Table_1_Impact of Multiple Ecological Stressors on a Sub-Arctic Ecosystem: No Interaction Between Extreme Winter Warming Events, Nitrogen Addition and Grazing.docx
Climate change is one of many ongoing human-induced environmental changes, but few studies consider interactive effects between multiple anthropogenic disturbances. In coastal sub-arctic heathland, we quantified the impact of a factorial design simulating extreme winter warming (WW) events (7 days a...
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ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/7405958 2023-05-15T14:58:02+02:00 Table_1_Impact of Multiple Ecological Stressors on a Sub-Arctic Ecosystem: No Interaction Between Extreme Winter Warming Events, Nitrogen Addition and Grazing.docx Stef Bokhorst Matty P. Berg Guro K. Edvinsen Jacintha Ellers Amber Heitman Laura Jaakola Hanne K. Mæhre Gareth K. Phoenix Hans Tømmervik Jarle W. Bjerke 2018-11-30T10:42:31Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01787.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/Table_1_Impact_of_Multiple_Ecological_Stressors_on_a_Sub-Arctic_Ecosystem_No_Interaction_Between_Extreme_Winter_Warming_Events_Nitrogen_Addition_and_Grazing_docx/7405958 unknown doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.01787.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/Table_1_Impact_of_Multiple_Ecological_Stressors_on_a_Sub-Arctic_Ecosystem_No_Interaction_Between_Extreme_Winter_Warming_Events_Nitrogen_Addition_and_Grazing_docx/7405958 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Botany Plant Biology Plant Systematics and Taxonomy Plant Cell and Molecular Biology Plant Developmental and Reproductive Biology Plant Pathology Plant Physiology Plant Biology not elsewhere classified cryptogam CO2 fluxes fatty acids frost geometrid moth herbivory multiple stress snow Dataset 2018 ftfrontimediafig https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01787.s001 2018-12-05T23:59:25Z Climate change is one of many ongoing human-induced environmental changes, but few studies consider interactive effects between multiple anthropogenic disturbances. In coastal sub-arctic heathland, we quantified the impact of a factorial design simulating extreme winter warming (WW) events (7 days at 6–7°C) combined with episodic summer nitrogen (+N) depositions (5 kg N ha -1 ) on plant winter physiology, plant community composition and ecosystem CO 2 fluxes of an Empetrum nigrum dominated heathland during 3 consecutive years in northern Norway. We expected that the +N would exacerbate any stress effects caused by the WW treatment. During WW events, ecosystem respiration doubled, leaf respiration declined (-58%), efficiency of Photosystem II (Fv/Fm) increased (between 26 and 88%), while cell membrane fatty acids showed strong compositional changes as a result of the warming and freezing. In particular, longer fatty acid chains increased as a result of WW events, and eicosadienoic acid (C20:2) was lower when plants were exposed to the combination of WW and +N. A larval outbreak of geometrid moths (Epirrita autumnata and Operophtera brumata) following the first WW led to a near-complete leaf defoliation of the dominant dwarf shrubs E. nigrum (-87%) and Vaccinium myrtillus (-81%) across all experimental plots. Leaf emergence timing, plant biomass or composition, NDVI and growing season ecosystem CO 2 fluxes were unresponsive to the WW and +N treatments. The limited plant community response reflected the relative mild winter freezing temperatures (-6.6°C to -11.8°C) recorded after the WW events, and that the grazing pressure probably overshadowed any potential treatment effects. The grazing pressure and WW both induce damage to the evergreen shrubs and their combination should therefore be even stronger. In addition, +N could have exacerbated the impact of both extreme events, but the ecosystem responses did not support this. Therefore, our results indicate that these sub-arctic Empetrum-dominated ecosystems are ... Dataset Arctic Climate change Empetrum nigrum Northern Norway Frontiers: Figshare Arctic Norway |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Frontiers: Figshare |
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ftfrontimediafig |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Botany Plant Biology Plant Systematics and Taxonomy Plant Cell and Molecular Biology Plant Developmental and Reproductive Biology Plant Pathology Plant Physiology Plant Biology not elsewhere classified cryptogam CO2 fluxes fatty acids frost geometrid moth herbivory multiple stress snow |
spellingShingle |
Botany Plant Biology Plant Systematics and Taxonomy Plant Cell and Molecular Biology Plant Developmental and Reproductive Biology Plant Pathology Plant Physiology Plant Biology not elsewhere classified cryptogam CO2 fluxes fatty acids frost geometrid moth herbivory multiple stress snow Stef Bokhorst Matty P. Berg Guro K. Edvinsen Jacintha Ellers Amber Heitman Laura Jaakola Hanne K. Mæhre Gareth K. Phoenix Hans Tømmervik Jarle W. Bjerke Table_1_Impact of Multiple Ecological Stressors on a Sub-Arctic Ecosystem: No Interaction Between Extreme Winter Warming Events, Nitrogen Addition and Grazing.docx |
