Table_1_Syn-Emplacement Fracturing in the Sandfell Laccolith, Eastern Iceland—Implications for Rhyolite Intrusion Growth and Volcanic Hazards.xlsx

Felsic magma commonly pools within shallow mushroom-shaped magmatic intrusions, so-called laccoliths or cryptodomes, which can cause both explosive eruptions and collapse of the volcanic edifice. Deformation during laccolith emplacement is primarily considered to occur in the host rock. However, sha...

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Main Authors: Tobias Mattsson, Steffi Burchardt, Bjarne S. G. Almqvist, Erika Ronchin
Format: Dataset
Language:unknown
Published: 2020
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00005.s008
https://figshare.com/articles/Table_1_Syn-Emplacement_Fracturing_in_the_Sandfell_Laccolith_Eastern_Iceland_Implications_for_Rhyolite_Intrusion_Growth_and_Volcanic_Hazards_xlsx/11950158
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spelling ftfrontimediafig:oai:figshare.com:article/11950158 2023-05-15T16:50:00+02:00 Table_1_Syn-Emplacement Fracturing in the Sandfell Laccolith, Eastern Iceland—Implications for Rhyolite Intrusion Growth and Volcanic Hazards.xlsx Tobias Mattsson Steffi Burchardt Bjarne S. G. Almqvist Erika Ronchin 2020-03-06T15:12:53Z https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00005.s008 https://figshare.com/articles/Table_1_Syn-Emplacement_Fracturing_in_the_Sandfell_Laccolith_Eastern_Iceland_Implications_for_Rhyolite_Intrusion_Growth_and_Volcanic_Hazards_xlsx/11950158 unknown doi:10.3389/feart.2018.00005.s008 https://figshare.com/articles/Table_1_Syn-Emplacement_Fracturing_in_the_Sandfell_Laccolith_Eastern_Iceland_Implications_for_Rhyolite_Intrusion_Growth_and_Volcanic_Hazards_xlsx/11950158 CC BY 4.0 CC-BY Solid Earth Sciences Climate Science Atmospheric Sciences not elsewhere classified Exploration Geochemistry Inorganic Geochemistry Isotope Geochemistry Organic Geochemistry Geochemistry not elsewhere classified Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology Ore Deposit Petrology Palaeontology (incl. Palynology) Structural Geology Tectonics Volcanology Geology not elsewhere classified Seismology and Seismic Exploration Glaciology Hydrogeology Natural Hazards Quaternary Environments Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified Evolutionary Impacts of Climate Change laccolith cryptodome magma flow intrusion emplacement strain localization magma degassing volcanic hazards Dataset 2020 ftfrontimediafig https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00005.s008 2020-03-11T23:53:18Z Felsic magma commonly pools within shallow mushroom-shaped magmatic intrusions, so-called laccoliths or cryptodomes, which can cause both explosive eruptions and collapse of the volcanic edifice. Deformation during laccolith emplacement is primarily considered to occur in the host rock. However, shallowly emplaced laccoliths (cryptodomes) show extensive internal deformation. While deformation of magma in volcanic conduits is an important process for regulating eruptive behavior, the effects of magma deformation on intrusion emplacement remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigate the emplacement of the 0.57 km 3 rhyolitic Sandfell laccolith, Iceland, which formed at a depth of 500 m in a single intrusive event. By combining field measurements, 3D modeling, anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS), microstructural analysis, and FEM modeling we examine deformation in the magma to constrain its influence on intrusion emplacement. Concentric flow bands and S-C fabrics reveal contact-parallel magma flow during the initial stages of laccolith inflation. The magma flow fabric is overprinted by strain-localization bands (SLBs) and more than one third of the volume of the Sandfell laccolith displays concentric intensely fractured layers. A dominantly oblate magmatic fabric in the fractured areas and conjugate geometry of SLBs, and fractures in the fracture layers demonstrate that the magma was deformed by intrusive stresses. This implies that a large volume of magma became viscously stalled and was unable to flow during intrusion. Fine-grained groundmass and vesicle-poor rock adjacent to the fracture layers point to that the interaction between the SLBs and the flow bands at sub-solidus state caused the brittle-failure and triggered decompression degassing and crystallization, which led to rapid viscosity increase in the magma. The extent of syn-emplacement fracturing in the Sandfell laccolith further shows that strain-induced degassing limited the amount of eruptible magma by essentially solidifying the ... Dataset Iceland Frontiers: Figshare
institution Open Polar
collection Frontiers: Figshare
op_collection_id ftfrontimediafig
language unknown
topic Solid Earth Sciences
Climate Science
Atmospheric Sciences not elsewhere classified
Exploration Geochemistry
Inorganic Geochemistry
Isotope Geochemistry
Organic Geochemistry
Geochemistry not elsewhere classified
Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology
Ore Deposit Petrology
Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
Structural Geology
Tectonics
Volcanology
Geology not elsewhere classified
Seismology and Seismic Exploration
Glaciology
Hydrogeology
Natural Hazards
Quaternary Environments
Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified
Evolutionary Impacts of Climate Change
laccolith
cryptodome
magma flow
intrusion emplacement
strain localization
magma degassing
volcanic hazards
spellingShingle Solid Earth Sciences
Climate Science
