Table_1_Elevated Temperature Does Not Substantially Modify the Interactive Effects Between Elevated CO2 and Diel CO2 Cycles on the Survival, Growth and Behavior of a Coral Reef Fish.docx

• Main Authors: Michael D. Jarrold, Philip L. Munday
• Format: Dataset
• Language: unknown
• Published: 2018
• Subjects: Oceanography; Marine Biology; Marine Geoscience; Biological Oceanography; Chemical Oceanography; Physical Oceanography; Marine Engineering; ocean acidification; ocean warming; lateralization; activity; fast starts; pH variability; CO2 fluctuations; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00458.s001; https://figshare.com/articles/Table_1_Elevated_Temperature_Does_Not_Substantially_Modify_the_Interactive_Effects_Between_Elevated_CO2_and_Diel_CO2_Cycles_on_the_Survival_Growth_and_Behavior_of_a_Coral_Reef_Fish_docx/7454822

Recent studies demonstrate that diel CO 2 cycles, such as those prevalent in many shallow water habitats, can potentially modify the effects of ocean acidification conditions on marine organisms. However, whether the interaction between elevated CO 2 and diel CO 2 cycles is further modified by elevated temperature is unknown. To test this, we reared juvenile spiny damselfish, Acanthochromis polyacanthus, for 11 weeks in two stable (450 and 1000 μatm) and two diel- cycling elevated CO 2 treatments (1000 ± 300 and 1000 ± 500 μatm) at both current-day (29°C) and projected future temperature (31°C). We measured the effects on survivorship, growth, behavioral lateralization, activity, boldness and escape performance (fast starts). A significant interaction between CO 2 and temperature was only detected for survivorship. Survival was lower in the two cycling CO 2 treatments at 31°C compared with 29°C but did not differ between temperatures in the two stable CO 2 treatments. In other traits we observed independent effects of elevated CO 2 , and interactions between elevated CO 2 and diel CO 2 cycles, but these effects were not influenced by temperature. There was a trend toward decreased growth in fish reared under stable elevated CO 2 that was counteracted by diel CO 2 cycles, with fish reared under cycling CO 2 being significantly larger than fish reared under stable elevated CO 2 . Diel CO 2 cycles also mediated the negative effect of elevated CO 2 on behavioral lateralization, as previously reported. Routine activity was reduced in the 1000 ± 500 μatm CO 2 treatment compared to control fish. In contrast, neither boldness nor fast-starts were affected by any of the CO 2 treatments. Elevated temperature had significant independent effects on growth, routine activity and fast start performance. Our results demonstrate that diel CO 2 cycles can significantly modify the growth and behavioral responses of fish under elevated CO 2 and that these effects are not altered by elevated temperature, at least in this species. ...