An assessment of the Atlantic and Arctic sea-air CO2 fluxes, 1990-2009
The Atlantic and Arctic Oceans are critical components of the global carbon cycle. Here we quantify the net sea–air CO2 flux, for the first time, across different methodologies for consistent time and space scales for the Atlantic and Arctic basins. We present the long-term mean, seasonal cycle, int...
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ftethz:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/64160 2023-05-15T14:48:23+02:00 An assessment of the Atlantic and Arctic sea-air CO2 fluxes, 1990-2009 Schuster, Ute McKinley, Galen A. Bates, Natalie Chevallier, Frédéric Doney, Scott C. Fay, Amanda Gonzalez-Davila, Melchor Gruber, Nicolas Jones, Steve D. Krijnen, J. Landschützer, Peter Lefèvre, Nathalie Manizza, Manfredi Mathis, Jeremy T. Metzl, Nicolas Olsen, Are Rios, Arantxa Fuentes Roedenbeck, Christian Santana-Casiano, J. Magdalena Takahashi, Taro Wanninkhof, Rik Watson, Andrew J. 2013 application/application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/64160 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000064160 en eng Copernicus info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/bg-10-607-2013 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000314173700039 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/64160 doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000064160 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported CC-BY Biogeosciences, 10 (1) info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2013 ftethz https://doi.org/20.500.11850/64160 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000064160 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-607-2013 2022-06-26T23:36:44Z The Atlantic and Arctic Oceans are critical components of the global carbon cycle. Here we quantify the net sea–air CO2 flux, for the first time, across different methodologies for consistent time and space scales for the Atlantic and Arctic basins. We present the long-term mean, seasonal cycle, interannual variability and trends in sea–air CO2 flux for the period 1990 to 2009, and assign an uncertainty to each. We use regional cuts from global observations and modeling products, specifically a pCO2-based CO2 flux climatology, flux estimates from the inversion of oceanic and atmospheric data, and results from six ocean biogeochemical models. Additionally, we use basin-wide flux estimates from surface ocean pCO2 observations based on two distinct methodologies. Our estimate of the contemporary sea–air flux of CO2 (sum of anthropogenic and natural components) by the Atlantic between 40° S and 79° N is −0.49 ± 0.05 Pg C yr−1, and by the Arctic it is −0.12 ± 0.06 Pg C yr−1, leading to a combined sea–air flux of −0.61 ± 0.06 Pg C yr−1 for the two decades (negative reflects ocean uptake). We do find broad agreement amongst methodologies with respect to the seasonal cycle in the subtropics of both hemispheres, but not elsewhere. Agreement with respect to detailed signals of interannual variability is poor, and correlations to the North Atlantic Oscillation are weaker in the North Atlantic and Arctic than in the equatorial region and southern subtropics. Linear trends for 1995 to 2009 indicate increased uptake and generally correspond between methodologies in the North Atlantic, but there is disagreement amongst methodologies in the equatorial region and southern subtropics. ISSN:1726-4170 ISSN:1726-4170 Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation ETH Zürich Research Collection Arctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
ETH Zürich Research Collection |
op_collection_id |
ftethz |
language |
English |
description |
The Atlantic and Arctic Oceans are critical components of the global carbon cycle. Here we quantify the net sea–air CO2 flux, for the first time, across different methodologies for consistent time and space scales for the Atlantic and Arctic basins. We present the long-term mean, seasonal cycle, interannual variability and trends in sea–air CO2 flux for the period 1990 to 2009, and assign an uncertainty to each. We use regional cuts from global observations and modeling products, specifically a pCO2-based CO2 flux climatology, flux estimates from the inversion of oceanic and atmospheric data, and results from six ocean biogeochemical models. Additionally, we use basin-wide flux estimates from surface ocean pCO2 observations based on two distinct methodologies. Our estimate of the contemporary sea–air flux of CO2 (sum of anthropogenic and natural components) by the Atlantic between 40° S and 79° N is −0.49 ± 0.05 Pg C yr−1, and by the Arctic it is −0.12 ± 0.06 Pg C yr−1, leading to a combined sea–air flux of −0.61 ± 0.06 Pg C yr−1 for the two decades (negative reflects ocean uptake). We do find broad agreement amongst methodologies with respect to the seasonal cycle in the subtropics of both hemispheres, but not elsewhere. Agreement with respect to detailed signals of interannual variability is poor, and correlations to the North Atlantic Oscillation are weaker in the North Atlantic and Arctic than in the equatorial region and southern subtropics. Linear trends for 1995 to 2009 indicate increased uptake and generally correspond between methodologies in the North Atlantic, but there is disagreement amongst methodologies in the equatorial region and southern subtropics. ISSN:1726-4170 ISSN:1726-4170 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schuster, Ute McKinley, Galen A. Bates, Natalie Chevallier, Frédéric Doney, Scott C. Fay, Amanda Gonzalez-Davila, Melchor Gruber, Nicolas Jones, Steve D. Krijnen, J. Landschützer, Peter Lefèvre, Nathalie Manizza, Manfredi Mathis, Jeremy T. Metzl, Nicolas Olsen, Are Rios, Arantxa Fuentes Roedenbeck, Christian Santana-Casiano, J. Magdalena Takahashi, Taro Wanninkhof, Rik Watson, Andrew J. |
spellingShingle |
Schuster, Ute McKinley, Galen A. Bates, Natalie Chevallier, Frédéric Doney, Scott C. Fay, Amanda Gonzalez-Davila, Melchor Gruber, Nicolas Jones, Steve D. Krijnen, J. Landschützer, Peter Lefèvre, Nathalie Manizza, Manfredi Mathis, Jeremy T. Metzl, Nicolas Olsen, Are Rios, Arantxa Fuentes Roedenbeck, Christian Santana-Casiano, J. Magdalena Takahashi, Taro Wanninkhof, Rik Watson, Andrew J. An assessment of the Atlantic and Arctic sea-air CO2 fluxes, 1990-2009 |
author_facet |
Schuster, Ute McKinley, Galen A. Bates, Natalie Chevallier, Frédéric Doney, Scott C. Fay, Amanda Gonzalez-Davila, Melchor Gruber, Nicolas Jones, Steve D. Krijnen, J. Landschützer, Peter Lefèvre, Nathalie Manizza, Manfredi Mathis, Jeremy T. Metzl, Nicolas Olsen, Are Rios, Arantxa Fuentes Roedenbeck, Christian Santana-Casiano, J. Magdalena Takahashi, Taro Wanninkhof, Rik Watson, Andrew J. |
author_sort |
Schuster, Ute |
title |
An assessment of the Atlantic and Arctic sea-air CO2 fluxes, 1990-2009 |
title_short |
An assessment of the Atlantic and Arctic sea-air CO2 fluxes, 1990-2009 |
title_full |
An assessment of the Atlantic and Arctic sea-air CO2 fluxes, 1990-2009 |
title_fullStr |
An assessment of the Atlantic and Arctic sea-air CO2 fluxes, 1990-2009 |
title_full_unstemmed |
An assessment of the Atlantic and Arctic sea-air CO2 fluxes, 1990-2009 |
title_sort |
assessment of the atlantic and arctic sea-air co2 fluxes, 1990-2009 |
publisher |
Copernicus |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/64160 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000064160 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
Arctic North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_source |
Biogeosciences, 10 (1) |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/bg-10-607-2013 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000314173700039 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/64160 doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000064160 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.11850/64160 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000064160 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-607-2013 |
_version_ |
1766319458514632704 |