table2_Glacier Changes in Iceland From ∼1890 to 2019.xlsx
The volume of glaciers in Iceland (∼3,400 km3 in 2019) corresponds to about 9 mm of potential global sea level rise. In this study, observations from 98.7% of glacier covered areas in Iceland (in 2019) are used to construct a record of mass change of Icelandic glaciers since the end of the 19th cent...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.523646.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/table2_Glacier_Changes_in_Iceland_From_1890_to_2019_xlsx/13291706 |
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ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/13291706 2023-05-15T16:21:41+02:00 table2_Glacier Changes in Iceland From ∼1890 to 2019.xlsx Guðfinna Aðalgeirsdóttir Eyjólfur Magnússon Finnur Pálsson Thorsteinn Thorsteinsson Joaquín M. C. Belart Tómas Jóhannesson Hrafnhildur Hannesdóttir Oddur Sigurðsson Andri Gunnarsson Bergur Einarsson Etienne Berthier Louise Steffensen Schmidt Hannes H. Haraldsson Helgi Björnsson 2020-11-26T06:08:46Z https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.523646.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/table2_Glacier_Changes_in_Iceland_From_1890_to_2019_xlsx/13291706 unknown doi:10.3389/feart.2020.523646.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/table2_Glacier_Changes_in_Iceland_From_1890_to_2019_xlsx/13291706 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Solid Earth Sciences Climate Science Atmospheric Sciences not elsewhere classified Exploration Geochemistry Inorganic Geochemistry Isotope Geochemistry Organic Geochemistry Geochemistry not elsewhere classified Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology Ore Deposit Petrology Palaeontology (incl. Palynology) Structural Geology Tectonics Volcanology Geology not elsewhere classified Seismology and Seismic Exploration Glaciology Hydrogeology Natural Hazards Quaternary Environments Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified Evolutionary Impacts of Climate Change mass balance glaciers climate Iceland glacier–climate relationship Dataset 2020 ftfrontimediafig https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.523646.s002 2020-12-02T23:58:54Z The volume of glaciers in Iceland (∼3,400 km3 in 2019) corresponds to about 9 mm of potential global sea level rise. In this study, observations from 98.7% of glacier covered areas in Iceland (in 2019) are used to construct a record of mass change of Icelandic glaciers since the end of the 19th century i.e. the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA) in Iceland. Glaciological (in situ) mass-balance measurements have been conducted on Vatnajökull, Langjökull, and Hofsjökull since the glaciological years 1991/92, 1996/97, and 1987/88, respectively. Geodetic mass balance for multiple glaciers and many periods has been estimated from reconstructed surface maps, published maps, aerial photographs, declassified spy satellite images, modern satellite stereo imagery, and airborne lidar. To estimate the maximum glacier volume at the end of the LIA, a volume–area scaling method is used based on the observed area and volume from the three largest ice caps (over 90% of total ice mass) at 5–7 different times each, in total 19 points. The combined record shows a total mass change of −540 ± 130 Gt (−4.2 ± 1.0 Gt a−1 on average) during the study period (1890/91 to 2018/19). This mass loss corresponds to 1.50 ± 0.36 mm sea level equivalent or 16 ± 4% of mass stored in Icelandic glaciers around 1890. Almost half of the total mass change occurred in 1994/95 to 2018/19, or −240 ± 20 Gt (−9.6 ± 0.8 Gt a−1 on average), with most rapid loss in 1994/95 to 2009/10 (mass change rate −11.6 ± 0.8 Gt a−1). During the relatively warm period 1930/31–1949/50, mass loss rates were probably close to those observed since 1994, and in the colder period 1980/81–1993/94, the glaciers gained mass at a rate of 1.5 ± 1.0 Gt a−1. For other periods of this study, the glaciers were either close to equilibrium or experienced mild loss rates. For the periods of AR6 IPCC, the mass change rates are −3.1 ± 1.1 Gt a−1 for 1900/01–1989/90, −4.3 ± 1.0 Gt a−1 for 1970/71–2017/18, −8.3 ± 0.8 Gt a−1 for 1992/93–2017/18, and −7.6 ± 0.8 Gt a−1 for 2005/06–2017/18. Dataset glacier Hofsjökull Iceland Langjökull Vatnajökull Frontiers: Figshare Vatnajökull ENVELOPE(-16.823,-16.823,64.420,64.420) Langjökull ENVELOPE(-20.145,-20.145,64.654,64.654) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Frontiers: Figshare |
op_collection_id |
ftfrontimediafig |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Solid Earth Sciences Climate Science Atmospheric Sciences not elsewhere classified Exploration Geochemistry Inorganic Geochemistry Isotope Geochemistry Organic Geochemistry Geochemistry not elsewhere classified Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology Ore Deposit Petrology Palaeontology (incl. Palynology) Structural Geology Tectonics Volcanology Geology not elsewhere classified Seismology and Seismic Exploration Glaciology Hydrogeology Natural Hazards Quaternary Environments Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified Evolutionary Impacts of Climate Change mass balance glaciers climate Iceland glacier–climate relationship |
spellingShingle |
