Assessment of Nonoccupational Exposure to DDT in the Tropics and the North: Relevance of Uptake via Inhalation from Indoor Residual Spraying
Ba c k g r o u n d: People who live in dwellings treated with indoor residual spraying (IRS) of DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane] for disease–vector control in the tropics and indig-enous populations in the Arctic who comsume marine mammals experience high nonoccupational exposure...
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ftethz:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/42397 2023-05-15T15:16:35+02:00 Assessment of Nonoccupational Exposure to DDT in the Tropics and the North: Relevance of Uptake via Inhalation from Indoor Residual Spraying Ritter, Roland Scheringer, Martin Macleod, Matthew Hungerbühler, Konrad 2011-05 application/application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/42397 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000042397 en eng National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1289/ehp.1002542 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000290089800039 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/42397 doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000042397 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/ In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted Environmental Health Perspectives, 119 (5) Biomonitoring DDT Exposure science Modeling Persistent organic pollutants info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2011 ftethz https://doi.org/20.500.11850/42397 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000042397 https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1002542 2022-04-25T13:57:10Z Ba c k g r o u n d: People who live in dwellings treated with indoor residual spraying (IRS) of DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane] for disease–vector control in the tropics and indig-enous populations in the Arctic who comsume marine mammals experience high nonoccupational exposure to DDT. Although the use of DDT in IRS is rising, the resulting nonoccupational expo-sure is poorly characterized. ob j e c t i v e s: We have provided a comparative assessment of exposure to DDT and its metabolites in the general population of the tropical and northern regions and in highly exposed populations in these regions. Me t h o d s: We compiled > 600 average or median DDT concentrations from the peer-reviewed literature, representing > 23,000 individual measurements in humans, food, air, soil, and dust. We use Monte Carlo sampling of distributions based on these data to estimate distributions of population- and route-specific uptake. We evaluate our exposure estimates by comparing them with biomonitoring data .re s u l t s: DDT concentrations are highest in people living in IRS-treated houses and lowest in the northern general population, differing by a factor of about 60. Inuits and the general population in the tropics have similar concentrations. Inhalation exposure explains most of the difference in concentration between the highly exposed and the general population in the Tropics. Calculated exposure levels are consistent with human biomonitoring data. co n c l u s i o n s: Nonoccupational inhalation exposure is a relevant exposure pathway for people living in homes treated by IRS of DDT. Continued monitoring of time trends and DDE to DDT ratios in the Tropics and in the North is needed to identify a possible slowdown in concentration decline and the influence of ongoing DDT use. ISSN:1552-9924 ISSN:0091-6765 Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic inuits ETH Zürich Research Collection Arctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
ETH Zürich Research Collection |
op_collection_id |
ftethz |
language |
English |
topic |
Biomonitoring DDT Exposure science Modeling Persistent organic pollutants |
spellingShingle |
Biomonitoring DDT Exposure science Modeling Persistent organic pollutants Ritter, Roland Scheringer, Martin Macleod, Matthew Hungerbühler, Konrad Assessment of Nonoccupational Exposure to DDT in the Tropics and the North: Relevance of Uptake via Inhalation from Indoor Residual Spraying |
topic_facet |
Biomonitoring DDT Exposure science Modeling Persistent organic pollutants |
description |
Ba c k g r o u n d: People who live in dwellings treated with indoor residual spraying (IRS) of DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane] for disease–vector control in the tropics and indig-enous populations in the Arctic who comsume marine mammals experience high nonoccupational exposure to DDT. Although the use of DDT in IRS is rising, the resulting nonoccupational expo-sure is poorly characterized. ob j e c t i v e s: We have provided a comparative assessment of exposure to DDT and its metabolites in the general population of the tropical and northern regions and in highly exposed populations in these regions. Me t h o d s: We compiled > 600 average or median DDT concentrations from the peer-reviewed literature, representing > 23,000 individual measurements in humans, food, air, soil, and dust. We use Monte Carlo sampling of distributions based on these data to estimate distributions of population- and route-specific uptake. We evaluate our exposure estimates by comparing them with biomonitoring data .re s u l t s: DDT concentrations are highest in people living in IRS-treated houses and lowest in the northern general population, differing by a factor of about 60. Inuits and the general population in the tropics have similar concentrations. Inhalation exposure explains most of the difference in concentration between the highly exposed and the general population in the Tropics. Calculated exposure levels are consistent with human biomonitoring data. co n c l u s i o n s: Nonoccupational inhalation exposure is a relevant exposure pathway for people living in homes treated by IRS of DDT. Continued monitoring of time trends and DDE to DDT ratios in the Tropics and in the North is needed to identify a possible slowdown in concentration decline and the influence of ongoing DDT use. ISSN:1552-9924 ISSN:0091-6765 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ritter, Roland Scheringer, Martin Macleod, Matthew Hungerbühler, Konrad |
author_facet |
Ritter, Roland Scheringer, Martin Macleod, Matthew Hungerbühler, Konrad |
author_sort |
Ritter, Roland |
title |
Assessment of Nonoccupational Exposure to DDT in the Tropics and the North: Relevance of Uptake via Inhalation from Indoor Residual Spraying |
title_short |
Assessment of Nonoccupational Exposure to DDT in the Tropics and the North: Relevance of Uptake via Inhalation from Indoor Residual Spraying |
title_full |
Assessment of Nonoccupational Exposure to DDT in the Tropics and the North: Relevance of Uptake via Inhalation from Indoor Residual Spraying |
title_fullStr |
Assessment of Nonoccupational Exposure to DDT in the Tropics and the North: Relevance of Uptake via Inhalation from Indoor Residual Spraying |
title_full_unstemmed |
Assessment of Nonoccupational Exposure to DDT in the Tropics and the North: Relevance of Uptake via Inhalation from Indoor Residual Spraying |
title_sort |
assessment of nonoccupational exposure to ddt in the tropics and the north: relevance of uptake via inhalation from indoor residual spraying |
publisher |
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/42397 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000042397 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic inuits |
genre_facet |
Arctic inuits |
op_source |
Environmental Health Perspectives, 119 (5) |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1289/ehp.1002542 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000290089800039 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/42397 doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000042397 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-NC/1.0/ In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.11850/42397 https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000042397 https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1002542 |
_version_ |
1766346869353480192 |