Resettlement, Resistance, and Coastal Niches on the Chukchi Peninsula
As were other regions of Russia’s North, Chukotka (Chukotskii avtonomnyi okrug) was subjected to dramatic changes during the last century. Among the major long-lasting impacts for the Chukchi and Siberian Yupik Indigenous populations was a state-implemented village relocation policy that deemed doze...
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fterudit:oai:erudit.org:1090313ar 2023-05-15T15:54:31+02:00 Resettlement, Resistance, and Coastal Niches on the Chukchi Peninsula Holzlehner, Tobias 2021 http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1090313ar https://doi.org/10.7202/1090313ar en eng Centre interuniversitaire d’études et de recherches autochtones (CIÉRA) Érudit Études Inuit Studies vol. 45 no. 1-2 (2021) http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1090313ar doi:10.7202/1090313ar Tous droits réservés © La revue Études Inuit Studies, 2021 Chukotka Chukchi Siberian Yupik settlements displacement resistance mobility hunting camps coastal landscape Tchoukotka Tchouktche Yupik de Sibérie peuplements déplacement résistance mobilité camps de chasse paysage côtier Чукотка чукчи сибирские эскимосы-юпик поселения перемещение сопротивление мобильность охотничьи стоянки прибрежный ландшафт text 2021 fterudit https://doi.org/10.7202/1090313ar 2022-09-24T23:20:00Z As were other regions of Russia’s North, Chukotka (Chukotskii avtonomnyi okrug) was subjected to dramatic changes during the last century. Among the major long-lasting impacts for the Chukchi and Siberian Yupik Indigenous populations was a state-implemented village relocation policy that deemed dozens of historic settlements “unprofitable”, thus subject to forced closure and resettlement. Traumatic loss of homeland, the curbing of native patterns of (maritime) mobility, and the vanishing of traditional socioeconomic structures sent devastating ripples through the fabric of Indigenous communities, with disastrous results on societal health. To explore the intricate relationships between state-enforced resettlement and landscape interaction, particularly the perception and utilization of the environment, it is critical to look closely at Chukotka’s coastal environment. The article argues that the unique coastal landscape of Chukotka has influenced—while mitigating—the effects of the forced relocations. Improvised design and the reclaiming of formerly closed settlement sites play a paramount role here, with the reoccupation of old settlement niches representing a reconnection with a lost relationship to the littoral environment. The contemporary inhabitation and utilization of formerly closed villages show how the coastal landscape represents not only a “reservoir” in an ecological sense, but also a littoral reserve by providing the space for alternatives outside the congregated communities. Displacement destroys the sense of community, but in a reverse logic, a sense of community can also be established through renewed emplacement. The creation of autonomous social spaces is therefore part of an ongoing spatial resistance that actively uses the ecological niches of a coastal landscape to counter the long-lasting and detrimental effects of state-enforced resettlement policies. Comme d’autres régions du nord de la Russie, la Tchoukotka (Čukotskij Avtonomnyj Okrug) a subi des changements spectaculaires au cours du ... Text Chukchi Chukchi Peninsula Chukotka Études/Inuit/Studies Siberian Yupik Tchouktche* Yupik ЧУКОТКА чукчи Érudit.org (Université Montréal) Études/Inuit/Studies 45 1-2 121 |
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Open Polar |
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Érudit.org (Université Montréal) |
op_collection_id |
fterudit |
language |
English |
topic |
Chukotka Chukchi Siberian Yupik settlements displacement resistance mobility hunting camps coastal landscape Tchoukotka Tchouktche Yupik de Sibérie peuplements déplacement résistance mobilité camps de chasse paysage côtier Чукотка чукчи сибирские эскимосы-юпик поселения перемещение сопротивление мобильность охотничьи стоянки прибрежный ландшафт |
spellingShingle |
