Best practice for measuring permafrost temperature in boreholes based on the experience in the Swiss Alps
Temperature measurements in boreholes are the most common method allowing the quantitative and direct observation of permafrost evolution in the context of climate change. Existing boreholes and monitoring networks often emerged in a scientific context targeting different objectives and with differe...
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ftethz:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/483771 2023-05-15T17:56:39+02:00 Best practice for measuring permafrost temperature in boreholes based on the experience in the Swiss Alps Noetzli, Jeannette Arenson, Lukas U. Bast, Alexander Beutel, Jan Delaloye, Reynald Farinotti, Daniel Gruber, Stephan Gubler, Hansueli Haeberli, Wilfried Hasler, Andreas Hauck, Christian Hiller, Martin Hoelzle, Martin Lambiel, Christophe Pellet, Cécile Springman, Sarah M. Vonder Muehll, Daniel Phillips, Marcia 2021-05-11 application/application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/483771 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000483771 en eng Frontiers Media info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3389/feart.2021.607875 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000653475000001 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/483771 doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000483771 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International CC-BY Frontiers in Earth Science, 9 Permafrost Borehole temperatures High mountain areas Long-term monitoring Best practices info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2021 ftethz https://doi.org/20.500.11850/483771 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000483771 https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.607875 2022-04-25T14:25:55Z Temperature measurements in boreholes are the most common method allowing the quantitative and direct observation of permafrost evolution in the context of climate change. Existing boreholes and monitoring networks often emerged in a scientific context targeting different objectives and with different setups. A standardized, well-planned and robust instrumentation of boreholes for long-term operation is crucial to deliver comparable, high-quality data for scientific analyses and assessments. However, only a limited number of guidelines are available, particularly for mountain regions. In this paper, we discuss challenges and devise best practice recommendations for permafrost temperature measurements at single sites as well as in a network, based on two decades of experience gained in the framework of the Swiss Permafrost Monitoring Network PERMOS. These recommendations apply to permafrost observations in mountain regions, although many aspects also apply to polar lowlands. The main recommendations are (1) to thoroughly consider criteria for site selection based on the objective of the measurements as well as on preliminary studies and available data, (2) to define the sampling strategy during planification, (3) to engage experienced drilling teams who can cope with inhomogeneous and potentially unstable subsurface material, (4) to select standardized and robust instrumentation with high accuracy temperature sensors and excellent long-term stability when calibrated at 0°C, ideally with double sensors at key depths for validation and substitution of questionable data, (5) to apply standardized maintenance procedures allowing maximum comparability and minimum data processing, (6) to implement regular data control procedures, and (7) to ensure remote data access allowing for rapid trouble shooting and timely reporting. Data gaps can be avoided by timely planning of replacement boreholes. Recommendations for standardized procedures regarding data quality documentation, processing and final publication will follow later. ISSN:2296-6463 Article in Journal/Newspaper permafrost ETH Zürich Research Collection |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
ETH Zürich Research Collection |
op_collection_id |
ftethz |
language |
English |
topic |
Permafrost Borehole temperatures High mountain areas Long-term monitoring Best practices |
spellingShingle |
Permafrost Borehole temperatures High mountain areas Long-term monitoring Best practices Noetzli, Jeannette Arenson, Lukas U. Bast, Alexander Beutel, Jan Delaloye, Reynald Farinotti, Daniel Gruber, Stephan Gubler, Hansueli Haeberli, Wilfried Hasler, Andreas Hauck, Christian Hiller, Martin Hoelzle, Martin Lambiel, Christophe Pellet, Cécile Springman, Sarah M. Vonder Muehll, Daniel Phillips, Marcia Best practice for measuring permafrost temperature in boreholes based on the experience in the Swiss Alps |
topic_facet |
Permafrost Borehole temperatures High mountain areas Long-term monitoring Best practices |
description |
Temperature measurements in boreholes are the most common method allowing the quantitative and direct observation of permafrost evolution in the context of climate change. Existing boreholes and monitoring networks often emerged in a scientific context targeting different objectives and with different setups. A standardized, well-planned and robust instrumentation of boreholes for long-term operation is crucial to deliver comparable, high-quality data for scientific analyses and assessments. However, only a limited number of guidelines are available, particularly for mountain regions. In this paper, we discuss challenges and devise best practice recommendations for permafrost temperature measurements at single sites as well as in a network, based on two decades of experience gained in the framework of the Swiss Permafrost Monitoring Network PERMOS. These recommendations apply to permafrost observations in mountain regions, although many aspects also apply to polar lowlands. The main recommendations are (1) to thoroughly consider criteria for site selection based on the objective of the measurements as well as on preliminary studies and available data, (2) to define the sampling strategy during planification, (3) to engage experienced drilling teams who can cope with inhomogeneous and potentially unstable subsurface material, (4) to select standardized and robust instrumentation with high accuracy temperature sensors and excellent long-term stability when calibrated at 0°C, ideally with double sensors at key depths for validation and substitution of questionable data, (5) to apply standardized maintenance procedures allowing maximum comparability and minimum data processing, (6) to implement regular data control procedures, and (7) to ensure remote data access allowing for rapid trouble shooting and timely reporting. Data gaps can be avoided by timely planning of replacement boreholes. Recommendations for standardized procedures regarding data quality documentation, processing and final publication will follow later. ISSN:2296-6463 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Noetzli, Jeannette Arenson, Lukas U. Bast, Alexander Beutel, Jan Delaloye, Reynald Farinotti, Daniel Gruber, Stephan Gubler, Hansueli Haeberli, Wilfried Hasler, Andreas Hauck, Christian Hiller, Martin Hoelzle, Martin Lambiel, Christophe Pellet, Cécile Springman, Sarah M. Vonder Muehll, Daniel Phillips, Marcia |
author_facet |
Noetzli, Jeannette Arenson, Lukas U. Bast, Alexander Beutel, Jan Delaloye, Reynald Farinotti, Daniel Gruber, Stephan Gubler, Hansueli Haeberli, Wilfried Hasler, Andreas Hauck, Christian Hiller, Martin Hoelzle, Martin Lambiel, Christophe Pellet, Cécile Springman, Sarah M. Vonder Muehll, Daniel Phillips, Marcia |
author_sort |
Noetzli, Jeannette |
title |
Best practice for measuring permafrost temperature in boreholes based on the experience in the Swiss Alps |
title_short |
Best practice for measuring permafrost temperature in boreholes based on the experience in the Swiss Alps |
title_full |
Best practice for measuring permafrost temperature in boreholes based on the experience in the Swiss Alps |
title_fullStr |
Best practice for measuring permafrost temperature in boreholes based on the experience in the Swiss Alps |
title_full_unstemmed |
Best practice for measuring permafrost temperature in boreholes based on the experience in the Swiss Alps |
title_sort |
best practice for measuring permafrost temperature in boreholes based on the experience in the swiss alps |
publisher |
Frontiers Media |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/483771 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000483771 |
genre |
permafrost |
genre_facet |
permafrost |
op_source |
Frontiers in Earth Science, 9 |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3389/feart.2021.607875 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000653475000001 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/483771 doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000483771 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.11850/483771 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000483771 https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.607875 |
_version_ |
1766164886676570112 |