Highly Active Ice-Nucleating Particles at the Summer North Pole
The amount of ice versus supercooled water in clouds is important for their radiative properties and role in climate feedbacks. Hence, knowledge of the concentration of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) is needed. Generally, the concentrations of INPs are found to be very low in remote marine location...
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American Geophysical Union
2022
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ftethz:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/541830 2023-05-15T15:09:30+02:00 Highly Active Ice-Nucleating Particles at the Summer North Pole Porter, Grace C.E. Adams, Michael P. Brooks, Ian M. Ickes, Luisa Karlsson, Linn Leck, Caroline Salter, Matthew E. Schmale, Julia Siegel, Karolina Sikora, Sebastien N. F. Tarn, Mark D. Vüllers, Jutta Wernli, Heini Zieger, Paul Zinke, Julika Murray, Benjamin J. 2022-03-27 application/application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/541830 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000541830 en eng American Geophysical Union info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2021JD036059 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000776467500024 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/541830 doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000541830 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International CC-BY Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 127 (6) info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2022 ftethz https://doi.org/20.500.11850/541830 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000541830 https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD036059 2023-02-13T01:05:23Z The amount of ice versus supercooled water in clouds is important for their radiative properties and role in climate feedbacks. Hence, knowledge of the concentration of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) is needed. Generally, the concentrations of INPs are found to be very low in remote marine locations allowing cloud water to persist in a supercooled state. We had expected the concentrations of INPs at the North Pole to be very low given the distance from open ocean and terrestrial sources coupled with effective wet scavenging processes. Here we show that during summer 2018 (August and September) high concentrations of biological INPs (active at >−20°C) were sporadically present at the North Pole. In fact, INP concentrations were sometimes as high as those recorded at mid-latitude locations strongly impacted by highly active biological INPs, in strong contrast to the Southern Ocean. Furthermore, using a balloon borne sampler we demonstrated that INP concentrations were often different at the surface versus higher in the boundary layer where clouds form. Back trajectory analysis suggests strong sources of INPs near the Russian coast, possibly associated with wind-driven sea spray production, whereas the pack ice, open leads, and the marginal ice zone were not sources of highly active INPs. These findings suggest that primary ice production, and therefore Arctic climate, is sensitive to transport from locations such as the Russian coast that are already experiencing marked climate change. ISSN:0148-0227 ISSN:2169-897X Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change North Pole Southern Ocean ETH Zürich Research Collection Arctic North Pole Southern Ocean |
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Open Polar |
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ETH Zürich Research Collection |
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ftethz |
language |
English |
description |
The amount of ice versus supercooled water in clouds is important for their radiative properties and role in climate feedbacks. Hence, knowledge of the concentration of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) is needed. Generally, the concentrations of INPs are found to be very low in remote marine locations allowing cloud water to persist in a supercooled state. We had expected the concentrations of INPs at the North Pole to be very low given the distance from open ocean and terrestrial sources coupled with effective wet scavenging processes. Here we show that during summer 2018 (August and September) high concentrations of biological INPs (active at >−20°C) were sporadically present at the North Pole. In fact, INP concentrations were sometimes as high as those recorded at mid-latitude locations strongly impacted by highly active biological INPs, in strong contrast to the Southern Ocean. Furthermore, using a balloon borne sampler we demonstrated that INP concentrations were often different at the surface versus higher in the boundary layer where clouds form. Back trajectory analysis suggests strong sources of INPs near the Russian coast, possibly associated with wind-driven sea spray production, whereas the pack ice, open leads, and the marginal ice zone were not sources of highly active INPs. These findings suggest that primary ice production, and therefore Arctic climate, is sensitive to transport from locations such as the Russian coast that are already experiencing marked climate change. ISSN:0148-0227 ISSN:2169-897X |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Porter, Grace C.E. Adams, Michael P. Brooks, Ian M. Ickes, Luisa Karlsson, Linn Leck, Caroline Salter, Matthew E. Schmale, Julia Siegel, Karolina Sikora, Sebastien N. F. Tarn, Mark D. Vüllers, Jutta Wernli, Heini Zieger, Paul Zinke, Julika Murray, Benjamin J. |
spellingShingle |
Porter, Grace C.E. Adams, Michael P. Brooks, Ian M. Ickes, Luisa Karlsson, Linn Leck, Caroline Salter, Matthew E. Schmale, Julia Siegel, Karolina Sikora, Sebastien N. F. Tarn, Mark D. Vüllers, Jutta Wernli, Heini Zieger, Paul Zinke, Julika Murray, Benjamin J. Highly Active Ice-Nucleating Particles at the Summer North Pole |
author_facet |
Porter, Grace C.E. Adams, Michael P. Brooks, Ian M. Ickes, Luisa Karlsson, Linn Leck, Caroline Salter, Matthew E. Schmale, Julia Siegel, Karolina Sikora, Sebastien N. F. Tarn, Mark D. Vüllers, Jutta Wernli, Heini Zieger, Paul Zinke, Julika Murray, Benjamin J. |
author_sort |
Porter, Grace C.E. |
title |
Highly Active Ice-Nucleating Particles at the Summer North Pole |
title_short |
Highly Active Ice-Nucleating Particles at the Summer North Pole |
title_full |
Highly Active Ice-Nucleating Particles at the Summer North Pole |
title_fullStr |
Highly Active Ice-Nucleating Particles at the Summer North Pole |
title_full_unstemmed |
Highly Active Ice-Nucleating Particles at the Summer North Pole |
title_sort |
highly active ice-nucleating particles at the summer north pole |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/541830 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000541830 |
geographic |
Arctic North Pole Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic North Pole Southern Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Climate change North Pole Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change North Pole Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 127 (6) |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2021JD036059 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000776467500024 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/541830 doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000541830 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.11850/541830 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000541830 https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD036059 |
_version_ |
1766340685576798208 |