Atmospheric Sciences not elsewhere classified
Exploration Geochemistry
Inorganic Geochemistry
Isotope Geochemistry
Organic Geochemistry
Geochemistry not elsewhere classified
Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology
Ore Deposit Petrology
Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
Structural Geology
Tectonics
Volcanology
Geology not elsewhere classified
Seismology and Seismic Exploration
Glaciology
Hydrogeology
Natural Hazards
Quaternary Environments
Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified
Evolutionary Impacts of Climate Change
laccolith
cryptodome
magma flow
intrusion emplacement
strain localization
magma degassing
volcanic hazards
Tobias Mattsson
Steffi Burchardt
Bjarne S. G. Almqvist
Erika Ronchin
Table_1_Syn-Emplacement Fracturing in the Sandfell Laccolith, Eastern Iceland—Implications for Rhyolite Intrusion Growth and Volcanic Hazards.xlsx
topic_facet Solid Earth Sciences
Climate Science
Atmospheric Sciences not elsewhere classified
Exploration Geochemistry
Inorganic Geochemistry
Isotope Geochemistry
Organic Geochemistry
Geochemistry not elsewhere classified
Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology
Ore Deposit Petrology
Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
Structural Geology
Tectonics
Volcanology
Geology not elsewhere classified
Seismology and Seismic Exploration
Glaciology
Hydrogeology
Natural Hazards
Quaternary Environments
Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified
Evolutionary Impacts of Climate Change
laccolith
cryptodome
magma flow
intrusion emplacement
strain localization
magma degassing
volcanic hazards
description Felsic magma commonly pools within shallow mushroom-shaped magmatic intrusions, so-called laccoliths or cryptodomes, which can cause both explosive eruptions and collapse of the volcanic edifice. Deformation during laccolith emplacement is primarily considered to occur in the host rock. However, shallowly emplaced laccoliths (cryptodomes) show extensive internal deformation. While deformation of magma in volcanic conduits is an important process for regulating eruptive behavior, the effects of magma deformation on intrusion emplacement remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigate the emplacement of the 0.57 km 3 rhyolitic Sandfell laccolith, Iceland, which formed at a depth of 500 m in a single intrusive event. By combining field measurements, 3D modeling, anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS), microstructural analysis, and FEM modeling we examine deformation in the magma to constrain its influence on intrusion emplacement. Concentric flow bands and S-C fabrics reveal contact-parallel magma flow during the initial stages of laccolith inflation. The magma flow fabric is overprinted by strain-localization bands (SLBs) and more than one third of the volume of the Sandfell laccolith displays concentric intensely fractured layers. A dominantly oblate magmatic fabric in the fractured areas and conjugate geometry of SLBs, and fractures in the fracture layers demonstrate that the magma was deformed by intrusive stresses. This implies that a large volume of magma became viscously stalled and was unable to flow during intrusion. Fine-grained groundmass and vesicle-poor rock adjacent to the fracture layers point to that the interaction between the SLBs and the flow bands at sub-solidus state caused the brittle-failure and triggered decompression degassing and crystallization, which led to rapid viscosity increase in the magma. The extent of syn-emplacement fracturing in the Sandfell laccolith further shows that strain-induced degassing limited the amount of eruptible magma by essentially solidifying the ...
format Dataset
author Tobias Mattsson
Steffi Burchardt
Bjarne S. G. Almqvist
Erika Ronchin
author_facet Tobias Mattsson
Steffi Burchardt
Bjarne S. G. Almqvist
Erika Ronchin
author_sort Tobias Mattsson
title Table_1_Syn-Emplacement Fracturing in the Sandfell Laccolith, Eastern Iceland—Implications for Rhyolite Intrusion Growth and Volcanic Hazards.xlsx
title_short Table_1_Syn-Emplacement Fracturing in the Sandfell Laccolith, Eastern Iceland—Implications for Rhyolite Intrusion Growth and Volcanic Hazards.xlsx
title_full Table_1_Syn-Emplacement Fracturing in the Sandfell Laccolith, Eastern Iceland—Implications for Rhyolite Intrusion Growth and Volcanic Hazards.xlsx
title_fullStr Table_1_Syn-Emplacement Fracturing in the Sandfell Laccolith, Eastern Iceland—Implications for Rhyolite Intrusion Growth and Volcanic Hazards.xlsx
title_full_unstemmed Table_1_Syn-Emplacement Fracturing in the Sandfell Laccolith, Eastern Iceland—Implications for Rhyolite Intrusion Growth and Volcanic Hazards.xlsx
title_sort table_1_syn-emplacement fracturing in the sandfell laccolith, eastern iceland—implications for rhyolite intrusion growth and volcanic hazards.xlsx
publishDate 2020
url https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00005.s008
https://figshare.com/articles/Table_1_Syn-Emplacement_Fracturing_in_the_Sandfell_Laccolith_Eastern_Iceland_Implications_for_Rhyolite_Intrusion_Growth_and_Volcanic_Hazards_xlsx/11950158
genre Iceland
genre_facet Iceland
op_relation doi:10.3389/feart.2018.00005.s008
https://figshare.com/articles/Table_1_Syn-Emplacement_Fracturing_in_the_Sandfell_Laccolith_Eastern_Iceland_Implications_for_Rhyolite_Intrusion_Growth_and_Volcanic_Hazards_xlsx/11950158
op_rights CC BY 4.0
op_rightsnorm CC-BY
op_doi https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00005.s008
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