topic_facet |
Botany Plant Biology Plant Systematics and Taxonomy Plant Cell and Molecular Biology Plant Developmental and Reproductive Biology Plant Pathology Plant Physiology Plant Biology not elsewhere classified cryptogam CO2 fluxes fatty acids frost geometrid moth herbivory multiple stress snow |
description |
Climate change is one of many ongoing human-induced environmental changes, but few studies consider interactive effects between multiple anthropogenic disturbances. In coastal sub-arctic heathland, we quantified the impact of a factorial design simulating extreme winter warming (WW) events (7 days at 6–7°C) combined with episodic summer nitrogen (+N) depositions (5 kg N ha -1 ) on plant winter physiology, plant community composition and ecosystem CO 2 fluxes of an Empetrum nigrum dominated heathland during 3 consecutive years in northern Norway. We expected that the +N would exacerbate any stress effects caused by the WW treatment. During WW events, ecosystem respiration doubled, leaf respiration declined (-58%), efficiency of Photosystem II (Fv/Fm) increased (between 26 and 88%), while cell membrane fatty acids showed strong compositional changes as a result of the warming and freezing. In particular, longer fatty acid chains increased as a result of WW events, and eicosadienoic acid (C20:2) was lower when plants were exposed to the combination of WW and +N. A larval outbreak of geometrid moths (Epirrita autumnata and Operophtera brumata) following the first WW led to a near-complete leaf defoliation of the dominant dwarf shrubs E. nigrum (-87%) and Vaccinium myrtillus (-81%) across all experimental plots. Leaf emergence timing, plant biomass or composition, NDVI and growing season ecosystem CO 2 fluxes were unresponsive to the WW and +N treatments. The limited plant community response reflected the relative mild winter freezing temperatures (-6.6°C to -11.8°C) recorded after the WW events, and that the grazing pressure probably overshadowed any potential treatment effects. The grazing pressure and WW both induce damage to the evergreen shrubs and their combination should therefore be even stronger. In addition, +N could have exacerbated the impact of both extreme events, but the ecosystem responses did not support this. Therefore, our results indicate that these sub-arctic Empetrum-dominated ecosystems are ... |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Stef Bokhorst Matty P. Berg Guro K. Edvinsen Jacintha Ellers Amber Heitman Laura Jaakola Hanne K. Mæhre Gareth K. Phoenix Hans Tømmervik Jarle W. Bjerke |
author_facet |
Stef Bokhorst Matty P. Berg Guro K. Edvinsen Jacintha Ellers Amber Heitman Laura Jaakola Hanne K. Mæhre Gareth K. Phoenix Hans Tømmervik Jarle W. Bjerke |
author_sort |
Stef Bokhorst |
title |
Table_1_Impact of Multiple Ecological Stressors on a Sub-Arctic Ecosystem: No Interaction Between Extreme Winter Warming Events, Nitrogen Addition and Grazing.docx |
title_short |
Table_1_Impact of Multiple Ecological Stressors on a Sub-Arctic Ecosystem: No Interaction Between Extreme Winter Warming Events, Nitrogen Addition and Grazing.docx |
title_full |
Table_1_Impact of Multiple Ecological Stressors on a Sub-Arctic Ecosystem: No Interaction Between Extreme Winter Warming Events, Nitrogen Addition and Grazing.docx |
title_fullStr |
Table_1_Impact of Multiple Ecological Stressors on a Sub-Arctic Ecosystem: No Interaction Between Extreme Winter Warming Events, Nitrogen Addition and Grazing.docx |
title_full_unstemmed |
Table_1_Impact of Multiple Ecological Stressors on a Sub-Arctic Ecosystem: No Interaction Between Extreme Winter Warming Events, Nitrogen Addition and Grazing.docx |
title_sort |
table_1_impact of multiple ecological stressors on a sub-arctic ecosystem: no interaction between extreme winter warming events, nitrogen addition and grazing.docx |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01787.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/Table_1_Impact_of_Multiple_Ecological_Stressors_on_a_Sub-Arctic_Ecosystem_No_Interaction_Between_Extreme_Winter_Warming_Events_Nitrogen_Addition_and_Grazing_docx/7405958 |
geographic |
Arctic Norway |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Norway |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Empetrum nigrum Northern Norway |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Empetrum nigrum Northern Norway |
op_relation |
doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.01787.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/Table_1_Impact_of_Multiple_Ecological_Stressors_on_a_Sub-Arctic_Ecosystem_No_Interaction_Between_Extreme_Winter_Warming_Events_Nitrogen_Addition_and_Grazing_docx/7405958 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01787.s001 |
_version_ |
1766330118012141568 |