Chukotka Chukchi Siberian Yupik settlements displacement resistance mobility hunting camps coastal landscape Tchoukotka Tchouktche Yupik de Sibérie peuplements déplacement résistance mobilité camps de chasse paysage côtier Чукотка чукчи сибирские эскимосы-юпик поселения перемещение сопротивление мобильность охотничьи стоянки прибрежный ландшафт Holzlehner, Tobias Resettlement, Resistance, and Coastal Niches on the Chukchi Peninsula |
topic_facet |
Chukotka Chukchi Siberian Yupik settlements displacement resistance mobility hunting camps coastal landscape Tchoukotka Tchouktche Yupik de Sibérie peuplements déplacement résistance mobilité camps de chasse paysage côtier Чукотка чукчи сибирские эскимосы-юпик поселения перемещение сопротивление мобильность охотничьи стоянки прибрежный ландшафт |
description |
As were other regions of Russia’s North, Chukotka (Chukotskii avtonomnyi okrug) was subjected to dramatic changes during the last century. Among the major long-lasting impacts for the Chukchi and Siberian Yupik Indigenous populations was a state-implemented village relocation policy that deemed dozens of historic settlements “unprofitable”, thus subject to forced closure and resettlement. Traumatic loss of homeland, the curbing of native patterns of (maritime) mobility, and the vanishing of traditional socioeconomic structures sent devastating ripples through the fabric of Indigenous communities, with disastrous results on societal health. To explore the intricate relationships between state-enforced resettlement and landscape interaction, particularly the perception and utilization of the environment, it is critical to look closely at Chukotka’s coastal environment. The article argues that the unique coastal landscape of Chukotka has influenced—while mitigating—the effects of the forced relocations. Improvised design and the reclaiming of formerly closed settlement sites play a paramount role here, with the reoccupation of old settlement niches representing a reconnection with a lost relationship to the littoral environment. The contemporary inhabitation and utilization of formerly closed villages show how the coastal landscape represents not only a “reservoir” in an ecological sense, but also a littoral reserve by providing the space for alternatives outside the congregated communities. Displacement destroys the sense of community, but in a reverse logic, a sense of community can also be established through renewed emplacement. The creation of autonomous social spaces is therefore part of an ongoing spatial resistance that actively uses the ecological niches of a coastal landscape to counter the long-lasting and detrimental effects of state-enforced resettlement policies. Comme d’autres régions du nord de la Russie, la Tchoukotka (Čukotskij Avtonomnyj Okrug) a subi des changements spectaculaires au cours du ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Holzlehner, Tobias |
author_facet |
Holzlehner, Tobias |
author_sort |
Holzlehner, Tobias |
title |
Resettlement, Resistance, and Coastal Niches on the Chukchi Peninsula |
title_short |
Resettlement, Resistance, and Coastal Niches on the Chukchi Peninsula |
title_full |
Resettlement, Resistance, and Coastal Niches on the Chukchi Peninsula |
title_fullStr |
Resettlement, Resistance, and Coastal Niches on the Chukchi Peninsula |
title_full_unstemmed |
Resettlement, Resistance, and Coastal Niches on the Chukchi Peninsula |
title_sort |
resettlement, resistance, and coastal niches on the chukchi peninsula |
publisher |
Centre interuniversitaire d’études et de recherches autochtones (CIÉRA) |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1090313ar https://doi.org/10.7202/1090313ar |
genre |
Chukchi Chukchi Peninsula Chukotka Études/Inuit/Studies Siberian Yupik Tchouktche* Yupik ЧУКОТКА чукчи |
genre_facet |
Chukchi Chukchi Peninsula Chukotka Études/Inuit/Studies Siberian Yupik Tchouktche* Yupik ЧУКОТКА чукчи |
op_relation |
Études Inuit Studies vol. 45 no. 1-2 (2021) http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1090313ar doi:10.7202/1090313ar |
op_rights |
Tous droits réservés © La revue Études Inuit Studies, 2021 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.7202/1090313ar |
container_title |
Études/Inuit/Studies |
container_volume |
45 |
container_issue |
1-2 |
container_start_page |
121 |
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1766389749296136192 |