Ozone depletion in the Arctic and Antarctic stratosphere induced by wildfire smoke
A record-breaking stratospheric ozone loss was observed over the Arctic and Antarctica in 2020. Strong ozone depletion occurred over Antarctica in 2021 as well. The ozone holes developed in smoke-polluted air. In this article, the impact of Siberian and Australian wildfire smoke (dominated by organi...
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ftethz:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/570895 2023-05-15T13:41:37+02:00 Ozone depletion in the Arctic and Antarctic stratosphere induced by wildfire smoke Ansmann, Albert Ohneiser, Kevin Chudnovsky, Alexandra Knopf, Daniel A. Eloranta, Edwin W. Villanueva, Diego Seifert, Patric Radenz, Martin Barja, Boris Zamorano, Félix Jimenez, Cristofer Engelmann, Ronny Baars, Holger Griesche, Hannes Hofer, Julian Althausen, Dietrich Wandinger, Ulla 2022 application/application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/570895 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000570895 en eng Copernicus info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/acp-22-11701-2022 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000851385800001 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/570895 doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000570895 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International CC-BY Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 22 (17) info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2022 ftethz https://doi.org/20.500.11850/570895 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000570895 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11701-2022 2023-02-13T01:11:54Z A record-breaking stratospheric ozone loss was observed over the Arctic and Antarctica in 2020. Strong ozone depletion occurred over Antarctica in 2021 as well. The ozone holes developed in smoke-polluted air. In this article, the impact of Siberian and Australian wildfire smoke (dominated by organic aerosol) on the extraordinarily strong ozone reduction is discussed. The study is based on aerosol lidar observations in the North Pole region (October 2019–May 2020) and over Punta Arenas in southern Chile at 53.2° S (January 2020–November 2021) as well as on respective NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change) ozone profile observations in the Arctic (Ny-Ålesund) and Antarctica (Neumayer and South Pole stations) in 2020 and 2021. We present a conceptual approach on how the smoke may have influenced the formation of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs), which are of key importance in the ozone-depleting processes. The main results are as follows: (a) the direct impact of wildfire smoke below the PSC height range (at 10–12 km) on ozone reduction seems to be similar to well-known volcanic sulfate aerosol effects. At heights of 10–12 km, smoke particle surface area (SA) concentrations of 5–7 µm2 cm−3 (Antarctica, spring 2021) and 6–10 µm2 cm−3 (Arctic, spring 2020) were correlated with an ozone reduction in terms of ozone partial pressure of 0.4–1.2 mPa (about 30 % further ozone reduction over Antarctica) and of 2–3.5 mPa (Arctic, 20 %–30 % reduction with respect to the long-term springtime mean). (b) Within the PSC height range, we found indications that smoke was able to slightly increase the PSC particle number and surface area concentration. In particular, a smoke-related additional ozone loss of 1–2 mPa (10 %–20 % contribution to the total ozone loss over Antarctica) was observed in the 14–23 km PSC height range in September–October 2020 and 2021. Smoke particle number concentrations ranged from 10 to 100 cm−3 and were about a factor of 10 (in 2020) and 5 (in 2021) above the stratospheric ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic North Pole Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund South pole South pole ETH Zürich Research Collection Arctic Antarctic Ny-Ålesund Neumayer South Pole North Pole |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
ETH Zürich Research Collection |
op_collection_id |
ftethz |
language |
English |
description |
