The diffusion of Chukchi “magic words” in Chukotkan and St. Lawrence Island Yupik folklore texts

The languages of the Siberian Yupik region, including Chukotka in the Russian Far East and St. Lawrence Island, Alaska, have been heavily influenced by Chukchi, a genetically unrelated language. In this paper, I focus on Chukchi influences on Yupik folklore. Apparently meaningless “magic words” or f...

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Published in:Études/Inuit/Studies
Main Author: de Reuse, Willem J.
Format: Text
Language:English
Published: Association Inuksiutiit Katimajiit Inc. 2007
Subjects:
Online Access:http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/019722ar
https://doi.org/10.7202/019722ar
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spelling fterudit:oai:erudit.org:019722ar 2023-05-15T15:54:20+02:00 The diffusion of Chukchi “magic words” in Chukotkan and St. Lawrence Island Yupik folklore texts de Reuse, Willem J. 2007 http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/019722ar https://doi.org/10.7202/019722ar en eng Association Inuksiutiit Katimajiit Inc. Centre interuniversitaire d'études et de recherches autochtones (CIÉRA) Érudit Études/Inuit/Studies vol. 31 no. 1-2 (2007) http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/019722ar doi:10.7202/019722ar Tous droits réservés © La revue Études/Inuit/Studies, 2007 text 2007 fterudit https://doi.org/10.7202/019722ar 2022-09-24T23:13:28Z The languages of the Siberian Yupik region, including Chukotka in the Russian Far East and St. Lawrence Island, Alaska, have been heavily influenced by Chukchi, a genetically unrelated language. In this paper, I focus on Chukchi influences on Yupik folklore. Apparently meaningless “magic words” or formulae used in Yupik tales often appear to be of Chukchi origin. In Chukotka, their Chukchi origin is sometimes recognized by speakers of Yupik, but on St. Lawrence Island, the origin and meaning of the “magic words” is not recognized. The existence of “magic words” provides us with information about the sociolinguistic relationship between Siberian Yupik speakers and Chukchi. The Chukchi were in a position of power with respect to the Siberian Yupiget since they were more numerous, and since the Yupiget depended on them for trade. As a result, the Yupiget saw their Chukchi neighbours and their language as threatening and mysterious, and expressed this feeling by having the foreign protagonists of their tales talk in this strange language. Les langues de la région sibérienne yupik, incluant la Tchoukotka de l’Extrême-Orient russe et l’île Saint-Laurent en Alaska, ont subi l’influence du tchouktche, une langue qui ne leur est pas génétiquement apparentée. Dans cet article, on traite des influences tchouktches sur le folklore yupik. Certaines formules magiques utilisées dans des contes yupik semblent à première vue être sans signification, mais en réalité sont souvent d’origine tchouktche. Dans la Tchoukotka, leur origine tchouktche est parfois reconnue par les locuteurs du yupik, mais sur l’île Saint-Laurent, l’origine et la signification des formules magiques sont considerées obscures. L’existence de ces formules magiques est révélatrice des rapports sociolinguistiques entre les Yupiget sibériens et les Tchouktches. Les Tchouktches détenaient une position de suprématie vis-à-vis des Yupiget parce qu’ils étaient plus nombreux qu'eux et parce que les Yupiget étaient économiquement dépendants des Tchouktches. Il ... Text Chukchi Chukotka Études/Inuit/Studies Siberian Yupik St Lawrence Island St. Lawrence Island Yupik Tchouktche* Yupik Alaska Érudit.org (Université Montréal) Lawrence Island ENVELOPE(-103.718,-103.718,56.967,56.967) Études/Inuit/Studies 31 1-2 201 211
institution Open Polar
collection Érudit.org (Université Montréal)
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language English
description The languages of the Siberian Yupik region, including Chukotka in the Russian Far East and St. Lawrence Island, Alaska, have been heavily influenced by Chukchi, a genetically unrelated language. In this paper, I focus on Chukchi influences on Yupik folklore. Apparently meaningless “magic words” or formulae used in Yupik tales often appear to be of Chukchi origin. In Chukotka, their Chukchi origin is sometimes recognized by speakers of Yupik, but on St. Lawrence Island, the origin and meaning of the “magic words” is not recognized. The existence of “magic words” provides us with information about the sociolinguistic relationship between Siberian Yupik speakers and Chukchi. The Chukchi were in a position of power with respect to the Siberian Yupiget since they were more numerous, and since the Yupiget depended on them for trade. As a result, the Yupiget saw their Chukchi neighbours and their language as threatening and mysterious, and expressed this feeling by having the foreign protagonists of their tales talk in this strange language. Les langues de la région sibérienne yupik, incluant la Tchoukotka de l’Extrême-Orient russe et l’île Saint-Laurent en Alaska, ont subi l’influence du tchouktche, une langue qui ne leur est pas génétiquement apparentée. Dans cet article, on traite des influences tchouktches sur le folklore yupik. Certaines formules magiques utilisées dans des contes yupik semblent à première vue être sans signification, mais en réalité sont souvent d’origine tchouktche. Dans la Tchoukotka, leur origine tchouktche est parfois reconnue par les locuteurs du yupik, mais sur l’île Saint-Laurent, l’origine et la signification des formules magiques sont considerées obscures. L’existence de ces formules magiques est révélatrice des rapports sociolinguistiques entre les Yupiget sibériens et les Tchouktches. Les Tchouktches détenaient une position de suprématie vis-à-vis des Yupiget parce qu’ils étaient plus nombreux qu'eux et parce que les Yupiget étaient économiquement dépendants des Tchouktches. Il ...
format Text
author de Reuse, Willem J.
spellingShingle de Reuse, Willem J.
The diffusion of Chukchi “magic words” in Chukotkan and St. Lawrence Island Yupik folklore texts
author_facet de Reuse, Willem J.
author_sort de Reuse, Willem J.
title The diffusion of Chukchi “magic words” in Chukotkan and St. Lawrence Island Yupik folklore texts
title_short The diffusion of Chukchi “magic words” in Chukotkan and St. Lawrence Island Yupik folklore texts
title_full The diffusion of Chukchi “magic words” in Chukotkan and St. Lawrence Island Yupik folklore texts
title_fullStr The diffusion of Chukchi “magic words” in Chukotkan and St. Lawrence Island Yupik folklore texts
title_full_unstemmed The diffusion of Chukchi “magic words” in Chukotkan and St. Lawrence Island Yupik folklore texts
title_sort diffusion of chukchi “magic words” in chukotkan and st. lawrence island yupik folklore texts
publisher Association Inuksiutiit Katimajiit Inc.
publishDate 2007
url http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/019722ar
https://doi.org/10.7202/019722ar
long_lat ENVELOPE(-103.718,-103.718,56.967,56.967)
geographic Lawrence Island
geographic_facet Lawrence Island
genre Chukchi
Chukotka
Études/Inuit/Studies
Siberian Yupik
St Lawrence Island
St. Lawrence Island Yupik
Tchouktche*
Yupik
Alaska
genre_facet Chukchi
Chukotka
Études/Inuit/Studies
Siberian Yupik
St Lawrence Island
St. Lawrence Island Yupik
Tchouktche*
Yupik
Alaska
op_relation Études/Inuit/Studies
vol. 31 no. 1-2 (2007)
http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/019722ar
doi:10.7202/019722ar
op_rights Tous droits réservés © La revue Études/Inuit/Studies, 2007
op_doi https://doi.org/10.7202/019722ar
container_title Études/Inuit/Studies
container_volume 31
container_issue 1-2
container_start_page 201
op_container_end_page 211
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