Table_1_Large Vessel Activity and Low-Frequency Underwater Sound Benchmarks in United States Waters.docx
Chronic low-frequency noise from commercial shipping is a worldwide threat to marine animals that rely on sound for essential life functions. Although the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration recognizes the potential negative impacts of shipping noise in marine environments, there ar...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Dataset |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.669528.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Large_Vessel_Activity_and_Low-Frequency_Underwater_Sound_Benchmarks_in_United_States_Waters_docx/17030243 |
id |
ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/17030243 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/17030243 2023-05-15T14:58:08+02:00 Table_1_Large Vessel Activity and Low-Frequency Underwater Sound Benchmarks in United States Waters.docx Samara M. Haver Jeffrey D. Adams Leila T. Hatch Sofie M. Van Parijs Robert P. Dziak Joseph Haxel Scott A. Heppell Megan F. McKenna David K. Mellinger Jason Gedamke 2021-11-17T04:04:58Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.669528.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Large_Vessel_Activity_and_Low-Frequency_Underwater_Sound_Benchmarks_in_United_States_Waters_docx/17030243 unknown doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.669528.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Large_Vessel_Activity_and_Low-Frequency_Underwater_Sound_Benchmarks_in_United_States_Waters_docx/17030243 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering passive acoustic monitoring anthropogenic noise soundscape automatic information systems biologically important areas Dataset 2021 ftfrontimediafig https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.669528.s002 2021-11-18T00:00:10Z Chronic low-frequency noise from commercial shipping is a worldwide threat to marine animals that rely on sound for essential life functions. Although the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration recognizes the potential negative impacts of shipping noise in marine environments, there are currently no standard metrics to monitor and quantify shipping noise in U.S. marine waters. However, one-third octave band acoustic measurements centered at 63 and 125 Hz are used as international (European Union Marine Strategy Framework Directive) indicators for underwater ambient noise levels driven by shipping activity. We apply these metrics to passive acoustic monitoring data collected over 20 months in 2016–2017 at five dispersed sites throughout the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone: Alaskan Arctic, Hawaii, Gulf of Mexico, Northeast Canyons and Seamounts Marine National Monument (Northwest Atlantic), and Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuary (Northeast Pacific). To verify the relationship between shipping activity and underwater sound levels, vessel movement data from the Automatic Identification System (AIS) were paired to each passive acoustic monitoring site. Daily average sound levels were consistently near to or higher than 100 dB re 1 μPa in both the 63 and 125 Hz one-third octave bands at sites with high levels of shipping traffic (Gulf of Mexico, Northeast Canyons and Seamounts, and Cordell Bank). Where cargo vessels were less common (the Arctic and Hawaii), daily average sound levels were comparatively lower. Specifically, sound levels were ∼20 dB lower year-round in Hawaii and ∼10-20 dB lower in the Alaskan Arctic, depending on the season. Although these band-level measurements can only generally facilitate differentiation of sound sources, these results demonstrate that international acoustic indicators of commercial shipping can be applied to data collected in U.S. waters as a unified metric to approximate the influence of shipping as a driver of ambient noise levels, provide critical information to ... Dataset Arctic Northwest Atlantic Frontiers: Figshare Arctic Pacific |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Frontiers: Figshare |
op_collection_id |
ftfrontimediafig |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering passive acoustic monitoring anthropogenic noise soundscape automatic information systems biologically important areas |
spellingShingle |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering passive acoustic monitoring anthropogenic noise soundscape automatic information systems biologically important areas Samara M. Haver Jeffrey D. Adams Leila T. Hatch Sofie M. Van Parijs Robert P. Dziak Joseph Haxel Scott A. Heppell Megan F. McKenna David K. Mellinger Jason Gedamke Table_1_Large Vessel Activity and Low-Frequency Underwater Sound Benchmarks in United States Waters.docx |
topic_facet |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering passive acoustic monitoring anthropogenic noise soundscape automatic information systems biologically important areas |
description |
Chronic low-frequency noise from commercial shipping is a worldwide threat to marine animals that rely on sound for essential life functions. Although the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration recognizes the potential negative impacts of shipping noise in marine environments, there are currently no standard metrics to monitor and quantify shipping noise in U.S. marine waters. However, one-third octave band acoustic measurements centered at 63 and 125 Hz are used as international (European Union Marine Strategy Framework Directive) indicators for underwater ambient noise levels driven by shipping activity. We apply these metrics to passive acoustic monitoring data collected over 20 months in 2016–2017 at five dispersed sites throughout the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone: Alaskan Arctic, Hawaii, Gulf of Mexico, Northeast Canyons and Seamounts Marine National Monument (Northwest Atlantic), and Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuary (Northeast Pacific). To verify the relationship between shipping activity and underwater sound levels, vessel movement data from the Automatic Identification System (AIS) were paired to each passive acoustic monitoring site. Daily average sound levels were consistently near to or higher than 100 dB re 1 μPa in both the 63 and 125 Hz one-third octave bands at sites with high levels of shipping traffic (Gulf of Mexico, Northeast Canyons and Seamounts, and Cordell Bank). Where cargo vessels were less common (the Arctic and Hawaii), daily average sound levels were comparatively lower. Specifically, sound levels were ∼20 dB lower year-round in Hawaii and ∼10-20 dB lower in the Alaskan Arctic, depending on the season. Although these band-level measurements can only generally facilitate differentiation of sound sources, these results demonstrate that international acoustic indicators of commercial shipping can be applied to data collected in U.S. waters as a unified metric to approximate the influence of shipping as a driver of ambient noise levels, provide critical information to ... |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Samara M. Haver Jeffrey D. Adams Leila T. Hatch Sofie M. Van Parijs Robert P. Dziak Joseph Haxel Scott A. Heppell Megan F. McKenna David K. Mellinger Jason Gedamke |
author_facet |
Samara M. Haver Jeffrey D. Adams Leila T. Hatch Sofie M. Van Parijs Robert P. Dziak Joseph Haxel Scott A. Heppell Megan F. McKenna David K. Mellinger Jason Gedamke |
author_sort |
Samara M. Haver |
title |
Table_1_Large Vessel Activity and Low-Frequency Underwater Sound Benchmarks in United States Waters.docx |
title_short |
Table_1_Large Vessel Activity and Low-Frequency Underwater Sound Benchmarks in United States Waters.docx |
title_full |
Table_1_Large Vessel Activity and Low-Frequency Underwater Sound Benchmarks in United States Waters.docx |
title_fullStr |
Table_1_Large Vessel Activity and Low-Frequency Underwater Sound Benchmarks in United States Waters.docx |
title_full_unstemmed |
Table_1_Large Vessel Activity and Low-Frequency Underwater Sound Benchmarks in United States Waters.docx |
title_sort |
table_1_large vessel activity and low-frequency underwater sound benchmarks in united states waters.docx |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.669528.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Large_Vessel_Activity_and_Low-Frequency_Underwater_Sound_Benchmarks_in_United_States_Waters_docx/17030243 |
geographic |
Arctic Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Pacific |
genre |
Arctic Northwest Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Arctic Northwest Atlantic |
op_relation |
doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.669528.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Large_Vessel_Activity_and_Low-Frequency_Underwater_Sound_Benchmarks_in_United_States_Waters_docx/17030243 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.669528.s002 |
_version_ |
1766330226014420992 |