Image_2_The Norwegian Sea Gyre – A Regulator of Iceland-Scotland Ridge Exchanges.jpg
The Norwegian Sea gyre (NSG) is a large body of Arctic intermediate water and deep dense overflow waters, which circulate counterclockwise within the Norwegian Sea. Argo float trajectories presented in this study suggest that the NSG attains its strongest and most focused flow downstream of a conflu...
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ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/15074367 2023-05-15T15:11:54+02:00 Image_2_The Norwegian Sea Gyre – A Regulator of Iceland-Scotland Ridge Exchanges.jpg Hjálmar Hátún Léon Chafik Karin Margretha Húsgarð Larsen 2021-07-29T13:34:41Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.694614.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_2_The_Norwegian_Sea_Gyre_A_Regulator_of_Iceland-Scotland_Ridge_Exchanges_jpg/15074367 unknown doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.694614.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_2_The_Norwegian_Sea_Gyre_A_Regulator_of_Iceland-Scotland_Ridge_Exchanges_jpg/15074367 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering overflow Atlantic inflows main thermocline Norwegian Sea Gyre ecological indicator Image Figure 2021 ftfrontimediafig https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.694614.s002 2021-08-04T23:01:29Z The Norwegian Sea gyre (NSG) is a large body of Arctic intermediate water and deep dense overflow waters, which circulate counterclockwise within the Norwegian Sea. Argo float trajectories presented in this study suggest that the NSG attains its strongest and most focused flow downstream of a confluence of subarctic waters from the Iceland Sea and the Jan Mayen Ridge at steep bathymetry north of the Faroe slope. Based on hydrographic data from a meridional standard section across this flow (1988 to present), the first baroclinic estimate of the NSG circulation strength is provided. We, furthermore, show that the NSG circulation regulates key aspects of both the poleward Atlantic Water (AW) currents and the equatorward near-bottom and mid-depth flows in the Norwegian Sea – the main arteries of the Meridional Overturning Circulation. More specifically, we demonstrate close links between the NSG circulation and (i) the observed Faroe Bank Channel Overflow (FBCO) transport, (ii) variable depth of the main thermocline separating AW from the underlying colder and denser subarctic water masses, and (iii) satellite-derived sea-surface heights (SSHs) in the southern Nordic Seas. In general, a strong NSG and weak FBCO transport are associated with an uplifted thermocline and depressed SSH. Along a narrow band near the Norwegian and Shetland slopes, a strong NSG – oppositely – links to a depressed interface. Daily records of the FBCO transport, and satellite altimetry in a sensitive region north of the Iceland-Faroe Ridge, complement our hydrographic monitoring of the NSG strength. Together these records constitute valuable indicators for aspects of the Norwegian Sea physical oceanography, which likely have an impact on regional climate, ecology and biological productivity. Still Image Arctic Iceland Jan Mayen Nordic Seas Norwegian Sea Subarctic Frontiers: Figshare Arctic Faroe Bank ENVELOPE(-8.667,-8.667,60.917,60.917) Jan Mayen Jan Mayen Ridge ENVELOPE(-8.000,-8.000,69.000,69.000) Norwegian Sea |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Frontiers: Figshare |
op_collection_id |
ftfrontimediafig |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering overflow Atlantic inflows main thermocline Norwegian Sea Gyre ecological indicator |
spellingShingle |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering overflow Atlantic inflows main thermocline Norwegian Sea Gyre ecological indicator Hjálmar Hátún Léon Chafik Karin Margretha Húsgarð Larsen Image_2_The Norwegian Sea Gyre – A Regulator of Iceland-Scotland Ridge Exchanges.jpg |
topic_facet |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering overflow Atlantic inflows main thermocline Norwegian Sea Gyre ecological indicator |
description |
The Norwegian Sea gyre (NSG) is a large body of Arctic intermediate water and deep dense overflow waters, which circulate counterclockwise within the Norwegian Sea. Argo float trajectories presented in this study suggest that the NSG attains its strongest and most focused flow downstream of a confluence of subarctic waters from the Iceland Sea and the Jan Mayen Ridge at steep bathymetry north of the Faroe slope. Based on hydrographic data from a meridional standard section across this flow (1988 to present), the first baroclinic estimate of the NSG circulation strength is provided. We, furthermore, show that the NSG circulation regulates key aspects of both the poleward Atlantic Water (AW) currents and the equatorward near-bottom and mid-depth flows in the Norwegian Sea – the main arteries of the Meridional Overturning Circulation. More specifically, we demonstrate close links between the NSG circulation and (i) the observed Faroe Bank Channel Overflow (FBCO) transport, (ii) variable depth of the main thermocline separating AW from the underlying colder and denser subarctic water masses, and (iii) satellite-derived sea-surface heights (SSHs) in the southern Nordic Seas. In general, a strong NSG and weak FBCO transport are associated with an uplifted thermocline and depressed SSH. Along a narrow band near the Norwegian and Shetland slopes, a strong NSG – oppositely – links to a depressed interface. Daily records of the FBCO transport, and satellite altimetry in a sensitive region north of the Iceland-Faroe Ridge, complement our hydrographic monitoring of the NSG strength. Together these records constitute valuable indicators for aspects of the Norwegian Sea physical oceanography, which likely have an impact on regional climate, ecology and biological productivity. |
format |
Still Image |
author |
Hjálmar Hátún Léon Chafik Karin Margretha Húsgarð Larsen |
author_facet |
Hjálmar Hátún Léon Chafik Karin Margretha Húsgarð Larsen |
author_sort |
Hjálmar Hátún |
title |
Image_2_The Norwegian Sea Gyre – A Regulator of Iceland-Scotland Ridge Exchanges.jpg |
title_short |
Image_2_The Norwegian Sea Gyre – A Regulator of Iceland-Scotland Ridge Exchanges.jpg |
title_full |
Image_2_The Norwegian Sea Gyre – A Regulator of Iceland-Scotland Ridge Exchanges.jpg |
title_fullStr |
Image_2_The Norwegian Sea Gyre – A Regulator of Iceland-Scotland Ridge Exchanges.jpg |
title_full_unstemmed |
Image_2_The Norwegian Sea Gyre – A Regulator of Iceland-Scotland Ridge Exchanges.jpg |
title_sort |
image_2_the norwegian sea gyre – a regulator of iceland-scotland ridge exchanges.jpg |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.694614.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_2_The_Norwegian_Sea_Gyre_A_Regulator_of_Iceland-Scotland_Ridge_Exchanges_jpg/15074367 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-8.667,-8.667,60.917,60.917) ENVELOPE(-8.000,-8.000,69.000,69.000) |
geographic |
Arctic Faroe Bank Jan Mayen Jan Mayen Ridge Norwegian Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Faroe Bank Jan Mayen Jan Mayen Ridge Norwegian Sea |
genre |
Arctic Iceland Jan Mayen Nordic Seas Norwegian Sea Subarctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic Iceland Jan Mayen Nordic Seas Norwegian Sea Subarctic |
op_relation |
doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.694614.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_2_The_Norwegian_Sea_Gyre_A_Regulator_of_Iceland-Scotland_Ridge_Exchanges_jpg/15074367 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.694614.s002 |
_version_ |
1766342686859591680 |