Distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high Arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes
Background: Global warming is affecting all cold environments, including the European Alps and Arctic regions. Here, permafrost may be considered a unique ecosystem harboring a distinct microbiome. The frequent freeze–thaw cycles occurring in permafrost-affected soils, and mainly in the seasonally a...
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ftethz:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/618893 2024-02-27T08:37:16+00:00 Distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high Arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes Sannino, Ciro Qi, Weihong Rüthi, Joel Stierli, Beat Frey, Beat 2023-06-16 application/application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/618893 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000618893 en eng Springer info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1186/s40793-023-00509-6 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/001009195900001 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/618893 doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000618893 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Environmental Microbiomes, 18 (1) High Arctic European alps Metagenome Functionality Permafrost Active layer info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2023 ftethz https://doi.org/20.500.11850/61889310.3929/ethz-b-00061889310.1186/s40793-023-00509-6 2024-01-29T00:51:47Z Background: Global warming is affecting all cold environments, including the European Alps and Arctic regions. Here, permafrost may be considered a unique ecosystem harboring a distinct microbiome. The frequent freeze–thaw cycles occurring in permafrost-affected soils, and mainly in the seasonally active top layers, modify microbial communities and consequently ecosystem processes. Although taxonomic responses of the microbiomes in permafrost-affected soils have been widely documented, studies about how the microbial genetic potential, especially pathways involved in C and N cycling, changes between active-layer soils and permafrost soils are rare. Here, we used shotgun metagenomics to analyze the microbial and functional diversity and the metabolic potential of permafrost-affected soil collected from an alpine site (Val Lavirun, Engadin area, Switzerland) and a High Arctic site (Station Nord, Villum Research Station, Greenland). The main goal was to discover the key genes abundant in the active-layer and permafrost soils, with the purpose to highlight the potential role of the functional genes found. Results: We observed differences between the alpine and High Arctic sites in alpha- and beta-diversity, and in EggNOG, CAZy, and NCyc datasets. In the High Arctic site, the metagenome in permafrost soil had an overrepresentation (relative to that in active-layer soil) of genes involved in lipid transport by fatty acid desaturate and ABC transporters, i.e. genes that are useful in preventing microorganisms from freezing by increasing membrane fluidity, and genes involved in cell defense mechanisms. The majority of CAZy and NCyc genes were overrepresented in permafrost soils relative to active-layer soils in both localities, with genes involved in the degradation of carbon substrates and in the degradation of N compounds indicating high microbial activity in permafrost in response to climate warming. Conclusions: Our study on the functional characteristics of permafrost microbiomes underlines the remarkably high ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Global warming Greenland permafrost ETH Zürich Research Collection Arctic Greenland Station Nord ENVELOPE(-16.663,-16.663,81.599,81.599) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
ETH Zürich Research Collection |
op_collection_id |
ftethz |
language |
English |
topic |
High Arctic European alps Metagenome Functionality Permafrost Active layer |
spellingShingle |
High Arctic European alps Metagenome Functionality Permafrost Active layer Sannino, Ciro Qi, Weihong Rüthi, Joel Stierli, Beat Frey, Beat Distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high Arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes |
topic_facet |
High Arctic European alps Metagenome Functionality Permafrost Active layer |
description |
Background: Global warming is affecting all cold environments, including the European Alps and Arctic regions. Here, permafrost may be considered a unique ecosystem harboring a distinct microbiome. The frequent freeze–thaw cycles occurring in permafrost-affected soils, and mainly in the seasonally active top layers, modify microbial communities and consequently ecosystem processes. Although taxonomic responses of the microbiomes in permafrost-affected soils have been widely documented, studies about how the microbial genetic potential, especially pathways involved in C and N cycling, changes between active-layer soils and permafrost soils are rare. Here, we used shotgun metagenomics to analyze the microbial and functional diversity and the metabolic potential of permafrost-affected soil collected from an alpine site (Val Lavirun, Engadin area, Switzerland) and a High Arctic site (Station Nord, Villum Research Station, Greenland). The main goal was to discover the key genes abundant in the active-layer and permafrost soils, with the purpose to highlight the potential role of the functional genes found. Results: We observed differences between the alpine and High Arctic sites in alpha- and beta-diversity, and in EggNOG, CAZy, and NCyc datasets. In the High Arctic site, the metagenome in permafrost soil had an overrepresentation (relative to that in active-layer soil) of genes involved in lipid transport by fatty acid desaturate and ABC transporters, i.e. genes that are useful in preventing microorganisms from freezing by increasing membrane fluidity, and genes involved in cell defense mechanisms. The majority of CAZy and NCyc genes were overrepresented in permafrost soils relative to active-layer soils in both localities, with genes involved in the degradation of carbon substrates and in the degradation of N compounds indicating high microbial activity in permafrost in response to climate warming. Conclusions: Our study on the functional characteristics of permafrost microbiomes underlines the remarkably high ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sannino, Ciro Qi, Weihong Rüthi, Joel Stierli, Beat Frey, Beat |
author_facet |
Sannino, Ciro Qi, Weihong Rüthi, Joel Stierli, Beat Frey, Beat |
author_sort |
Sannino, Ciro |
title |
Distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high Arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes |
title_short |
Distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high Arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes |
title_full |
Distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high Arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes |
title_fullStr |
Distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high Arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high Arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes |
title_sort |
distinct taxonomic and functional profiles of high arctic and alpine permafrost-affected soil microbiomes |
publisher |
Springer |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/618893 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000618893 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-16.663,-16.663,81.599,81.599) |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland Station Nord |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland Station Nord |
genre |
Arctic Global warming Greenland permafrost |
genre_facet |
Arctic Global warming Greenland permafrost |
op_source |
Environmental Microbiomes, 18 (1) |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1186/s40793-023-00509-6 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/001009195900001 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/618893 doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000618893 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.11850/61889310.3929/ethz-b-00061889310.1186/s40793-023-00509-6 |
_version_ |
1792044262361137152 |