Solid Earth Sciences Climate Science Atmospheric Sciences not elsewhere classified Exploration Geochemistry Inorganic Geochemistry Isotope Geochemistry Organic Geochemistry Geochemistry not elsewhere classified Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology Ore Deposit Petrology Palaeontology (incl. Palynology) Structural Geology Tectonics Volcanology Geology not elsewhere classified Seismology and Seismic Exploration Glaciology Hydrogeology Natural Hazards Quaternary Environments Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified Evolutionary Impacts of Climate Change mass balance glaciers climate Iceland glacier–climate relationship Guðfinna Aðalgeirsdóttir Eyjólfur Magnússon Finnur Pálsson Thorsteinn Thorsteinsson Joaquín M. C. Belart Tómas Jóhannesson Hrafnhildur Hannesdóttir Oddur Sigurðsson Andri Gunnarsson Bergur Einarsson Etienne Berthier Louise Steffensen Schmidt Hannes H. Haraldsson Helgi Björnsson table2_Glacier Changes in Iceland From ∼1890 to 2019.xlsx |
topic_facet |
Solid Earth Sciences Climate Science Atmospheric Sciences not elsewhere classified Exploration Geochemistry Inorganic Geochemistry Isotope Geochemistry Organic Geochemistry Geochemistry not elsewhere classified Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology Ore Deposit Petrology Palaeontology (incl. Palynology) Structural Geology Tectonics Volcanology Geology not elsewhere classified Seismology and Seismic Exploration Glaciology Hydrogeology Natural Hazards Quaternary Environments Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified Evolutionary Impacts of Climate Change mass balance glaciers climate Iceland glacier–climate relationship |
description |
The volume of glaciers in Iceland (∼3,400 km3 in 2019) corresponds to about 9 mm of potential global sea level rise. In this study, observations from 98.7% of glacier covered areas in Iceland (in 2019) are used to construct a record of mass change of Icelandic glaciers since the end of the 19th century i.e. the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA) in Iceland. Glaciological (in situ) mass-balance measurements have been conducted on Vatnajökull, Langjökull, and Hofsjökull since the glaciological years 1991/92, 1996/97, and 1987/88, respectively. Geodetic mass balance for multiple glaciers and many periods has been estimated from reconstructed surface maps, published maps, aerial photographs, declassified spy satellite images, modern satellite stereo imagery, and airborne lidar. To estimate the maximum glacier volume at the end of the LIA, a volume–area scaling method is used based on the observed area and volume from the three largest ice caps (over 90% of total ice mass) at 5–7 different times each, in total 19 points. The combined record shows a total mass change of −540 ± 130 Gt (−4.2 ± 1.0 Gt a−1 on average) during the study period (1890/91 to 2018/19). This mass loss corresponds to 1.50 ± 0.36 mm sea level equivalent or 16 ± 4% of mass stored in Icelandic glaciers around 1890. Almost half of the total mass change occurred in 1994/95 to 2018/19, or −240 ± 20 Gt (−9.6 ± 0.8 Gt a−1 on average), with most rapid loss in 1994/95 to 2009/10 (mass change rate −11.6 ± 0.8 Gt a−1). During the relatively warm period 1930/31–1949/50, mass loss rates were probably close to those observed since 1994, and in the colder period 1980/81–1993/94, the glaciers gained mass at a rate of 1.5 ± 1.0 Gt a−1. For other periods of this study, the glaciers were either close to equilibrium or experienced mild loss rates. For the periods of AR6 IPCC, the mass change rates are −3.1 ± 1.1 Gt a−1 for 1900/01–1989/90, −4.3 ± 1.0 Gt a−1 for 1970/71–2017/18, −8.3 ± 0.8 Gt a−1 for 1992/93–2017/18, and −7.6 ± 0.8 Gt a−1 for 2005/06–2017/18. |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Guðfinna Aðalgeirsdóttir Eyjólfur Magnússon Finnur Pálsson Thorsteinn Thorsteinsson Joaquín M. C. Belart Tómas Jóhannesson Hrafnhildur Hannesdóttir Oddur Sigurðsson Andri Gunnarsson Bergur Einarsson Etienne Berthier Louise Steffensen Schmidt Hannes H. Haraldsson Helgi Björnsson |
author_facet |
Guðfinna Aðalgeirsdóttir Eyjólfur Magnússon Finnur Pálsson Thorsteinn Thorsteinsson Joaquín M. C. Belart Tómas Jóhannesson Hrafnhildur Hannesdóttir Oddur Sigurðsson Andri Gunnarsson Bergur Einarsson Etienne Berthier Louise Steffensen Schmidt Hannes H. Haraldsson Helgi Björnsson |
author_sort |
Guðfinna Aðalgeirsdóttir |
title |
table2_Glacier Changes in Iceland From ∼1890 to 2019.xlsx |
title_short |
table2_Glacier Changes in Iceland From ∼1890 to 2019.xlsx |
title_full |
table2_Glacier Changes in Iceland From ∼1890 to 2019.xlsx |
title_fullStr |
table2_Glacier Changes in Iceland From ∼1890 to 2019.xlsx |
title_full_unstemmed |
table2_Glacier Changes in Iceland From ∼1890 to 2019.xlsx |
title_sort |
table2_glacier changes in iceland from ∼1890 to 2019.xlsx |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.523646.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/table2_Glacier_Changes_in_Iceland_From_1890_to_2019_xlsx/13291706 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-16.823,-16.823,64.420,64.420) ENVELOPE(-20.145,-20.145,64.654,64.654) |
geographic |
Vatnajökull Langjökull |
geographic_facet |
Vatnajökull Langjökull |
genre |
glacier Hofsjökull Iceland Langjökull Vatnajökull |
genre_facet |
glacier Hofsjökull Iceland Langjökull Vatnajökull |
op_relation |
doi:10.3389/feart.2020.523646.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/table2_Glacier_Changes_in_Iceland_From_1890_to_2019_xlsx/13291706 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.523646.s002 |
_version_ |
1766009678654865408 |