Image_1_Contrasting Life Traits of Sympatric Calanus glacialis and C. finmarchicus in a Warming Arctic Revealed by a Year-Round Study in Isfjorden, Svalbard.jpeg
The calanoid copepod Calanus glacialis dominates the mesozooplankton biomass in the Arctic shelf seas, but its smaller North Atlantic sibling Calanus finmarchicus is expanding northwards and may potentially replace it if the climate continues to warm. Here we studied the population structure, overwi...
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2022
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.877910.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_Contrasting_Life_Traits_of_Sympatric_Calanus_glacialis_and_C_finmarchicus_in_a_Warming_Arctic_Revealed_by_a_Year-Round_Study_in_Isfjorden_Svalbard_jpeg/19751839 |
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ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/19751839 2023-05-15T14:51:18+02:00 Image_1_Contrasting Life Traits of Sympatric Calanus glacialis and C. finmarchicus in a Warming Arctic Revealed by a Year-Round Study in Isfjorden, Svalbard.jpeg Maja Hatlebakk Ksenia Kosobokova Malin Daase Janne E. Søreide 2022-05-12T04:56:32Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.877910.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_Contrasting_Life_Traits_of_Sympatric_Calanus_glacialis_and_C_finmarchicus_in_a_Warming_Arctic_Revealed_by_a_Year-Round_Study_in_Isfjorden_Svalbard_jpeg/19751839 unknown doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.877910.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_Contrasting_Life_Traits_of_Sympatric_Calanus_glacialis_and_C_finmarchicus_in_a_Warming_Arctic_Revealed_by_a_Year-Round_Study_in_Isfjorden_Svalbard_jpeg/19751839 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering calanoid copepods Svalbard fjords reproduction gonad maturation population structure climate Image Figure 2022 ftfrontimediafig https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.877910.s002 2022-05-18T23:13:36Z The calanoid copepod Calanus glacialis dominates the mesozooplankton biomass in the Arctic shelf seas, but its smaller North Atlantic sibling Calanus finmarchicus is expanding northwards and may potentially replace it if the climate continues to warm. Here we studied the population structure, overwintering strategies, gonad maturation and egg production of C. glacialis and C. finmarchicus over a period of 15 consecutive months in a high-Arctic fjord with sub-Arctic ocean climate and no sea ice formation in winter. The relative proportions of C. glacialis and C. finmarchicus varied throughout the study period, but with an overall dominance of C. glacialis. The overwintering population of C. glacialis was dominated by copepodite stage CIV (74%) while C. finmarchicus overwintered mainly as CV (65%), reflecting a primarily two- and one-year life cycle, respectively. Adult males and females of C. glacialis appeared as early as October with a peak during December-January, two months earlier than in C. finmarchicus, with a corresponding one-month earlier peak in recruitment for C. glacialis. While C. glacialis reproduced prior to the bloom with egg production peaking during the bloom, C. finmarchicus started egg laying during the bloom and continued to reproduce throughout the summer. Seasonal changes in the population structure suggest that C. finmarchicus born early in spring are able to develop to CV during summer and overwinter successfully, while offspring born later in the season do most likely not reach the CV overwintering stage. The ability to reproduce early and the flexibility to alter between 1- and 2-year life cycles give C. glacialis an advantage over C. finmarchicus in high-Arctic unpredictable environments with short-pulsed primary production regimes. Our data indicate that C. glacialis and C. finmarchicus occupy similar environmental niches, but different timing in reproduction reduces the competition. If sea temperatures remain within their temperature-tolerance ranges, both C. glacialis and C. ... Still Image Arctic Arctic Ocean Calanus finmarchicus Calanus glacialis Isfjord* Isfjorden North Atlantic Sea ice Svalbard Copepods Frontiers: Figshare Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Frontiers: Figshare |
op_collection_id |
ftfrontimediafig |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering calanoid copepods Svalbard fjords reproduction gonad maturation population structure climate |
