Nutrient input from seamounts and hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean : impacts on the pelagic ecosystems and implications for conservation
Bottom-up forces control a large fraction of marine ecosystem variability. In the Southern Ocean, intense contrasts in the distribution of pelagic ecosystems are driven by the iron limitation of biological productivity and the vigorous Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Massive phytoplankton blooms stem...
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Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2021
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Online Access: | https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719580 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719580/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719580/file/SERGI_Sara_2021_v2.pdf |
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ftepunivpsaclay:oai:HAL:tel-03719580v1 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay: HAL |
op_collection_id |
ftepunivpsaclay |
language |
English |
topic |
Phytoplankton blooms Lagrangian analyisis Bottom-up forcings Antarctic Circumpolar Current Blooms phytoplanctoniques Analyse Lagrangienne Forçages bottom-up Nutriments profonds Hotspots pélagiques Courant Circumpolaire Antarctique [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
Phytoplankton blooms Lagrangian analyisis Bottom-up forcings Antarctic Circumpolar Current Blooms phytoplanctoniques Analyse Lagrangienne Forçages bottom-up Nutriments profonds Hotspots pélagiques Courant Circumpolaire Antarctique [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography Sergi, Sara Nutrient input from seamounts and hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean : impacts on the pelagic ecosystems and implications for conservation |
topic_facet |
Phytoplankton blooms Lagrangian analyisis Bottom-up forcings Antarctic Circumpolar Current Blooms phytoplanctoniques Analyse Lagrangienne Forçages bottom-up Nutriments profonds Hotspots pélagiques Courant Circumpolaire Antarctique [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
description |
Bottom-up forces control a large fraction of marine ecosystem variability. In the Southern Ocean, intense contrasts in the distribution of pelagic ecosystems are driven by the iron limitation of biological productivity and the vigorous Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Massive phytoplankton blooms stemming from islands support large trophic chains. By comparison, the impact of deep nutrient sources on the pelagic production appears negligible. Conservation efforts in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current are in line with this description, with Marine Protected Areas only occurring around islands. By combining multi-satellite data, in-situ observations, animal telemetry data and model outputs, this thesis revaluates the ecological role of deep nutrient sources. Lagrangian analyses of altimetry-derived velocity fields link vast phytoplankton blooms to hydrothermal vents or seamounts. The studies contained in this thesis demonstrate that bottom-up forcings driven by deep nutrient sources shape the pelagic seascape at basin scale (O(103 km)) from primary producers up to megafauna species. These findings underline the ecological importance of the open Southern Ocean waters and advocate for a connected vision of future conservation actions along the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The analyses of bottom-up forcings are consequentially considered within the CCAMLR’s effort for developing a representative system of Marine Protected Areas and within the ongoing extension project of the French Saint Paul and Amsterdam islands’ Marine Protected Areas. Les processus bottom-up contôlent une portion importante de la variabilité des écosystèmes marins. Dans l'océan Austral, des contrastes intenses dans la distribution des écosystèmes pélagiques sont génerés par la limitation de la production primaire par le fer et la Courant Circumpolaire Antarctique. Les efflorescences massives en phytoplancton en aval des îles entretiennent des vastes réseaux trophiques. En comparaison, l'impact des sources profondes de nutriments sur la ... |
author2 |
Processus et interactions de fine échelle océanique (PROTEO) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité) Sorbonne Université Francesco D'Ovidio |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Sergi, Sara |
author_facet |
Sergi, Sara |
author_sort |
Sergi, Sara |
title |
Nutrient input from seamounts and hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean : impacts on the pelagic ecosystems and implications for conservation |
title_short |
Nutrient input from seamounts and hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean : impacts on the pelagic ecosystems and implications for conservation |
title_full |
Nutrient input from seamounts and hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean : impacts on the pelagic ecosystems and implications for conservation |
title_fullStr |
Nutrient input from seamounts and hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean : impacts on the pelagic ecosystems and implications for conservation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nutrient input from seamounts and hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean : impacts on the pelagic ecosystems and implications for conservation |
title_sort |
nutrient input from seamounts and hydrothermal vents in the southern ocean : impacts on the pelagic ecosystems and implications for conservation |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719580 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719580/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719580/file/SERGI_Sara_2021_v2.pdf |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctique* Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctique* Southern Ocean |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719580 Oceanography. Sorbonne Université, 2021. English. ⟨NNT : 2021SORUS508⟩ |
op_relation |
NNT: 2021SORUS508 tel-03719580 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719580 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719580/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719580/file/SERGI_Sara_2021_v2.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1799470025669607424 |
spelling |
ftepunivpsaclay:oai:HAL:tel-03719580v1 2024-05-19T07:32:04+00:00 Nutrient input from seamounts and hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean : impacts on the pelagic ecosystems and implications for conservation Apport en nutriments par les monts sous-marins et les vents hydrothermaux dans l’océan Austral : effets sur les écosystèmes pélagiques et implications pour la conservation Sergi, Sara Processus et interactions de fine échelle océanique (PROTEO) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité) Sorbonne Université Francesco D'Ovidio 2021-09-27 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719580 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719580/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719580/file/SERGI_Sara_2021_v2.pdf en eng HAL CCSD NNT: 2021SORUS508 tel-03719580 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719580 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719580/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719580/file/SERGI_Sara_2021_v2.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719580 Oceanography. Sorbonne Université, 2021. English. ⟨NNT : 2021SORUS508⟩ Phytoplankton blooms Lagrangian analyisis Bottom-up forcings Antarctic Circumpolar Current Blooms phytoplanctoniques Analyse Lagrangienne Forçages bottom-up Nutriments profonds Hotspots pélagiques Courant Circumpolaire Antarctique [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2021 ftepunivpsaclay 2024-04-25T00:38:44Z Bottom-up forces control a large fraction of marine ecosystem variability. In the Southern Ocean, intense contrasts in the distribution of pelagic ecosystems are driven by the iron limitation of biological productivity and the vigorous Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Massive phytoplankton blooms stemming from islands support large trophic chains. By comparison, the impact of deep nutrient sources on the pelagic production appears negligible. Conservation efforts in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current are in line with this description, with Marine Protected Areas only occurring around islands. By combining multi-satellite data, in-situ observations, animal telemetry data and model outputs, this thesis revaluates the ecological role of deep nutrient sources. Lagrangian analyses of altimetry-derived velocity fields link vast phytoplankton blooms to hydrothermal vents or seamounts. The studies contained in this thesis demonstrate that bottom-up forcings driven by deep nutrient sources shape the pelagic seascape at basin scale (O(103 km)) from primary producers up to megafauna species. These findings underline the ecological importance of the open Southern Ocean waters and advocate for a connected vision of future conservation actions along the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The analyses of bottom-up forcings are consequentially considered within the CCAMLR’s effort for developing a representative system of Marine Protected Areas and within the ongoing extension project of the French Saint Paul and Amsterdam islands’ Marine Protected Areas. Les processus bottom-up contôlent une portion importante de la variabilité des écosystèmes marins. Dans l'océan Austral, des contrastes intenses dans la distribution des écosystèmes pélagiques sont génerés par la limitation de la production primaire par le fer et la Courant Circumpolaire Antarctique. Les efflorescences massives en phytoplancton en aval des îles entretiennent des vastes réseaux trophiques. En comparaison, l'impact des sources profondes de nutriments sur la ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Antarc* Antarctic Antarctique* Southern Ocean École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay: HAL |