Table_3_Risk Factors for New Zealand Sea Lion (Phocarctos hookeri) Pup Mortality: Ivermectin Improves Survival for Conservation Management.DOCX
Septicaemia due to hypervirulent (HV) Klebsiella pneumoniae is the leading cause of neonatal pup mortality in endangered New Zealand sea lions (Phocarctos hookeri) at Enderby Island, in the New Zealand sub-Antarctic. Accounting for approximately 60% of annual pup mortality at this site following an...
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ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/14936898 2023-05-15T14:03:39+02:00 Table_3_Risk Factors for New Zealand Sea Lion (Phocarctos hookeri) Pup Mortality: Ivermectin Improves Survival for Conservation Management.DOCX Sarah A. Michael David T. S. Hayman Rachael Gray Wendi D. Roe 2021-07-09T04:39:02Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.680678.s004 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_3_Risk_Factors_for_New_Zealand_Sea_Lion_Phocarctos_hookeri_Pup_Mortality_Ivermectin_Improves_Survival_for_Conservation_Management_DOCX/14936898 unknown doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.680678.s004 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_3_Risk_Factors_for_New_Zealand_Sea_Lion_Phocarctos_hookeri_Pup_Mortality_Ivermectin_Improves_Survival_for_Conservation_Management_DOCX/14936898 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering case-control study ivermectin Klebsiella pneumoniae pinniped risk factor hypervirulent Dataset 2021 ftfrontimediafig https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.680678.s004 2021-07-14T23:00:18Z Septicaemia due to hypervirulent (HV) Klebsiella pneumoniae is the leading cause of neonatal pup mortality in endangered New Zealand sea lions (Phocarctos hookeri) at Enderby Island, in the New Zealand sub-Antarctic. Accounting for approximately 60% of annual pup mortality at this site following an epizootic event in 2001–02, HV K. pneumoniae is also emerging worldwide as a significant community-acquired human pathogen. To facilitate efficient direct mitigation to reduce pup mortality, a case-control study and prospective cohort study were conducted to identify risk factors amenable to active management. Additionally, to investigate impacts of hookworm (Uncinaria spp.), a nested treatment trial with the anthelmintic ivermectin was undertaken concurrently. During two austral summer field seasons (2016–2018), 698 pups were captured for treatment trial recruitment and the collection of morphometric measurements, biological samples and risk factor data. Gastrointestinal carriage of the virulent phenotype of K. pneumoniae was a consistent risk factor, while ivermectin treatment and higher body condition index consistently reduced risk of HV K. pneumoniae mortality. Significantly fewer ivermectin-treated pups were found dead (24.1% control, 11.1% treatment), with a trend towards a higher proportion of HV K. pneumoniae deaths amongst the control group. This study provides evidence to support ivermectin treatment as a pup mortality mitigation strategy in New Zealand sea lions at Enderby Island. If applied to larger colonies where HV K. pneumoniae and hookworm impact pup survival, this intervention could have population-scale benefits for this endangered species. Further work is required to understand how ivermectin prevents HV K. pneumoniae septicaemia, but removal of hookworms before intestinal mucosal damage occurs could limit systemic spread of virulent bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract. Dataset Antarc* Antarctic Enderby Island Frontiers: Figshare Antarctic Austral New Zealand |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Frontiers: Figshare |
op_collection_id |
ftfrontimediafig |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering case-control study ivermectin Klebsiella pneumoniae pinniped risk factor hypervirulent |
spellingShingle |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering case-control study ivermectin Klebsiella pneumoniae pinniped risk factor hypervirulent Sarah A. Michael David T. S. Hayman Rachael Gray Wendi D. Roe Table_3_Risk Factors for New Zealand Sea Lion (Phocarctos hookeri) Pup Mortality: Ivermectin Improves Survival for Conservation Management.DOCX |
topic_facet |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering case-control study ivermectin Klebsiella pneumoniae pinniped risk factor hypervirulent |
description |
Septicaemia due to hypervirulent (HV) Klebsiella pneumoniae is the leading cause of neonatal pup mortality in endangered New Zealand sea lions (Phocarctos hookeri) at Enderby Island, in the New Zealand sub-Antarctic. Accounting for approximately 60% of annual pup mortality at this site following an epizootic event in 2001–02, HV K. pneumoniae is also emerging worldwide as a significant community-acquired human pathogen. To facilitate efficient direct mitigation to reduce pup mortality, a case-control study and prospective cohort study were conducted to identify risk factors amenable to active management. Additionally, to investigate impacts of hookworm (Uncinaria spp.), a nested treatment trial with the anthelmintic ivermectin was undertaken concurrently. During two austral summer field seasons (2016–2018), 698 pups were captured for treatment trial recruitment and the collection of morphometric measurements, biological samples and risk factor data. Gastrointestinal carriage of the virulent phenotype of K. pneumoniae was a consistent risk factor, while ivermectin treatment and higher body condition index consistently reduced risk of HV K. pneumoniae mortality. Significantly fewer ivermectin-treated pups were found dead (24.1% control, 11.1% treatment), with a trend towards a higher proportion of HV K. pneumoniae deaths amongst the control group. This study provides evidence to support ivermectin treatment as a pup mortality mitigation strategy in New Zealand sea lions at Enderby Island. If applied to larger colonies where HV K. pneumoniae and hookworm impact pup survival, this intervention could have population-scale benefits for this endangered species. Further work is required to understand how ivermectin prevents HV K. pneumoniae septicaemia, but removal of hookworms before intestinal mucosal damage occurs could limit systemic spread of virulent bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract. |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Sarah A. Michael David T. S. Hayman Rachael Gray Wendi D. Roe |
author_facet |
Sarah A. Michael David T. S. Hayman Rachael Gray Wendi D. Roe |
author_sort |
Sarah A. Michael |
title |
Table_3_Risk Factors for New Zealand Sea Lion (Phocarctos hookeri) Pup Mortality: Ivermectin Improves Survival for Conservation Management.DOCX |
title_short |
Table_3_Risk Factors for New Zealand Sea Lion (Phocarctos hookeri) Pup Mortality: Ivermectin Improves Survival for Conservation Management.DOCX |
title_full |
Table_3_Risk Factors for New Zealand Sea Lion (Phocarctos hookeri) Pup Mortality: Ivermectin Improves Survival for Conservation Management.DOCX |
title_fullStr |
Table_3_Risk Factors for New Zealand Sea Lion (Phocarctos hookeri) Pup Mortality: Ivermectin Improves Survival for Conservation Management.DOCX |
title_full_unstemmed |
Table_3_Risk Factors for New Zealand Sea Lion (Phocarctos hookeri) Pup Mortality: Ivermectin Improves Survival for Conservation Management.DOCX |
title_sort |
table_3_risk factors for new zealand sea lion (phocarctos hookeri) pup mortality: ivermectin improves survival for conservation management.docx |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.680678.s004 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_3_Risk_Factors_for_New_Zealand_Sea_Lion_Phocarctos_hookeri_Pup_Mortality_Ivermectin_Improves_Survival_for_Conservation_Management_DOCX/14936898 |
geographic |
Antarctic Austral New Zealand |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Austral New Zealand |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Enderby Island |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Enderby Island |
op_relation |
doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.680678.s004 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_3_Risk_Factors_for_New_Zealand_Sea_Lion_Phocarctos_hookeri_Pup_Mortality_Ivermectin_Improves_Survival_for_Conservation_Management_DOCX/14936898 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.680678.s004 |
_version_ |
1766274429221863424 |