spellingShingle |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering calanoid copepods Svalbard fjords reproduction gonad maturation population structure climate Maja Hatlebakk Ksenia Kosobokova Malin Daase Janne E. Søreide Image_1_Contrasting Life Traits of Sympatric Calanus glacialis and C. finmarchicus in a Warming Arctic Revealed by a Year-Round Study in Isfjorden, Svalbard.jpeg |
topic_facet |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering calanoid copepods Svalbard fjords reproduction gonad maturation population structure climate |
description |
The calanoid copepod Calanus glacialis dominates the mesozooplankton biomass in the Arctic shelf seas, but its smaller North Atlantic sibling Calanus finmarchicus is expanding northwards and may potentially replace it if the climate continues to warm. Here we studied the population structure, overwintering strategies, gonad maturation and egg production of C. glacialis and C. finmarchicus over a period of 15 consecutive months in a high-Arctic fjord with sub-Arctic ocean climate and no sea ice formation in winter. The relative proportions of C. glacialis and C. finmarchicus varied throughout the study period, but with an overall dominance of C. glacialis. The overwintering population of C. glacialis was dominated by copepodite stage CIV (74%) while C. finmarchicus overwintered mainly as CV (65%), reflecting a primarily two- and one-year life cycle, respectively. Adult males and females of C. glacialis appeared as early as October with a peak during December-January, two months earlier than in C. finmarchicus, with a corresponding one-month earlier peak in recruitment for C. glacialis. While C. glacialis reproduced prior to the bloom with egg production peaking during the bloom, C. finmarchicus started egg laying during the bloom and continued to reproduce throughout the summer. Seasonal changes in the population structure suggest that C. finmarchicus born early in spring are able to develop to CV during summer and overwinter successfully, while offspring born later in the season do most likely not reach the CV overwintering stage. The ability to reproduce early and the flexibility to alter between 1- and 2-year life cycles give C. glacialis an advantage over C. finmarchicus in high-Arctic unpredictable environments with short-pulsed primary production regimes. Our data indicate that C. glacialis and C. finmarchicus occupy similar environmental niches, but different timing in reproduction reduces the competition. If sea temperatures remain within their temperature-tolerance ranges, both C. glacialis and C. ... |
format |
Still Image |
author |
Maja Hatlebakk Ksenia Kosobokova Malin Daase Janne E. Søreide |
author_facet |
Maja Hatlebakk Ksenia Kosobokova Malin Daase Janne E. Søreide |
author_sort |
Maja Hatlebakk |
title |
Image_1_Contrasting Life Traits of Sympatric Calanus glacialis and C. finmarchicus in a Warming Arctic Revealed by a Year-Round Study in Isfjorden, Svalbard.jpeg |
title_short |
Image_1_Contrasting Life Traits of Sympatric Calanus glacialis and C. finmarchicus in a Warming Arctic Revealed by a Year-Round Study in Isfjorden, Svalbard.jpeg |
title_full |
Image_1_Contrasting Life Traits of Sympatric Calanus glacialis and C. finmarchicus in a Warming Arctic Revealed by a Year-Round Study in Isfjorden, Svalbard.jpeg |
title_fullStr |
Image_1_Contrasting Life Traits of Sympatric Calanus glacialis and C. finmarchicus in a Warming Arctic Revealed by a Year-Round Study in Isfjorden, Svalbard.jpeg |
title_full_unstemmed |
Image_1_Contrasting Life Traits of Sympatric Calanus glacialis and C. finmarchicus in a Warming Arctic Revealed by a Year-Round Study in Isfjorden, Svalbard.jpeg |
title_sort |
image_1_contrasting life traits of sympatric calanus glacialis and c. finmarchicus in a warming arctic revealed by a year-round study in isfjorden, svalbard.jpeg |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.877910.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_Contrasting_Life_Traits_of_Sympatric_Calanus_glacialis_and_C_finmarchicus_in_a_Warming_Arctic_Revealed_by_a_Year-Round_Study_in_Isfjorden_Svalbard_jpeg/19751839 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Calanus finmarchicus Calanus glacialis Isfjord* Isfjorden North Atlantic Sea ice Svalbard Copepods |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Calanus finmarchicus Calanus glacialis Isfjord* Isfjorden North Atlantic Sea ice Svalbard Copepods |
op_relation |
doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.877910.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_Contrasting_Life_Traits_of_Sympatric_Calanus_glacialis_and_C_finmarchicus_in_a_Warming_Arctic_Revealed_by_a_Year-Round_Study_in_Isfjorden_Svalbard_jpeg/19751839 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.877910.s002 |
_version_ |
1766322339597778944 |