Image_1_Recent streamflow trends across permafrost basins of North America.TIFF

Introduction Climate change impacts, including changing temperatures, precipitation, and vegetation, are widely anticipated to cause major shifts to the permafrost with resulting impacts to hydro-ecosystems across the high latitudes of the globe. However, it is challenging to examine streamflow shif...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Katrina E. Bennett, Jon Schwenk, Claire Bachand, Eve Gasarch, Jemma Stachelek, William R. Bolton, Joel C. Rowland
Format: Still Image
Language:unknown
Published: 2023
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2023.1099660.s001
https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_Recent_streamflow_trends_across_permafrost_basins_of_North_America_TIFF/23598270
id ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/23598270
record_format openpolar
spelling ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/23598270 2024-09-15T18:02:13+00:00 Image_1_Recent streamflow trends across permafrost basins of North America.TIFF Katrina E. Bennett Jon Schwenk Claire Bachand Eve Gasarch Jemma Stachelek William R. Bolton Joel C. Rowland 2023-06-29T04:36:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2023.1099660.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_Recent_streamflow_trends_across_permafrost_basins_of_North_America_TIFF/23598270 unknown doi:10.3389/frwa.2023.1099660.s001 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_Recent_streamflow_trends_across_permafrost_basins_of_North_America_TIFF/23598270 CC BY 4.0 Hydrology Natural Resource Management Water Quality Engineering Water Resources Engineering Environmental Politics streamflow trends permafrost climate change snow North America Arctic Image Figure 2023 ftfrontimediafig https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2023.1099660.s001 2024-08-19T06:19:57Z Introduction Climate change impacts, including changing temperatures, precipitation, and vegetation, are widely anticipated to cause major shifts to the permafrost with resulting impacts to hydro-ecosystems across the high latitudes of the globe. However, it is challenging to examine streamflow shifts in these regions owing to a paucity of data, discontinuity of records, and other issues related to data consistency and accuracy. Methods Recent trends for long-term periods (1990–2021, 1976–2021) in observed minimum, mean, and maximum seasonal and annual streamflow were analyzed for a range of watersheds across North America affected by varying degrees of permafrost coverage. Results Streamflow trend analysis revealed that areas affected by permafrost are changing variably over the periods in terms of maximum, mean, and minimum seasonal and annual streamflow. These changes indicate a significant shift occurring in the most recent 46 years towards increasing mean streamflow for the dominant (> 50%) permafrost systems. Meanwhile, minimum streamflow increases for all permafrost-dominant systems and many of the other permafrost-affected systems across the seasons and annual periods considered, with the greatest number of significant changes in streamflow over other metrics. Maximum streamflow is shifting variably with significant increases in the permafrost-dominant systems in winter and fall over longer time periods of analysis. Our analysis suggests that streamflow trends are driven by climate (precipitation, followed by temperature), while variables such as permafrost coverage only appear important in the most recent 32-year period. Discussion The increases in streamflow trends observed in this study are reflective of deepening active layers and thawing permafrost, indicating that the entire hydrograph is undergoing change within permafrost-dominant streamflow systems as the Arctic moves towards a warmer future under climate change. Despite the many challenges to understanding changing streamflow in cold ... Still Image Climate change permafrost Frontiers: Figshare
institution Open Polar
collection Frontiers: Figshare
op_collection_id ftfrontimediafig
language unknown
topic Hydrology
Natural Resource Management
Water Quality Engineering
Water Resources Engineering
Environmental Politics
streamflow
trends
permafrost
climate change
snow
North America
Arctic
spellingShingle Hydrology
Natural Resource Management
Water Quality Engineering
Water Resources Engineering
Environmental Politics
streamflow
trends
permafrost
climate change
snow
North America
Arctic
Katrina E. Bennett
Jon Schwenk
Claire Bachand
Eve Gasarch
Jemma Stachelek
William R. Bolton
Joel C. Rowland
Image_1_Recent streamflow trends across permafrost basins of North America.TIFF
topic_facet Hydrology
Natural Resource Management
Water Quality Engineering
Water Resources Engineering
Environmental Politics
streamflow
trends
permafrost
climate change
snow
North America
Arctic
description Introduction Climate change impacts, including changing temperatures, precipitation, and vegetation, are widely anticipated to cause major shifts to the permafrost with resulting impacts to hydro-ecosystems across the high latitudes of the globe. However, it is challenging to examine streamflow shifts in these regions owing to a paucity of data, discontinuity of records, and other issues related to data consistency and accuracy. Methods Recent trends for long-term periods (1990–2021, 1976–2021) in observed minimum, mean, and maximum seasonal and annual streamflow were analyzed for a range of watersheds across North America affected by varying degrees of permafrost coverage. Results Streamflow trend analysis revealed that areas affected by permafrost are changing variably over the periods in terms of maximum, mean, and minimum seasonal and annual streamflow. These changes indicate a significant shift occurring in the most recent 46 years towards increasing mean streamflow for the dominant (> 50%) permafrost systems. Meanwhile, minimum streamflow increases for all permafrost-dominant systems and many of the other permafrost-affected systems across the seasons and annual periods considered, with the greatest number of significant changes in streamflow over other metrics. Maximum streamflow is shifting variably with significant increases in the permafrost-dominant systems in winter and fall over longer time periods of analysis. Our analysis suggests that streamflow trends are driven by climate (precipitation, followed by temperature), while variables such as permafrost coverage only appear important in the most recent 32-year period. Discussion The increases in streamflow trends observed in this study are reflective of deepening active layers and thawing permafrost, indicating that the entire hydrograph is undergoing change within permafrost-dominant streamflow systems as the Arctic moves towards a warmer future under climate change. Despite the many challenges to understanding changing streamflow in cold ...
format Still Image
author Katrina E. Bennett
Jon Schwenk
Claire Bachand
Eve Gasarch
Jemma Stachelek
William R. Bolton
Joel C. Rowland
author_facet Katrina E. Bennett
Jon Schwenk
Claire Bachand
Eve Gasarch
Jemma Stachelek
William R. Bolton
Joel C. Rowland
author_sort Katrina E. Bennett
title Image_1_Recent streamflow trends across permafrost basins of North America.TIFF
title_short Image_1_Recent streamflow trends across permafrost basins of North America.TIFF
title_full Image_1_Recent streamflow trends across permafrost basins of North America.TIFF
title_fullStr Image_1_Recent streamflow trends across permafrost basins of North America.TIFF
title_full_unstemmed Image_1_Recent streamflow trends across permafrost basins of North America.TIFF
title_sort image_1_recent streamflow trends across permafrost basins of north america.tiff
publishDate 2023
url https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2023.1099660.s001
https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_Recent_streamflow_trends_across_permafrost_basins_of_North_America_TIFF/23598270
genre Climate change
permafrost
genre_facet Climate change
permafrost
op_relation doi:10.3389/frwa.2023.1099660.s001
https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_Recent_streamflow_trends_across_permafrost_basins_of_North_America_TIFF/23598270
op_rights CC BY 4.0
op_doi https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2023.1099660.s001
_version_ 1810439662647377920