/8010161 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Animal Systematics and Taxonomy Animal Physiology - Biophysics Animal Physiology - Cell Animal Physiology - Systems Animal Behaviour Animal Cell and Molecular Biology Animal Developmental and Reproductive Biology Animal Immunology Animal Neurobiology Animal Physiological Ecology Animal Structure and Function Veterinary Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology Veterinary Diagnosis and Diagnostics Veterinary Epidemiology Veterinary Immunology Veterinary Medicine Veterinary Microbiology (excl. Virology) Veterinary Parasitology Veterinary Pathology Veterinary Pharmacology Veterinary Surgery Veterinary Virology Veterinary Sciences not elsewhere classified alphaherpesvirus contagious ecthyma Fusobacterium parapoxvirus supplementary feeding zoonosis Image Figure 2019 ftfrontimediafig https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00126.s001 2019-04-24T22:59:28Z Supplementary winter feeding of semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) has become more common in Sweden and Norway due to reindeer pasture fragmentation and climatic conditions. With increased corralling and feeding, often associated with animal stress, increased animal-to-animal contact, and poor hygienic conditions, an altered range of health challenges and diseases may emerge. An outbreak of three different infectious diseases appeared simultaneously in a reindeer herd in Norrbotten County, Sweden. The animals were corralled and fed silage. Several animals in poor body condition stopped eating, with drool and discoloration of the hair coat around the mouth. There were large, black, necrotic lesions on the tongue and gingiva, with holes perforating the chin, indicative of oral necrobacillosis and Fusobacterium spp. infection. Simultaneously, animals were seen with proliferative lesions in the oral mucosa and on the lips, characteristic of contagious ecthyma and Orf virus infection. Furthermore, three animals had keratoconjunctivitis suggesting exposure to cervid herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) and possibly secondary bacterial infections. DNA specific for Fusobacterium necrophorum and ORFV was detected in relevant tissue samples. Antibodies against CvHV2 were detected in 10 of 13 diseased and in four of 11 apparently healthy reindeer. Nine animals were found dead or were euthanized during the outbreak. Health risk factors associated with feeding and corralling may severely impact animal welfare and the herder's economy, and may represent an underestimated cost when replacing natural grazing with feeding. Still Image Rangifer tarandus Norrbotten Frontiers: Figshare Norway |
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Open Polar |
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Frontiers: Figshare |
op_collection_id |
ftfrontimediafig |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Animal Systematics and Taxonomy Animal Physiology - Biophysics Animal Physiology - Cell Animal Physiology - Systems Animal Behaviour Animal Cell and Molecular Biology Animal Developmental and Reproductive Biology Animal Immunology Animal Neurobiology Animal Physiological Ecology Animal Structure and Function Veterinary Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology Veterinary Diagnosis and Diagnostics Veterinary Epidemiology Veterinary Immunology Veterinary Medicine Veterinary Microbiology (excl. Virology) Veterinary Parasitology Veterinary Pathology Veterinary Pharmacology Veterinary Surgery Veterinary Virology Veterinary Sciences not elsewhere classified alphaherpesvirus contagious ecthyma Fusobacterium parapoxvirus supplementary feeding zoonosis |
spellingShingle |
Animal Systematics and Taxonomy Animal Physiology - Biophysics Animal Physiology - Cell Animal Physiology - Systems Animal Behaviour Animal Cell and Molecular Biology Animal Developmental and Reproductive Biology Animal Immunology Animal Neurobiology Animal Physiological Ecology Animal Structure and Function Veterinary Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology Veterinary Diagnosis and Diagnostics Veterinary Epidemiology Veterinary Immunology Veterinary Medicine Veterinary Microbiology (excl. Virology) Veterinary Parasitology Veterinary Pathology Veterinary Pharmacology Veterinary Surgery Veterinary Virology Veterinary Sciences not elsewhere classified alphaherpesvirus contagious ecthyma Fusobacterium parapoxvirus supplementary feeding zoonosis Morten Tryland Ingebjørg H. Nymo Javier Sánchez Romano Torill Mørk Jörn Klein Ulrika Rockström Image_1_Infectious Disease Outbreak Associated With Supplementary Feeding of Semi-domesticated Reindeer.TIF |
