Image_2_miRNAs Predicted to Regulate Host Anti-viral Gene Pathways in IPNV-Challenged Atlantic Salmon Fry Are Affected by Viral Load, and Associated With the Major IPN Resistance QTL Genotypes in Late Infection.JPEG
Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) infection has been a major problem in salmonid aquaculture. Marker-assisted selection of individuals with resistant genotype at the major IPN quantitative trait locus (IPN-QTL) has significantly reduced mortality in recent years. We have identified host mi...
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ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/12941345 2023-05-15T15:32:22+02:00 Image_2_miRNAs Predicted to Regulate Host Anti-viral Gene Pathways in IPNV-Challenged Atlantic Salmon Fry Are Affected by Viral Load, and Associated With the Major IPN Resistance QTL Genotypes in Late Infection.JPEG Nardos Tesfaye Woldemariam Oleg Agafonov Hilde Sindre Bjørn Høyheim Ross D. Houston Diego Robledo James E. Bron Rune Andreassen 2020-09-11T04:25:45Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.02113.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_2_miRNAs_Predicted_to_Regulate_Host_Anti-viral_Gene_Pathways_in_IPNV-Challenged_Atlantic_Salmon_Fry_Are_Affected_by_Viral_Load_and_Associated_With_the_Major_IPN_Resistance_QTL_Genotypes_in_Late_Infection_JPEG/12941345 unknown doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.02113.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_2_miRNAs_Predicted_to_Regulate_Host_Anti-viral_Gene_Pathways_in_IPNV-Challenged_Atlantic_Salmon_Fry_Are_Affected_by_Viral_Load_and_Associated_With_the_Major_IPN_Resistance_QTL_Genotypes_in_Late_Infection_JPEG/12941345 Immunology Applied Immunology (incl. Antibody Engineering Xenotransplantation and T-cell Therapies) Autoimmunity Cellular Immunology Humoural Immunology and Immunochemistry Immunogenetics (incl. Genetic Immunology) Innate Immunity Transplantation Immunology Tumour Immunology Immunology not elsewhere classified Genetic Immunology Animal Immunology Veterinary Immunology Atlantic salmon microRNA IPNV immune response host-virus interactions Image Figure 2020 ftfrontimediafig https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.02113.s002 2020-09-16T22:56:25Z Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) infection has been a major problem in salmonid aquaculture. Marker-assisted selection of individuals with resistant genotype at the major IPN quantitative trait locus (IPN-QTL) has significantly reduced mortality in recent years. We have identified host miRNAs that respond to IPNV challenge in salmon fry that were either homozygous resistant (RR) or homozygous susceptible (SS) for the IPN-QTL. Small RNA-sequenced control samples were compared to samples collected at 1, 7, and 20 days post challenge (dpc). This revealed 72 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs). Viral load (VL) was lower in RR vs. SS individuals at 7 and 20 dpc. However, analysis of miRNA expression changes revealed no differences between RR vs. SS individuals in controls, at 1 or 7 dpc, while 38 “high viral load responding” miRNAs (HVL-DE miRNAs) were identified at 20 dpc. Most of the HVL-DE miRNAs showed changes that were more pronounced in the high VL SS group than in the low VL RR group when compared to the controls. The absence of differences between QTL groups in controls, 1 and 7 dpc indicates that the QTL genotype does not affect miRNA expression in healthy fish or their first response to viral infections. The miRNA differences at 20 dpc were associated with the QTL genotype and could, possibly, contribute to differences in resistance/susceptibility at the later stage of infection. In silico target gene predictions revealed that 180 immune genes were putative targets, and enrichment analysis indicated that the miRNAs may regulate several major immune system pathways. Among the targets of HVL-DE miRNAs were IRF3, STAT4, NFKB2, MYD88, and IKKA. Interestingly, TNF-alpha paralogs were targeted by different DE miRNAs. Most DE miRNAs were from conserved miRNA families that respond to viral infections in teleost (e.g., miR-21, miR-146, miR-181, miR-192, miR-221, miR-462, miR-731, and miR-8159), while eight were species specific. The miRNAs showed dynamic temporal changes implying they would affect ... Still Image Atlantic salmon Frontiers: Figshare Ikka ENVELOPE(-48.100,-48.100,61.150,61.150) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Frontiers: Figshare |
op_collection_id |
ftfrontimediafig |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Immunology Applied Immunology (incl. Antibody Engineering Xenotransplantation and T-cell Therapies) Autoimmunity Cellular Immunology Humoural Immunology and Immunochemistry Immunogenetics (incl. Genetic Immunology) Innate Immunity Transplantation Immunology Tumour Immunology Immunology not elsewhere classified Genetic Immunology Animal Immunology Veterinary Immunology Atlantic salmon microRNA IPNV immune response host-virus interactions |
spellingShingle |
Immunology Applied Immunology (incl. Antibody Engineering Xenotransplantation and T-cell Therapies) Autoimmunity Cellular Immunology Humoural Immunology and Immunochemistry Immunogenetics (incl. Genetic Immunology) Innate Immunity Transplantation Immunology Tumour Immunology Immunology not elsewhere classified Genetic Immunology Animal Immunology Veterinary Immunology Atlantic salmon microRNA IPNV immune response host-virus interactions Nardos Tesfaye Woldemariam Oleg Agafonov Hilde Sindre Bjørn Høyheim Ross D. Houston Diego Robledo James E. Bron Rune Andreassen Image_2_miRNAs Predicted to Regulate Host Anti-viral Gene Pathways in IPNV-Challenged Atlantic Salmon Fry Are Affected by Viral Load, and Associated With the Major IPN Resistance QTL Genotypes in Late Infection.JPEG |
