Image_2_Optimization of Glycolipid Synthesis in Hydrophilic Deep Eutectic Solvents.JPEG
Glycolipids are considered an alternative to petrochemically based surfactants because they are non-toxic, biodegradable, and less harmful to the environment while having comparable surface-active properties. They can be produced chemically or enzymatically in organic solvents or in deep eutectic so...
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ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/12247685 2023-05-15T13:32:10+02:00 Image_2_Optimization of Glycolipid Synthesis in Hydrophilic Deep Eutectic Solvents.JPEG Rebecca Hollenbach Benjamin Bindereif Ulrike S. van der Schaaf Katrin Ochsenreither Christoph Syldatk 2020-05-05T05:15:14Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00382.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/Image_2_Optimization_of_Glycolipid_Synthesis_in_Hydrophilic_Deep_Eutectic_Solvents_JPEG/12247685 unknown doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.00382.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/Image_2_Optimization_of_Glycolipid_Synthesis_in_Hydrophilic_Deep_Eutectic_Solvents_JPEG/12247685 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Biotechnology Biological Engineering Genetic Engineering Biomarkers Biomaterials Biomechanical Engineering Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified Synthetic Biology Agricultural Marine Biotechnology Bioremediation Bioprocessing Bioproduction and Bioproducts Industrial Biotechnology Diagnostics (incl. Biosensors) Industrial Microbiology (incl. Biofeedstocks) Industrial Molecular Engineering of Nucleic Acids and Proteins Industrial Biotechnology not elsewhere classified Medical Biotechnology Diagnostics (incl. Biosensors) Medical Molecular Engineering of Nucleic Acids and Proteins Regenerative Medicine (incl. Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering) Medical Biotechnology not elsewhere classified glycolipid deep eutectic solvents enzymatic synthesis mass transfer viscosity Candida antarctica lipase B Image Figure 2020 ftfrontimediafig https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00382.s002 2020-05-06T22:53:43Z Glycolipids are considered an alternative to petrochemically based surfactants because they are non-toxic, biodegradable, and less harmful to the environment while having comparable surface-active properties. They can be produced chemically or enzymatically in organic solvents or in deep eutectic solvents (DES) from renewable resources. DES are non-flammable, non-volatile, biodegradable, and almost non-toxic. Unlike organic solvents, sugars are easily soluble in hydrophilic DES. However, DES are highly viscous systems and restricted mass transfer is likely to be a major limiting factor for their application. Limiting factors for glycolipid synthesis in DES are not generally well understood. Therefore, the influence of external mass transfer, fatty acid concentration, and distribution on initial reaction velocity in two hydrophilic DES (choline:urea and choline:glucose) was investigated. At agitation speeds of and higher than 60 rpm, the viscosity of both DES did not limit external mass transfer. Fatty acid concentration of 0.5 M resulted in highest initial reaction velocity while higher concentrations had negative effects. Fatty acid accessibility was identified as a limiting factor for glycolipid synthesis in hydrophilic DES. Mean droplet sizes of fatty acid-DES emulsions can be significantly decreased by ultrasonic pretreatment resulting in significantly increased initial reaction velocity and yield (from 0.15 ± 0.03 μmol glucose monodecanoate/g DES to 0.57 ± 0.03 μmol/g) in the choline: urea DES. The study clearly indicates that fatty acid accessibility is a limiting factor in enzymatic glycolipid synthesis in DES. Furthermore, it was shown that physical pretreatment of fatty acid-DES emulsions is mandatory to improve the availability of fatty acids. Still Image Antarc* Antarctica Frontiers: Figshare |
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Frontiers: Figshare |
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topic |
Biotechnology Biological Engineering Genetic Engineering Biomarkers Biomaterials Biomechanical Engineering Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified Synthetic Biology Agricultural Marine Biotechnology Bioremediation Bioprocessing Bioproduction and Bioproducts Industrial Biotechnology Diagnostics (incl. Biosensors) Industrial Microbiology (incl. Biofeedstocks) Industrial Molecular Engineering of Nucleic Acids and Proteins Industrial Biotechnology not elsewhere classified Medical Biotechnology Diagnostics (incl. Biosensors) Medical Molecular Engineering of Nucleic Acids and Proteins Regenerative Medicine (incl. Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering) Medical Biotechnology not elsewhere classified glycolipid deep eutectic solvents enzymatic synthesis mass transfer viscosity Candida antarctica lipase B |
spellingShingle |
