Table_1_Surface Microornamentation of Demosponge Sterraster Spicules, Phylogenetic and Paleontological Implications.docx
Siliceous spicules in demosponges exist in a variety of shapes, some of which look like minute spheres of glass. They are called “sterrasters” when they belong to the Geodiidae family (Tetractinellida order) and “selenasters” when they belong to the Placospongiidae family (Clionaida order). Today, t...
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ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/13372142 2023-05-15T13:30:57+02:00 Table_1_Surface Microornamentation of Demosponge Sterraster Spicules, Phylogenetic and Paleontological Implications.docx Paco Cárdenas 2020-12-14T05:24:38Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.613610.s004 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Surface_Microornamentation_of_Demosponge_Sterraster_Spicules_Phylogenetic_and_Paleontological_Implications_docx/13372142 unknown doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.613610.s004 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Surface_Microornamentation_of_Demosponge_Sterraster_Spicules_Phylogenetic_and_Paleontological_Implications_docx/13372142 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering Porifera systematics Geodia Placospongia Rhaxella microfossils sterrasters selenasters Dataset 2020 ftfrontimediafig https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.613610.s004 2020-12-16T23:57:47Z Siliceous spicules in demosponges exist in a variety of shapes, some of which look like minute spheres of glass. They are called “sterrasters” when they belong to the Geodiidae family (Tetractinellida order) and “selenasters” when they belong to the Placospongiidae family (Clionaida order). Today, the Geodiidae represent a highly diverse sponge family with more than 340 species, occurring in shallow to deep waters worldwide, except for the Antarctic. The molecular phylogeny of Geodiidae is currently difficult to interpret because we are lacking morphological characters to support most of its clades. To fill this knowledge gap, the surface microornamentations of sterrasters were compared in different genera. Observations with scanning electron microscopy revealed four types of surfaces, which remarkably matched some of the Geodiidae genera: type I characteristic of Geodia, type II characteristic of Pachymatisma, Caminus, and some Erylus; type III characteristic of other Erylus; type IV characteristic of Caminella. Two subtypes were identified in Geodia species: warty vs. smooth rosettes. These different microornamentations were mapped on new Geodiidae COI (Folmer fragment) and 28S (C1–D2) phylogenetic trees. The monophyly of the Geodiidae was once again challenged, thereby suggesting that sterrasters have evolved independently at least three times: in the Geodiinae, in the Erylinae and in Caminella. Surface microornamentations were used to review the fossil record of sterrasters and selenasters through the paleontology literature and examination of fossils. It was concluded that “rhaxes” in the literature may represent mixes of sterrasters and selenasters: while Rhaxella spicules may belong to the Placospongiidae, Rhaxelloides spicules belong to the Geodiidae. The putative Geodiidae fossil genera, Geoditesia, and Geodiopsis, are reallocated to Tetractinellida incertae sedis. Isolated Miocene-Pliocene fossil sterrasters Hataina (Huang, 1967), Silicosphaera (Hughes, 1985) and Conciliaspongia (Robinson and Haslett, ... Dataset Antarc* Antarctic Frontiers: Figshare Antarctic The Antarctic Folmer ENVELOPE(12.601,12.601,64.648,64.648) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Frontiers: Figshare |
op_collection_id |
ftfrontimediafig |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering Porifera systematics Geodia Placospongia Rhaxella microfossils sterrasters selenasters |
spellingShingle |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering Porifera systematics Geodia Placospongia Rhaxella microfossils sterrasters selenasters Paco Cárdenas Table_1_Surface Microornamentation of Demosponge Sterraster Spicules, Phylogenetic and Paleontological Implications.docx |
topic_facet |
Oceanography Marine Biology Marine Geoscience Biological Oceanography Chemical Oceanography Physical Oceanography Marine Engineering Porifera systematics Geodia Placospongia Rhaxella microfossils sterrasters selenasters |
description |
Siliceous spicules in demosponges exist in a variety of shapes, some of which look like minute spheres of glass. They are called “sterrasters” when they belong to the Geodiidae family (Tetractinellida order) and “selenasters” when they belong to the Placospongiidae family (Clionaida order). Today, the Geodiidae represent a highly diverse sponge family with more than 340 species, occurring in shallow to deep waters worldwide, except for the Antarctic. The molecular phylogeny of Geodiidae is currently difficult to interpret because we are lacking morphological characters to support most of its clades. To fill this knowledge gap, the surface microornamentations of sterrasters were compared in different genera. Observations with scanning electron microscopy revealed four types of surfaces, which remarkably matched some of the Geodiidae genera: type I characteristic of Geodia, type II characteristic of Pachymatisma, Caminus, and some Erylus; type III characteristic of other Erylus; type IV characteristic of Caminella. Two subtypes were identified in Geodia species: warty vs. smooth rosettes. These different microornamentations were mapped on new Geodiidae COI (Folmer fragment) and 28S (C1–D2) phylogenetic trees. The monophyly of the Geodiidae was once again challenged, thereby suggesting that sterrasters have evolved independently at least three times: in the Geodiinae, in the Erylinae and in Caminella. Surface microornamentations were used to review the fossil record of sterrasters and selenasters through the paleontology literature and examination of fossils. It was concluded that “rhaxes” in the literature may represent mixes of sterrasters and selenasters: while Rhaxella spicules may belong to the Placospongiidae, Rhaxelloides spicules belong to the Geodiidae. The putative Geodiidae fossil genera, Geoditesia, and Geodiopsis, are reallocated to Tetractinellida incertae sedis. Isolated Miocene-Pliocene fossil sterrasters Hataina (Huang, 1967), Silicosphaera (Hughes, 1985) and Conciliaspongia (Robinson and Haslett, ... |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Paco Cárdenas |
author_facet |
Paco Cárdenas |
author_sort |
Paco Cárdenas |
title |
Table_1_Surface Microornamentation of Demosponge Sterraster Spicules, Phylogenetic and Paleontological Implications.docx |
title_short |
Table_1_Surface Microornamentation of Demosponge Sterraster Spicules, Phylogenetic and Paleontological Implications.docx |
title_full |
Table_1_Surface Microornamentation of Demosponge Sterraster Spicules, Phylogenetic and Paleontological Implications.docx |
title_fullStr |
Table_1_Surface Microornamentation of Demosponge Sterraster Spicules, Phylogenetic and Paleontological Implications.docx |
title_full_unstemmed |
Table_1_Surface Microornamentation of Demosponge Sterraster Spicules, Phylogenetic and Paleontological Implications.docx |
title_sort |
table_1_surface microornamentation of demosponge sterraster spicules, phylogenetic and paleontological implications.docx |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.613610.s004 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Surface_Microornamentation_of_Demosponge_Sterraster_Spicules_Phylogenetic_and_Paleontological_Implications_docx/13372142 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(12.601,12.601,64.648,64.648) |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic Folmer |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic Folmer |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_relation |
doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.613610.s004 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_Surface_Microornamentation_of_Demosponge_Sterraster_Spicules_Phylogenetic_and_Paleontological_Implications_docx/13372142 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.613610.s004 |
_version_ |
1766014469662572544 |