DataSheet_1_Decadal variability of oxygen uptake, export, and storage in the Labrador Sea from observations and CMIP6 models.pdf
The uptake of dissolved oxygen from the atmosphere via air-sea gas exchange and its physical transport away from the region of uptake are crucial for supplying oxygen to the deep ocean. This process takes place in a few key regions that feature intense oxygen uptake, deep water formation, and physic...
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Dataset |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
2023
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1202299.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/DataSheet_1_Decadal_variability_of_oxygen_uptake_export_and_storage_in_the_Labrador_Sea_from_observations_and_CMIP6_models_pdf/24467800 |
id |
ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/24467800 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/24467800 2024-09-09T19:50:41+00:00 DataSheet_1_Decadal variability of oxygen uptake, export, and storage in the Labrador Sea from observations and CMIP6 models.pdf Jannes Koelling Dariia Atamanchuk Douglas W. R. Wallace Johannes Karstensen 2023-10-31T14:47:13Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1202299.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/DataSheet_1_Decadal_variability_of_oxygen_uptake_export_and_storage_in_the_Labrador_Sea_from_observations_and_CMIP6_models_pdf/24467800 unknown doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1202299.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/DataSheet_1_Decadal_variability_of_oxygen_uptake_export_and_storage_in_the_Labrador_Sea_from_observations_and_CMIP6_models_pdf/24467800 CC BY 4.0 Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering deoxygenation deep water formation air-sea gas exchange climate models decadal variability ocean biogeochemical cycles ocean ventilation Dataset 2023 ftfrontimediafig https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1202299.s001 2024-08-19T06:20:03Z The uptake of dissolved oxygen from the atmosphere via air-sea gas exchange and its physical transport away from the region of uptake are crucial for supplying oxygen to the deep ocean. This process takes place in a few key regions that feature intense oxygen uptake, deep water formation, and physical oxygen export. In this study we analyze one such region, the Labrador Sea, utilizing the World Ocean Database (WOD) to construct a 65–year oxygen content time series in the Labrador Sea Water (LSW) layer (0–2200 m). The data reveal decadal variability associated with the strength of deep convection, with a maximum anomaly of 27 mol m –2 in 1992. There is no long-term trend in the time series, suggesting that the mean oxygen uptake is balanced by oxygen export out of the region. We compared the time series with output from nine models of the Ocean Model Intercomparison Project phase 1 in the Climate Model Intercomparison Project phase 6, (CMIP6-OMIP1), and constructed a “model score” to evaluate how well they match oxygen observations. Most CMIP6-OMIP1 models score around 50/100 points and the highest score is 57/100 for the ensemble mean, suggesting that improvements are needed. All of the models underestimate the maximum oxygen content anomaly in the 1990s. One possible cause for this is the representation of air-sea gas exchange for oxygen, with all models underestimating the mean uptake by a factor of two or more. Unrealistically deep convection and biased mean oxygen profiles may also contribute to the mismatch. Refining the representation of these processes in climate models could be vital for enhanced predictions of deoxygenation. In the CMIP6-OMIP1 multi-model mean, oxygen uptake has its maximum in 1980–1992, followed by a decrease in 1994–2006. There is a concurrent decrease in export, but oxygen storage also changes between the two periods, with oxygen accumulated in the first period and drained out in the second. Consequently, the change in oxygen export (5%) is much less than that in uptake (28%), ... Dataset Labrador Sea Frontiers: Figshare |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Frontiers: Figshare |
op_collection_id |
ftfrontimediafig |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering deoxygenation deep water formation air-sea gas exchange climate models decadal variability ocean biogeochemical cycles ocean ventilation |
spellingShingle |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering deoxygenation deep water formation air-sea gas exchange climate models decadal variability ocean biogeochemical cycles ocean ventilation Jannes Koelling Dariia Atamanchuk Douglas W. R. Wallace Johannes Karstensen DataSheet_1_Decadal variability of oxygen uptake, export, and storage in the Labrador Sea from observations and CMIP6 models.pdf |
topic_facet |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering deoxygenation deep water formation air-sea gas exchange climate models decadal variability ocean biogeochemical cycles ocean ventilation |
description |
The uptake of dissolved oxygen from the atmosphere via air-sea gas exchange and its physical transport away from the region of uptake are crucial for supplying oxygen to the deep ocean. This process takes place in a few key regions that feature intense oxygen uptake, deep water formation, and physical oxygen export. In this study we analyze one such region, the Labrador Sea, utilizing the World Ocean Database (WOD) to construct a 65–year oxygen content time series in the Labrador Sea Water (LSW) layer (0–2200 m). The data reveal decadal variability associated with the strength of deep convection, with a maximum anomaly of 27 mol m –2 in 1992. There is no long-term trend in the time series, suggesting that the mean oxygen uptake is balanced by oxygen export out of the region. We compared the time series with output from nine models of the Ocean Model Intercomparison Project phase 1 in the Climate Model Intercomparison Project phase 6, (CMIP6-OMIP1), and constructed a “model score” to evaluate how well they match oxygen observations. Most CMIP6-OMIP1 models score around 50/100 points and the highest score is 57/100 for the ensemble mean, suggesting that improvements are needed. All of the models underestimate the maximum oxygen content anomaly in the 1990s. One possible cause for this is the representation of air-sea gas exchange for oxygen, with all models underestimating the mean uptake by a factor of two or more. Unrealistically deep convection and biased mean oxygen profiles may also contribute to the mismatch. Refining the representation of these processes in climate models could be vital for enhanced predictions of deoxygenation. In the CMIP6-OMIP1 multi-model mean, oxygen uptake has its maximum in 1980–1992, followed by a decrease in 1994–2006. There is a concurrent decrease in export, but oxygen storage also changes between the two periods, with oxygen accumulated in the first period and drained out in the second. Consequently, the change in oxygen export (5%) is much less than that in uptake (28%), ... |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Jannes Koelling Dariia Atamanchuk Douglas W. R. Wallace Johannes Karstensen |
author_facet |
Jannes Koelling Dariia Atamanchuk Douglas W. R. Wallace Johannes Karstensen |
author_sort |
Jannes Koelling |
title |
DataSheet_1_Decadal variability of oxygen uptake, export, and storage in the Labrador Sea from observations and CMIP6 models.pdf |
title_short |
DataSheet_1_Decadal variability of oxygen uptake, export, and storage in the Labrador Sea from observations and CMIP6 models.pdf |
title_full |
DataSheet_1_Decadal variability of oxygen uptake, export, and storage in the Labrador Sea from observations and CMIP6 models.pdf |
title_fullStr |
DataSheet_1_Decadal variability of oxygen uptake, export, and storage in the Labrador Sea from observations and CMIP6 models.pdf |
title_full_unstemmed |
DataSheet_1_Decadal variability of oxygen uptake, export, and storage in the Labrador Sea from observations and CMIP6 models.pdf |
title_sort |
datasheet_1_decadal variability of oxygen uptake, export, and storage in the labrador sea from observations and cmip6 models.pdf |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1202299.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/DataSheet_1_Decadal_variability_of_oxygen_uptake_export_and_storage_in_the_Labrador_Sea_from_observations_and_CMIP6_models_pdf/24467800 |
genre |
Labrador Sea |
genre_facet |
Labrador Sea |
op_relation |
doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1202299.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/DataSheet_1_Decadal_variability_of_oxygen_uptake_export_and_storage_in_the_Labrador_Sea_from_observations_and_CMIP6_models_pdf/24467800 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1202299.s001 |
_version_ |
1809919958860169216 |