Biotechnology Biological Engineering Genetic Engineering Biomarkers Biomaterials Biomechanical Engineering Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified Synthetic Biology Agricultural Marine Biotechnology Bioremediation Bioprocessing Bioproduction and Bioproducts Industrial Biotechnology Diagnostics (incl. Biosensors) Industrial Microbiology (incl. Biofeedstocks) Industrial Molecular Engineering of Nucleic Acids and Proteins Industrial Biotechnology not elsewhere classified Medical Biotechnology Diagnostics (incl. Biosensors) Medical Molecular Engineering of Nucleic Acids and Proteins Regenerative Medicine (incl. Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering) Medical Biotechnology not elsewhere classified glycolipid deep eutectic solvents enzymatic synthesis mass transfer viscosity Candida antarctica lipase B Rebecca Hollenbach Benjamin Bindereif Ulrike S. van der Schaaf Katrin Ochsenreither Christoph Syldatk Image_2_Optimization of Glycolipid Synthesis in Hydrophilic Deep Eutectic Solvents.JPEG |
topic_facet |
Biotechnology Biological Engineering Genetic Engineering Biomarkers Biomaterials Biomechanical Engineering Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified Synthetic Biology Agricultural Marine Biotechnology Bioremediation Bioprocessing Bioproduction and Bioproducts Industrial Biotechnology Diagnostics (incl. Biosensors) Industrial Microbiology (incl. Biofeedstocks) Industrial Molecular Engineering of Nucleic Acids and Proteins Industrial Biotechnology not elsewhere classified Medical Biotechnology Diagnostics (incl. Biosensors) Medical Molecular Engineering of Nucleic Acids and Proteins Regenerative Medicine (incl. Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering) Medical Biotechnology not elsewhere classified glycolipid deep eutectic solvents enzymatic synthesis mass transfer viscosity Candida antarctica lipase B |
description |
Glycolipids are considered an alternative to petrochemically based surfactants because they are non-toxic, biodegradable, and less harmful to the environment while having comparable surface-active properties. They can be produced chemically or enzymatically in organic solvents or in deep eutectic solvents (DES) from renewable resources. DES are non-flammable, non-volatile, biodegradable, and almost non-toxic. Unlike organic solvents, sugars are easily soluble in hydrophilic DES. However, DES are highly viscous systems and restricted mass transfer is likely to be a major limiting factor for their application. Limiting factors for glycolipid synthesis in DES are not generally well understood. Therefore, the influence of external mass transfer, fatty acid concentration, and distribution on initial reaction velocity in two hydrophilic DES (choline:urea and choline:glucose) was investigated. At agitation speeds of and higher than 60 rpm, the viscosity of both DES did not limit external mass transfer. Fatty acid concentration of 0.5 M resulted in highest initial reaction velocity while higher concentrations had negative effects. Fatty acid accessibility was identified as a limiting factor for glycolipid synthesis in hydrophilic DES. Mean droplet sizes of fatty acid-DES emulsions can be significantly decreased by ultrasonic pretreatment resulting in significantly increased initial reaction velocity and yield (from 0.15 ± 0.03 μmol glucose monodecanoate/g DES to 0.57 ± 0.03 μmol/g) in the choline: urea DES. The study clearly indicates that fatty acid accessibility is a limiting factor in enzymatic glycolipid synthesis in DES. Furthermore, it was shown that physical pretreatment of fatty acid-DES emulsions is mandatory to improve the availability of fatty acids. |
format |
Still Image |
author |
Rebecca Hollenbach Benjamin Bindereif Ulrike S. van der Schaaf Katrin Ochsenreither Christoph Syldatk |
author_facet |
Rebecca Hollenbach Benjamin Bindereif Ulrike S. van der Schaaf Katrin Ochsenreither Christoph Syldatk |
author_sort |
Rebecca Hollenbach |
title |
Image_2_Optimization of Glycolipid Synthesis in Hydrophilic Deep Eutectic Solvents.JPEG |
title_short |
Image_2_Optimization of Glycolipid Synthesis in Hydrophilic Deep Eutectic Solvents.JPEG |
title_full |
Image_2_Optimization of Glycolipid Synthesis in Hydrophilic Deep Eutectic Solvents.JPEG |
title_fullStr |
Image_2_Optimization of Glycolipid Synthesis in Hydrophilic Deep Eutectic Solvents.JPEG |
title_full_unstemmed |
Image_2_Optimization of Glycolipid Synthesis in Hydrophilic Deep Eutectic Solvents.JPEG |
title_sort |
image_2_optimization of glycolipid synthesis in hydrophilic deep eutectic solvents.jpeg |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00382.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/Image_2_Optimization_of_Glycolipid_Synthesis_in_Hydrophilic_Deep_Eutectic_Solvents_JPEG/12247685 |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica |
op_relation |
doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.00382.s002 https://figshare.com/articles/Image_2_Optimization_of_Glycolipid_Synthesis_in_Hydrophilic_Deep_Eutectic_Solvents_JPEG/12247685 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00382.s002 |
_version_ |
1766024732326494208 |