topic_facet |
Animal Systematics and Taxonomy Animal Physiology - Biophysics Animal Physiology - Cell Animal Physiology - Systems Animal Behaviour Animal Cell and Molecular Biology Animal Developmental and Reproductive Biology Animal Immunology Animal Neurobiology Animal Physiological Ecology Animal Structure and Function Veterinary Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology Veterinary Diagnosis and Diagnostics Veterinary Epidemiology Veterinary Immunology Veterinary Medicine Veterinary Microbiology (excl. Virology) Veterinary Parasitology Veterinary Pathology Veterinary Pharmacology Veterinary Surgery Veterinary Virology Veterinary Sciences not elsewhere classified alphaherpesvirus contagious ecthyma Fusobacterium parapoxvirus supplementary feeding zoonosis |
description |
Supplementary winter feeding of semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) has become more common in Sweden and Norway due to reindeer pasture fragmentation and climatic conditions. With increased corralling and feeding, often associated with animal stress, increased animal-to-animal contact, and poor hygienic conditions, an altered range of health challenges and diseases may emerge. An outbreak of three different infectious diseases appeared simultaneously in a reindeer herd in Norrbotten County, Sweden. The animals were corralled and fed silage. Several animals in poor body condition stopped eating, with drool and discoloration of the hair coat around the mouth. There were large, black, necrotic lesions on the tongue and gingiva, with holes perforating the chin, indicative of oral necrobacillosis and Fusobacterium spp. infection. Simultaneously, animals were seen with proliferative lesions in the oral mucosa and on the lips, characteristic of contagious ecthyma and Orf virus infection. Furthermore, three animals had keratoconjunctivitis suggesting exposure to cervid herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) and possibly secondary bacterial infections. DNA specific for Fusobacterium necrophorum and ORFV was detected in relevant tissue samples. Antibodies against CvHV2 were detected in 10 of 13 diseased and in four of 11 apparently healthy reindeer. Nine animals were found dead or were euthanized during the outbreak. Health risk factors associated with feeding and corralling may severely impact animal welfare and the herder's economy, and may represent an underestimated cost when replacing natural grazing with feeding. |
format |
Still Image |
author |
Morten Tryland Ingebjørg H. Nymo Javier Sánchez Romano Torill Mørk Jörn Klein Ulrika Rockström |
author_facet |
Morten Tryland Ingebjørg H. Nymo Javier Sánchez Romano Torill Mørk Jörn Klein Ulrika Rockström |
author_sort |
Morten Tryland |
title |
Image_1_Infectious Disease Outbreak Associated With Supplementary Feeding of Semi-domesticated Reindeer.TIF |
title_short |
Image_1_Infectious Disease Outbreak Associated With Supplementary Feeding of Semi-domesticated Reindeer.TIF |
title_full |
Image_1_Infectious Disease Outbreak Associated With Supplementary Feeding of Semi-domesticated Reindeer.TIF |
title_fullStr |
Image_1_Infectious Disease Outbreak Associated With Supplementary Feeding of Semi-domesticated Reindeer.TIF |
title_full_unstemmed |
Image_1_Infectious Disease Outbreak Associated With Supplementary Feeding of Semi-domesticated Reindeer.TIF |
title_sort |
image_1_infectious disease outbreak associated with supplementary feeding of semi-domesticated reindeer.tif |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00126.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/Image_1_Infectious_Disease_Outbreak_Associated_With_Supplementary_Feeding_of_Semi-domesticated_Reindeer_TIF/8010161 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Rangifer tarandus Norrbotten |
genre_facet |
Rangifer tarandus Norrbotten |
op_relation |
doi:10.3389/fvets.2019.00126.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/Image_1_Infectious_Disease_Outbreak_Associated_With_Supplementary_Feeding_of_Semi-domesticated_Reindeer_TIF/8010161 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00126.s001 |
_version_ |
1766175786743627776 |