Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the South Pole to the North Pole of the Sun during solar maximum
Interplanetary physics (cosmic rays) – Solar physics, astrophysics and astronomy (energetic particles; flares and mass ejections) In 2000–2001 Ulysses passed from the south to the north polar regions of the Sun in the inner heliosphere, providing a snapshot of the latitudinal structure of cosmic ray...
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ftfloridainsttec:oai:repository.lib.fit.edu:11141/1966 2023-10-09T21:55:59+02:00 Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the South Pole to the North Pole of the Sun during solar maximum McKibben, Robert Bruce Connell, James J. Lopate, Clifford A. Zhang, Ming Anglin, J. D. Balogh, André Dalla, Silvia C. Sanderson, T. R. Marsden, Richard G. Hofer, Mirjam Y. Kunow, Horst Posner, Arik Heber, Bernd 2003-06-30 http://hdl.handle.net/11141/1966 https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-1217-2003 en_US eng McKibben, R. B., Connell, J. J., Lopate, C., Zhang, M., Anglin, J. D., Balogh, A., . . . Heber, B. (2003). Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the south pole to the north pole of the sun during solar maximum. Annales Geophysicae, 21(6), 1217-1228 http://hdl.handle.net/11141/1966 doi:10.5194/angeo-21-1217-2003 © Author(s) 2003. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Article 2003 ftfloridainsttec https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-1217-2003 2023-09-22T09:36:25Z Interplanetary physics (cosmic rays) – Solar physics, astrophysics and astronomy (energetic particles; flares and mass ejections) In 2000–2001 Ulysses passed from the south to the north polar regions of the Sun in the inner heliosphere, providing a snapshot of the latitudinal structure of cosmic ray modulation and solar energetic particle populations during a period near solar maximum. Observations from the COSPIN suite of energetic charged particle telescopes show that latitude variations in the cosmic ray intensity in the inner heliosphere are nearly non-existent near solar maximum, whereas small but clear latitude gradients were observed during the similar phase of Ulysses’ orbit near the 1994–95 solar minimum. At proton energies above ∼10 MeV and extending up to >70 MeV, the intensities are often dominated by Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) accelerated near the Sun in association with intense solar flares and large Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). At lower energies the particle intensities are almost constantly enhanced above background, most likely as a result of a mix of SEPs and particles accelerated by interplanetary shocks. Simultaneous high-latitude Ulysses and near-Earth observations show that most events that produce large flux increases near Earth also produce flux increases at Ulysses, even at the highest latitudes attained. Particle anisotropies during particle onsets at Ulysses are typically directed outwards from the Sun, suggesting either acceleration extending to high latitudes or efficient cross-field propagation somewhere inside the orbit of Ulysses. Both cosmic ray and SEP observations are consistent with highly efficient transport of energetic charged particles between the equatorial and polar regions and across the mean interplanetary magnetic fields in the inner heliosphere. Article in Journal/Newspaper South pole The Scholarship Repository of Florida Institute of Technology North Pole South Pole Annales Geophysicae 21 6 1217 1228 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
The Scholarship Repository of Florida Institute of Technology |
op_collection_id |
ftfloridainsttec |
language |
English |
description |
Interplanetary physics (cosmic rays) – Solar physics, astrophysics and astronomy (energetic particles; flares and mass ejections) In 2000–2001 Ulysses passed from the south to the north polar regions of the Sun in the inner heliosphere, providing a snapshot of the latitudinal structure of cosmic ray modulation and solar energetic particle populations during a period near solar maximum. Observations from the COSPIN suite of energetic charged particle telescopes show that latitude variations in the cosmic ray intensity in the inner heliosphere are nearly non-existent near solar maximum, whereas small but clear latitude gradients were observed during the similar phase of Ulysses’ orbit near the 1994–95 solar minimum. At proton energies above ∼10 MeV and extending up to >70 MeV, the intensities are often dominated by Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) accelerated near the Sun in association with intense solar flares and large Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). At lower energies the particle intensities are almost constantly enhanced above background, most likely as a result of a mix of SEPs and particles accelerated by interplanetary shocks. Simultaneous high-latitude Ulysses and near-Earth observations show that most events that produce large flux increases near Earth also produce flux increases at Ulysses, even at the highest latitudes attained. Particle anisotropies during particle onsets at Ulysses are typically directed outwards from the Sun, suggesting either acceleration extending to high latitudes or efficient cross-field propagation somewhere inside the orbit of Ulysses. Both cosmic ray and SEP observations are consistent with highly efficient transport of energetic charged particles between the equatorial and polar regions and across the mean interplanetary magnetic fields in the inner heliosphere. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
McKibben, Robert Bruce Connell, James J. Lopate, Clifford A. Zhang, Ming Anglin, J. D. Balogh, André Dalla, Silvia C. Sanderson, T. R. Marsden, Richard G. Hofer, Mirjam Y. Kunow, Horst Posner, Arik Heber, Bernd |
spellingShingle |
McKibben, Robert Bruce Connell, James J. Lopate, Clifford A. Zhang, Ming Anglin, J. D. Balogh, André Dalla, Silvia C. Sanderson, T. R. Marsden, Richard G. Hofer, Mirjam Y. Kunow, Horst Posner, Arik Heber, Bernd Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the South Pole to the North Pole of the Sun during solar maximum |
author_facet |
McKibben, Robert Bruce Connell, James J. Lopate, Clifford A. Zhang, Ming Anglin, J. D. Balogh, André Dalla, Silvia C. Sanderson, T. R. Marsden, Richard G. Hofer, Mirjam Y. Kunow, Horst Posner, Arik Heber, Bernd |
author_sort |
McKibben, Robert Bruce |
title |
Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the South Pole to the North Pole of the Sun during solar maximum |
title_short |
Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the South Pole to the North Pole of the Sun during solar maximum |
title_full |
Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the South Pole to the North Pole of the Sun during solar maximum |
title_fullStr |
Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the South Pole to the North Pole of the Sun during solar maximum |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the South Pole to the North Pole of the Sun during solar maximum |
title_sort |
ulysses cospin observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the south pole to the north pole of the sun during solar maximum |
publishDate |
2003 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11141/1966 https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-1217-2003 |
geographic |
North Pole South Pole |
geographic_facet |
North Pole South Pole |
genre |
South pole |
genre_facet |
South pole |
op_relation |
McKibben, R. B., Connell, J. J., Lopate, C., Zhang, M., Anglin, J. D., Balogh, A., . . . Heber, B. (2003). Ulysses COSPIN observations of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles from the south pole to the north pole of the sun during solar maximum. Annales Geophysicae, 21(6), 1217-1228 http://hdl.handle.net/11141/1966 doi:10.5194/angeo-21-1217-2003 |
op_rights |
© Author(s) 2003. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-1217-2003 |
container_title |
Annales Geophysicae |
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21 |
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6 |
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1217 |
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1228 |
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1779320263763034112 |