Table_1_Antarctic benthic diatoms after 10 months of dark exposure: consequences for photosynthesis and cellular integrity.pdf
Antarctic algae are exposed to prolonged periods of extreme darkness due to polar night, and coverage by ice and snow can extend such dark conditions to up to 10 months. A major group of microalgae in benthic habitats of Antarctica are diatoms, which are key primary producers in these regions. Howev...
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ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/25458517 2024-09-15T17:45:57+00:00 Table_1_Antarctic benthic diatoms after 10 months of dark exposure: consequences for photosynthesis and cellular integrity.pdf Jacob Handy Desirée Juchem Qian Wang Katherina Schimani Oliver Skibbe Jonas Zimmermann Ulf Karsten Klaus Herburger 2024-03-22T04:11:37Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1326375.s003 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Antarctic_benthic_diatoms_after_10_months_of_dark_exposure_consequences_for_photosynthesis_and_cellular_integrity_pdf/25458517 unknown doi:10.3389/fpls.2024.1326375.s003 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Antarctic_benthic_diatoms_after_10_months_of_dark_exposure_consequences_for_photosynthesis_and_cellular_integrity_pdf/25458517 CC BY 4.0 Botany Plant Biology Plant Systematics and Taxonomy Plant Cell and Molecular Biology Plant Developmental and Reproductive Biology Plant Pathology Plant Physiology Plant Biology not elsewhere classified Antarctica dark adaptation diatoms photosynthesis polar night plastoglobules Dataset 2024 ftfrontimediafig https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1326375.s003 2024-08-19T06:19:46Z Antarctic algae are exposed to prolonged periods of extreme darkness due to polar night, and coverage by ice and snow can extend such dark conditions to up to 10 months. A major group of microalgae in benthic habitats of Antarctica are diatoms, which are key primary producers in these regions. However, the effects of extremely prolonged dark exposure on their photosynthesis, cellular ultrastructure, and cell integrity remain unknown. Here we show that five strains of Antarctic benthic diatoms exhibit an active photosynthetic apparatus despite 10 months of dark-exposure. This was shown by a steady effective quantum yield of photosystem II (Y[II]) upon light exposure for up to 2.5 months, suggesting that Antarctic diatoms do not rely on metabolically inactive resting cells to survive prolonged darkness. While limnic strains performed better than their marine counterparts, Y(II) recovery to values commonly observed in diatoms occurred after 4-5 months of light exposure in all strains, suggesting long recovering times. Dark exposure for 10 months dramatically reduced the chloroplast ultrastructure, thylakoid stacking, and led to a higher proportion of cells with compromised membranes than in light-adapted cells. However, photosynthetic oxygen production was readily measurable after darkness and strong photoinhibition only occurred at high light levels (>800 µmol photons m -2 s -1 ). Our data suggest that Antarctic benthic diatoms are well adapted to long dark periods. However, prolonged darkness for several months followed by only few months of light and another dark period may prevent them to regain their full photosynthetic potential due to long recovery times, which might compromise long-term population survival. Dataset Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica polar night Frontiers: Figshare |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Frontiers: Figshare |
op_collection_id |
ftfrontimediafig |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Botany Plant Biology Plant Systematics and Taxonomy Plant Cell and Molecular Biology Plant Developmental and Reproductive Biology Plant Pathology Plant Physiology Plant Biology not elsewhere classified Antarctica dark adaptation diatoms photosynthesis polar night plastoglobules |
spellingShingle |
Botany Plant Biology Plant Systematics and Taxonomy Plant Cell and Molecular Biology Plant Developmental and Reproductive Biology Plant Pathology Plant Physiology Plant Biology not elsewhere classified Antarctica dark adaptation diatoms photosynthesis polar night plastoglobules Jacob Handy Desirée Juchem Qian Wang Katherina Schimani Oliver Skibbe Jonas Zimmermann Ulf Karsten Klaus Herburger Table_1_Antarctic benthic diatoms after 10 months of dark exposure: consequences for photosynthesis and cellular integrity.pdf |
topic_facet |
Botany Plant Biology Plant Systematics and Taxonomy Plant Cell and Molecular Biology Plant Developmental and Reproductive Biology Plant Pathology Plant Physiology Plant Biology not elsewhere classified Antarctica dark adaptation diatoms photosynthesis polar night plastoglobules |
description |
Antarctic algae are exposed to prolonged periods of extreme darkness due to polar night, and coverage by ice and snow can extend such dark conditions to up to 10 months. A major group of microalgae in benthic habitats of Antarctica are diatoms, which are key primary producers in these regions. However, the effects of extremely prolonged dark exposure on their photosynthesis, cellular ultrastructure, and cell integrity remain unknown. Here we show that five strains of Antarctic benthic diatoms exhibit an active photosynthetic apparatus despite 10 months of dark-exposure. This was shown by a steady effective quantum yield of photosystem II (Y[II]) upon light exposure for up to 2.5 months, suggesting that Antarctic diatoms do not rely on metabolically inactive resting cells to survive prolonged darkness. While limnic strains performed better than their marine counterparts, Y(II) recovery to values commonly observed in diatoms occurred after 4-5 months of light exposure in all strains, suggesting long recovering times. Dark exposure for 10 months dramatically reduced the chloroplast ultrastructure, thylakoid stacking, and led to a higher proportion of cells with compromised membranes than in light-adapted cells. However, photosynthetic oxygen production was readily measurable after darkness and strong photoinhibition only occurred at high light levels (>800 µmol photons m -2 s -1 ). Our data suggest that Antarctic benthic diatoms are well adapted to long dark periods. However, prolonged darkness for several months followed by only few months of light and another dark period may prevent them to regain their full photosynthetic potential due to long recovery times, which might compromise long-term population survival. |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Jacob Handy Desirée Juchem Qian Wang Katherina Schimani Oliver Skibbe Jonas Zimmermann Ulf Karsten Klaus Herburger |
author_facet |
Jacob Handy Desirée Juchem Qian Wang Katherina Schimani Oliver Skibbe Jonas Zimmermann Ulf Karsten Klaus Herburger |
author_sort |
Jacob Handy |
title |
Table_1_Antarctic benthic diatoms after 10 months of dark exposure: consequences for photosynthesis and cellular integrity.pdf |
title_short |
Table_1_Antarctic benthic diatoms after 10 months of dark exposure: consequences for photosynthesis and cellular integrity.pdf |
title_full |
Table_1_Antarctic benthic diatoms after 10 months of dark exposure: consequences for photosynthesis and cellular integrity.pdf |
title_fullStr |
Table_1_Antarctic benthic diatoms after 10 months of dark exposure: consequences for photosynthesis and cellular integrity.pdf |
title_full_unstemmed |
Table_1_Antarctic benthic diatoms after 10 months of dark exposure: consequences for photosynthesis and cellular integrity.pdf |
title_sort |
table_1_antarctic benthic diatoms after 10 months of dark exposure: consequences for photosynthesis and cellular integrity.pdf |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1326375.s003 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Antarctic_benthic_diatoms_after_10_months_of_dark_exposure_consequences_for_photosynthesis_and_cellular_integrity_pdf/25458517 |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica polar night |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica polar night |
op_relation |
doi:10.3389/fpls.2024.1326375.s003 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Antarctic_benthic_diatoms_after_10_months_of_dark_exposure_consequences_for_photosynthesis_and_cellular_integrity_pdf/25458517 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1326375.s003 |
_version_ |
1810493893994610688 |