An Assessment of CO₂ Uptake in the Arctic Ocean From 1985 to 2018
As a contribution to the Regional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes phase 2 (RECCAP2) project, we present synthesized estimates of Arctic Ocean sea-air CO₂ fluxes and their uncertainties from surface ocean pCO₂-observation products, ocean biogeochemical hindcast and data assimilation models, and...
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2023
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ftethz:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/642560 2024-02-27T08:37:27+00:00 An Assessment of CO₂ Uptake in the Arctic Ocean From 1985 to 2018 Yasunaka, Sayaka Manizza, Manfredi Terhaar, Jens Olsen, Are Yamaguchi, Ryohei Landschützer, Peter Watanabe, Eiji Carroll, Dustin Adiwira, Hanani Müller, Jens Daniel id_orcid:0 000-0003-3137-0883 Hauck, Judith 2023-11 application/application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/642560 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000642560 en eng American Geophysical Union info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2023GB007806 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/001103017600001 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/821003 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/642560 doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000642560 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 37 (11) info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2023 ftethz https://doi.org/20.500.11850/64256010.3929/ethz-b-00064256010.1029/2023GB007806 2024-01-29T00:52:22Z As a contribution to the Regional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes phase 2 (RECCAP2) project, we present synthesized estimates of Arctic Ocean sea-air CO₂ fluxes and their uncertainties from surface ocean pCO₂-observation products, ocean biogeochemical hindcast and data assimilation models, and atmospheric inversions. For the period of 1985–2018, the Arctic Ocean was a net sink of CO₂ of 116 ± 4 TgC yr⁻¹ in the pCO₂ products, 92 ± 30 TgC yr⁻¹ in the models, and 91 ± 21 TgC yr⁻¹ in the atmospheric inversions. The CO2₂ uptake peaks in late summer and early autumn, and is low in winter when sea ice inhibits sea-air fluxes. The long-term mean CO₂ uptake in the Arctic Ocean is primarily caused by steady-state fluxes of natural carbon (70% ± 15%), and enhanced by the atmospheric CO₂ increase (19% ± 5%) and climate change (11% ± 18%). The annual mean CO₂ uptake increased from 1985 to 2018 at a rate of 31 ± 13 TgC yr⁻¹ dec⁻¹ in the pCO₂ products, 10 ± 4 TgC yr⁻¹ dec⁻¹ in the models, and 32 ± 16 TgC yr⁻¹ dec⁻¹ in the atmospheric inversions. Moreover, 77% ± 38% of the trend in the net CO₂ uptake over time is caused by climate change, primarily due to rapid sea ice loss in recent years. Furthermore, true uncertainties may be larger than the given ensemble standard deviations due to common structural biases across all individual estimates. ISSN:0886-6236 ISSN:1944-9224 Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Sea ice ETH Zürich Research Collection Arctic Arctic Ocean |
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Open Polar |
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ETH Zürich Research Collection |
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ftethz |
language |
English |
description |
As a contribution to the Regional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes phase 2 (RECCAP2) project, we present synthesized estimates of Arctic Ocean sea-air CO₂ fluxes and their uncertainties from surface ocean pCO₂-observation products, ocean biogeochemical hindcast and data assimilation models, and atmospheric inversions. For the period of 1985–2018, the Arctic Ocean was a net sink of CO₂ of 116 ± 4 TgC yr⁻¹ in the pCO₂ products, 92 ± 30 TgC yr⁻¹ in the models, and 91 ± 21 TgC yr⁻¹ in the atmospheric inversions. The CO2₂ uptake peaks in late summer and early autumn, and is low in winter when sea ice inhibits sea-air fluxes. The long-term mean CO₂ uptake in the Arctic Ocean is primarily caused by steady-state fluxes of natural carbon (70% ± 15%), and enhanced by the atmospheric CO₂ increase (19% ± 5%) and climate change (11% ± 18%). The annual mean CO₂ uptake increased from 1985 to 2018 at a rate of 31 ± 13 TgC yr⁻¹ dec⁻¹ in the pCO₂ products, 10 ± 4 TgC yr⁻¹ dec⁻¹ in the models, and 32 ± 16 TgC yr⁻¹ dec⁻¹ in the atmospheric inversions. Moreover, 77% ± 38% of the trend in the net CO₂ uptake over time is caused by climate change, primarily due to rapid sea ice loss in recent years. Furthermore, true uncertainties may be larger than the given ensemble standard deviations due to common structural biases across all individual estimates. ISSN:0886-6236 ISSN:1944-9224 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Yasunaka, Sayaka Manizza, Manfredi Terhaar, Jens Olsen, Are Yamaguchi, Ryohei Landschützer, Peter Watanabe, Eiji Carroll, Dustin Adiwira, Hanani Müller, Jens Daniel id_orcid:0 000-0003-3137-0883 Hauck, Judith |
spellingShingle |
Yasunaka, Sayaka Manizza, Manfredi Terhaar, Jens Olsen, Are Yamaguchi, Ryohei Landschützer, Peter Watanabe, Eiji Carroll, Dustin Adiwira, Hanani Müller, Jens Daniel id_orcid:0 000-0003-3137-0883 Hauck, Judith An Assessment of CO₂ Uptake in the Arctic Ocean From 1985 to 2018 |
author_facet |
Yasunaka, Sayaka Manizza, Manfredi Terhaar, Jens Olsen, Are Yamaguchi, Ryohei Landschützer, Peter Watanabe, Eiji Carroll, Dustin Adiwira, Hanani Müller, Jens Daniel id_orcid:0 000-0003-3137-0883 Hauck, Judith |
author_sort |
Yasunaka, Sayaka |
title |
An Assessment of CO₂ Uptake in the Arctic Ocean From 1985 to 2018 |
title_short |
An Assessment of CO₂ Uptake in the Arctic Ocean From 1985 to 2018 |
title_full |
An Assessment of CO₂ Uptake in the Arctic Ocean From 1985 to 2018 |
title_fullStr |
An Assessment of CO₂ Uptake in the Arctic Ocean From 1985 to 2018 |
title_full_unstemmed |
An Assessment of CO₂ Uptake in the Arctic Ocean From 1985 to 2018 |
title_sort |
assessment of co₂ uptake in the arctic ocean from 1985 to 2018 |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/642560 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000642560 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Sea ice |
op_source |
Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 37 (11) |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2023GB007806 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/001103017600001 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/821003 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/642560 doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000642560 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.11850/64256010.3929/ethz-b-00064256010.1029/2023GB007806 |
_version_ |
1792044451172974592 |