topic_facet |
Immunology Applied Immunology (incl. Antibody Engineering Xenotransplantation and T-cell Therapies) Autoimmunity Cellular Immunology Humoural Immunology and Immunochemistry Immunogenetics (incl. Genetic Immunology) Innate Immunity Transplantation Immunology Tumour Immunology Immunology not elsewhere classified Genetic Immunology Animal Immunology Veterinary Immunology Atlantic salmon microRNA IPNV immune response host-virus interactions |
description |
Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) infection has been a major problem in salmonid aquaculture. Marker-assisted selection of individuals with resistant genotype at the major IPN quantitative trait locus (IPN-QTL) has significantly reduced mortality in recent years. We have identified host miRNAs that respond to IPNV challenge in salmon fry that were either homozygous resistant (RR) or homozygous susceptible (SS) for the IPN-QTL. Small RNA-sequenced control samples were compared to samples collected at 1, 7, and 20 days post challenge (dpc). This revealed 72 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs). Viral load (VL) was lower in RR vs. SS individuals at 7 and 20 dpc. However, analysis of miRNA expression changes revealed no differences between RR vs. SS individuals in controls, at 1 or 7 dpc, while 38 “high viral load responding” miRNAs (HVL-DE miRNAs) were identified at 20 dpc. Most of the HVL-DE miRNAs showed changes that were more pronounced in the high VL SS group than in the low VL RR group when compared to the controls. The absence of differences between QTL groups in controls, 1 and 7 dpc indicates that the QTL genotype does not affect miRNA expression in healthy fish or their first response to viral infections. The miRNA differences at 20 dpc were associated with the QTL genotype and could, possibly, contribute to differences in resistance/susceptibility at the later stage of infection. In silico target gene predictions revealed that 180 immune genes were putative targets, and enrichment analysis indicated that the miRNAs may regulate several major immune system pathways. Among the targets of HVL-DE miRNAs were IRF3, STAT4, NFKB2, MYD88, and IKKA. Interestingly, TNF-alpha paralogs were targeted by different DE miRNAs. Most DE miRNAs were from conserved miRNA families that respond to viral infections in teleost (e.g., miR-21, miR-146, miR-181, miR-192, miR-221, miR-462, miR-731, and miR-8159), while eight were species specific. The miRNAs showed dynamic temporal changes implying they would affect ... |
format |
Still Image |
author |
Nardos Tesfaye Woldemariam Oleg Agafonov Hilde Sindre Bjørn Høyheim Ross D. Houston Diego Robledo James E. Bron Rune Andreassen |
author_facet |
Nardos Tesfaye Woldemariam Oleg Agafonov Hilde Sindre Bjørn Høyheim Ross D. Houston Diego Robledo James E. Bron Rune Andreassen |
author_sort |
Nardos Tesfaye Woldemariam |
title |
Image_2_miRNAs Predicted to Regulate Host Anti-viral Gene Pathways in IPNV-Challenged Atlantic Salmon Fry Are Affected by Viral Load, and Associated With the Major IPN Resistance QTL Genotypes in Late Infection.JPEG |
title_short |
Image_2_miRNAs Predicted to Regulate Host Anti-viral Gene Pathways in IPNV-Challenged Atlantic Salmon Fry Are Affected by Viral Load, and Associated With the Major IPN Resistance QTL Genotypes in Late Infection.JPEG |
title_full |
Image_2_miRNAs Predicted to Regulate Host Anti-viral Gene Pathways in IPNV-Challenged Atlantic Salmon Fry Are Affected by Viral Load, and Associated With the Major IPN Resistance QTL Genotypes in Late Infection.JPEG |
title_fullStr |
Image_2_miRNAs Predicted to Regulate Host Anti-viral Gene Pathways in IPNV-Challenged Atlantic Salmon Fry Are Affected by Viral Load, and Associated With the Major IPN Resistance QTL Genotypes in Late Infection.JPEG |
title_full_unstemmed |
Image_2_miRNAs Predicted to Regulate Host Anti-viral Gene Pathways in IPNV-Challenged Atlantic Salmon Fry Are Affected by Viral Load, and Associated With the Major IPN Resistance QTL Genotypes in Late Infection.JPEG |
title_sort |
image_2_mirnas predicted to regulate host anti-viral gene pathways in ipnv-challenged atlantic salmon fry are affected by viral load, and associated with the major ipn resistance qtl genotypes in late infection.jpeg |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.02113.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_2_miRNAs_Predicted_to_Regulate_Host_Anti-viral_Gene_Pathways_in_IPNV-Challenged_Atlantic_Salmon_Fry_Are_Affected_by_Viral_Load_and_Associated_With_the_Major_IPN_Resistance_QTL_Genotypes_in_Late_Infection_JPEG/12941345 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-48.100,-48.100,61.150,61.150) |
geographic |
Ikka |
geographic_facet |
Ikka |
genre |
Atlantic salmon |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon |
op_relation |
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.02113.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_2_miRNAs_Predicted_to_Regulate_Host_Anti-viral_Gene_Pathways_in_IPNV-Challenged_Atlantic_Salmon_Fry_Are_Affected_by_Viral_Load_and_Associated_With_the_Major_IPN_Resistance_QTL_Genotypes_in_Late_Infection_JPEG/12941345 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.02113.s002 |
_version_ |
1766362872828395520 |