A record-breaking stratospheric ozone loss was observed over the Arctic and Antarctica in 2020. Strong ozone depletion occurred over Antarctica in 2021 as well. The ozone holes developed in smoke-polluted air. In this article, the impact of Siberian and Australian wildfire smoke (dominated by organic aerosol) on the extraordinarily strong ozone reduction is discussed. The study is based on aerosol lidar observations in the North Pole region (October 2019–May 2020) and over Punta Arenas in southern Chile at 53.2° S (January 2020–November 2021) as well as on respective NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change) ozone profile observations in the Arctic (Ny-Ålesund) and Antarctica (Neumayer and South Pole stations) in 2020 and 2021. We present a conceptual approach on how the smoke may have influenced the formation of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs), which are of key importance in the ozone-depleting processes. The main results are as follows: (a) the direct impact of wildfire smoke below the PSC height range (at 10–12 km) on ozone reduction seems to be similar to well-known volcanic sulfate aerosol effects. At heights of 10–12 km, smoke particle surface area (SA) concentrations of 5–7 µm2 cm−3 (Antarctica, spring 2021) and 6–10 µm2 cm−3 (Arctic, spring 2020) were correlated with an ozone reduction in terms of ozone partial pressure of 0.4–1.2 mPa (about 30 % further ozone reduction over Antarctica) and of 2–3.5 mPa (Arctic, 20 %–30 % reduction with respect to the long-term springtime mean). (b) Within the PSC height range, we found indications that smoke was able to slightly increase the PSC particle number and surface area concentration. In particular, a smoke-related additional ozone loss of 1–2 mPa (10 %–20 % contribution to the total ozone loss over Antarctica) was observed in the 14–23 km PSC height range in September–October 2020 and 2021. Smoke particle number concentrations ranged from 10 to 100 cm−3 and were about a factor of 10 (in 2020) and 5 (in 2021) above the stratospheric ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ansmann, Albert Ohneiser, Kevin Chudnovsky, Alexandra Knopf, Daniel A. Eloranta, Edwin W. Villanueva, Diego Seifert, Patric Radenz, Martin Barja, Boris Zamorano, Félix Jimenez, Cristofer Engelmann, Ronny Baars, Holger Griesche, Hannes Hofer, Julian Althausen, Dietrich Wandinger, Ulla |
spellingShingle |
Ansmann, Albert Ohneiser, Kevin Chudnovsky, Alexandra Knopf, Daniel A. Eloranta, Edwin W. Villanueva, Diego Seifert, Patric Radenz, Martin Barja, Boris Zamorano, Félix Jimenez, Cristofer Engelmann, Ronny Baars, Holger Griesche, Hannes Hofer, Julian Althausen, Dietrich Wandinger, Ulla Ozone depletion in the Arctic and Antarctic stratosphere induced by wildfire smoke |
author_facet |
Ansmann, Albert Ohneiser, Kevin Chudnovsky, Alexandra Knopf, Daniel A. Eloranta, Edwin W. Villanueva, Diego Seifert, Patric Radenz, Martin Barja, Boris Zamorano, Félix Jimenez, Cristofer Engelmann, Ronny Baars, Holger Griesche, Hannes Hofer, Julian Althausen, Dietrich Wandinger, Ulla |
author_sort |
Ansmann, Albert |
title |
Ozone depletion in the Arctic and Antarctic stratosphere induced by wildfire smoke |
title_short |
Ozone depletion in the Arctic and Antarctic stratosphere induced by wildfire smoke |
title_full |
Ozone depletion in the Arctic and Antarctic stratosphere induced by wildfire smoke |
title_fullStr |
Ozone depletion in the Arctic and Antarctic stratosphere induced by wildfire smoke |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ozone depletion in the Arctic and Antarctic stratosphere induced by wildfire smoke |
title_sort |
ozone depletion in the arctic and antarctic stratosphere induced by wildfire smoke |
publisher |
Copernicus |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/570895 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000570895 |
geographic |
Arctic Antarctic Ny-Ålesund Neumayer South Pole North Pole |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Antarctic Ny-Ålesund Neumayer South Pole North Pole |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic North Pole Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund South pole South pole |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic North Pole Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund South pole South pole |
op_source |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 22 (17) |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/acp-22-11701-2022 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000851385800001 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/570895 doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000570895 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.11850/570895 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000570895 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11701-2022 |
_version_ |
1766153056321273856 |