The Southern Ocean Carbon Cycle 1985–2018: Mean, Seasonal Cycle, Trends, and Storage
We assess the Southern Ocean CO₂ uptake (1985–2018) using data sets gathered in the REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes Project Phase 2. The Southern Ocean acted as a sink for CO₂ with close agreement between simulation results from global ocean biogeochemistry models (GOBMs, 0.75 ± 0.28...
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American Geophysical Union
2023
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ftethz:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/642558 2024-01-07T09:46:48+01:00 The Southern Ocean Carbon Cycle 1985–2018: Mean, Seasonal Cycle, Trends, and Storage Hauck, Judith Gregor, Luke id_orcid:0 000-0001-6071-1857 Nissen, Cara id_orcid:0 000-0001-5804-3191 Patara, Lavinia Hague, Mark Mongwe, Precious Bushinsky, Seth Doney, Scott C. Gruber, Nicolas id_orcid:0 000-0002-2085-2310 Le Quéré, Corinne Manizza, Manfredi Mazloff, Matthew Monteiro, Pedro M.S. Terhaar, Jens 2023-11 application/application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/642558 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000642558 en eng American Geophysical Union info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2023GB007848 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/001103040800001 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/642558 doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000642558 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 37 (11) info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2023 ftethz https://doi.org/20.500.11850/64255810.3929/ethz-b-00064255810.1029/2023GB007848 2023-12-11T00:51:31Z We assess the Southern Ocean CO₂ uptake (1985–2018) using data sets gathered in the REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes Project Phase 2. The Southern Ocean acted as a sink for CO₂ with close agreement between simulation results from global ocean biogeochemistry models (GOBMs, 0.75 ± 0.28 PgC yr⁻¹) and pCO₂-observation-based products (0.73 ± 0.07 PgC yr⁻¹). This sink is only half that reported by RECCAP1 for the same region and timeframe. The present-day net uptake is to first order a response to rising atmospheric CO₂, driving large amounts of anthropogenic CO₂ (Cant) into the ocean, thereby overcompensating the loss of natural CO2 to the atmosphere. An apparent knowledge gap is the increase of the sink since 2000, with pCO₂-products suggesting a growth that is more than twice as strong and uncertain as that of GOBMs (0.26 ± 0.06 and 0.11 ± 0.03 Pg C yr⁻¹ decade⁻¹, respectively). This is despite nearly identical pCO₂ trends in GOBMs and pCO2-products when both products are compared only at the locations where pCO₂ was measured. Seasonal analyses revealed agreement in driving processes in winter with uncertainty in the magnitude of outgassing, whereas discrepancies are more fundamental in summer, when GOBMs exhibit difficulties in simulating the effects of the non-thermal processes of biology and mixing/circulation. Ocean interior accumulation of Cant points to an underestimate of Cant uptake and storage in GOBMs. Future work needs to link surface fluxes and interior ocean transport, build long overdue systematic observation networks and push toward better process understanding of drivers of the carbon cycle. ISSN:0886-6236 ISSN:1944-9224 Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean ETH Zürich Research Collection Southern Ocean |
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Open Polar |
collection |
ETH Zürich Research Collection |
op_collection_id |
ftethz |
language |
English |
description |
We assess the Southern Ocean CO₂ uptake (1985–2018) using data sets gathered in the REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes Project Phase 2. The Southern Ocean acted as a sink for CO₂ with close agreement between simulation results from global ocean biogeochemistry models (GOBMs, 0.75 ± 0.28 PgC yr⁻¹) and pCO₂-observation-based products (0.73 ± 0.07 PgC yr⁻¹). This sink is only half that reported by RECCAP1 for the same region and timeframe. The present-day net uptake is to first order a response to rising atmospheric CO₂, driving large amounts of anthropogenic CO₂ (Cant) into the ocean, thereby overcompensating the loss of natural CO2 to the atmosphere. An apparent knowledge gap is the increase of the sink since 2000, with pCO₂-products suggesting a growth that is more than twice as strong and uncertain as that of GOBMs (0.26 ± 0.06 and 0.11 ± 0.03 Pg C yr⁻¹ decade⁻¹, respectively). This is despite nearly identical pCO₂ trends in GOBMs and pCO2-products when both products are compared only at the locations where pCO₂ was measured. Seasonal analyses revealed agreement in driving processes in winter with uncertainty in the magnitude of outgassing, whereas discrepancies are more fundamental in summer, when GOBMs exhibit difficulties in simulating the effects of the non-thermal processes of biology and mixing/circulation. Ocean interior accumulation of Cant points to an underestimate of Cant uptake and storage in GOBMs. Future work needs to link surface fluxes and interior ocean transport, build long overdue systematic observation networks and push toward better process understanding of drivers of the carbon cycle. ISSN:0886-6236 ISSN:1944-9224 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hauck, Judith Gregor, Luke id_orcid:0 000-0001-6071-1857 Nissen, Cara id_orcid:0 000-0001-5804-3191 Patara, Lavinia Hague, Mark Mongwe, Precious Bushinsky, Seth Doney, Scott C. Gruber, Nicolas id_orcid:0 000-0002-2085-2310 Le Quéré, Corinne Manizza, Manfredi Mazloff, Matthew Monteiro, Pedro M.S. Terhaar, Jens |
spellingShingle |
Hauck, Judith Gregor, Luke id_orcid:0 000-0001-6071-1857 Nissen, Cara id_orcid:0 000-0001-5804-3191 Patara, Lavinia Hague, Mark Mongwe, Precious Bushinsky, Seth Doney, Scott C. Gruber, Nicolas id_orcid:0 000-0002-2085-2310 Le Quéré, Corinne Manizza, Manfredi Mazloff, Matthew Monteiro, Pedro M.S. Terhaar, Jens The Southern Ocean Carbon Cycle 1985–2018: Mean, Seasonal Cycle, Trends, and Storage |
author_facet |
Hauck, Judith Gregor, Luke id_orcid:0 000-0001-6071-1857 Nissen, Cara id_orcid:0 000-0001-5804-3191 Patara, Lavinia Hague, Mark Mongwe, Precious Bushinsky, Seth Doney, Scott C. Gruber, Nicolas id_orcid:0 000-0002-2085-2310 Le Quéré, Corinne Manizza, Manfredi Mazloff, Matthew Monteiro, Pedro M.S. Terhaar, Jens |
author_sort |
Hauck, Judith |
title |
The Southern Ocean Carbon Cycle 1985–2018: Mean, Seasonal Cycle, Trends, and Storage |
title_short |
The Southern Ocean Carbon Cycle 1985–2018: Mean, Seasonal Cycle, Trends, and Storage |
title_full |
The Southern Ocean Carbon Cycle 1985–2018: Mean, Seasonal Cycle, Trends, and Storage |
title_fullStr |
The Southern Ocean Carbon Cycle 1985–2018: Mean, Seasonal Cycle, Trends, and Storage |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Southern Ocean Carbon Cycle 1985–2018: Mean, Seasonal Cycle, Trends, and Storage |
title_sort |
southern ocean carbon cycle 1985–2018: mean, seasonal cycle, trends, and storage |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/642558 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000642558 |
geographic |
Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 37 (11) |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2023GB007848 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/001103040800001 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/642558 doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000642558 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.11850/64255810.3929/ethz-b-00064255810.1029/2023GB007848 |
_version_ |
1787428697963233280 |