Preparation and analysis of the observations of the atmosphere and ices of Pluto by the NASA new horizons spacecraft using numerical climate models
On July 14, 2015, the New Horizons spacecraft flew by Pluto and revealed an active frozen world.These observations call upon modelling efforts to complete their analysis and understand the mechanisms at play on Pluto. For this purpose, we have developed two numerical models of Pluto’s climate: a 2D...
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ftepunivpsaclay:oai:HAL:tel-01746075v2 2024-06-09T07:46:42+00:00 Preparation and analysis of the observations of the atmosphere and ices of Pluto by the NASA new horizons spacecraft using numerical climate models Préparation et analyses des observations de l'atmosphère et des glaces de Pluton par la mission NASA New Horizons à l'aide de modèles numériques de climat Bertrand, Tanguy Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI François Forget Emmanuel Lellouch 2017-09-27 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01746075 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01746075v2/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01746075v2/file/2017PA066243.pdf fr fre HAL CCSD NNT: 2017PA066243 tel-01746075 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01746075 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01746075v2/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01746075v2/file/2017PA066243.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-01746075 Astrophysique [astro-ph]. Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2017. Français. ⟨NNT : 2017PA066243⟩ Atmosphere Pluto Paleoclimate Planétologie Atmosphère Pluton Climat Modélisation Aérosols [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2017 ftepunivpsaclay 2024-05-16T12:33:47Z On July 14, 2015, the New Horizons spacecraft flew by Pluto and revealed an active frozen world.These observations call upon modelling efforts to complete their analysis and understand the mechanisms at play on Pluto. For this purpose, we have developed two numerical models of Pluto’s climate: a 2D model dedicated to the study of Pluto’s surface and a 3D model of Pluto’s atmosphere. We analyse the annual and paleoclimatic volatile cycles. Our simulations reproduce the distribution of the volatile observed on Pluto’s surface and their abundance in the atmosphere. We show that the solar insolation on Pluto and the nature of its atmosphere favour the condensation of nitrogen in the Sputnik Planitia basin, as observed. We simulate the glacial activity of the Sputnik Planitia ice cap on a timescale of millions of years, as well as the formation of methane glaciers at the equator. Our results are in agreement with the observations. We then focus on Pluto’s atmosphere in 2015 with the full 3D model where we performed a comprehensive characterization of the atmosphere: wind regimes, cloud formation, temperatures etc. .We demonstrate the sensitivity of the general circulation to the distribution of the nitrogen ice on the surface and show that Pluto’s atmosphere currently undergoes retrograde rotation, induced by the condensation-sublimation of nitrogen in Sputnik Planitia. We also show that several phenomena originate at the cold boundary layer observed deep in Sputnik Planitia. Finally, by reproducing the processes that lead to the formation of organic haze, we simulate haze transport in the atmosphere and explain the greater extension of the haze observed at the north pole. Le 14 juillet 2015, la sonde New Horizons a survolé Pluton et a révélé un monde glacé débordant d’activité. Pour interpréter les observations, nous avons développé deux modèles numériques, l’un simulant les interactions surface-atmosphère des espèces volatiles sur des milliers d’années, l’autre dédié au climat 3D complet de Pluton. Avec ces ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Ice cap École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay: HAL North Pole Sputnik ENVELOPE(66.167,66.167,-70.833,-70.833) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay: HAL |
op_collection_id |
ftepunivpsaclay |
language |
French |
topic |
Atmosphere Pluto Paleoclimate Planétologie Atmosphère Pluton Climat Modélisation Aérosols [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] |
spellingShingle |
Atmosphere Pluto Paleoclimate Planétologie Atmosphère Pluton Climat Modélisation Aérosols [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] Bertrand, Tanguy Preparation and analysis of the observations of the atmosphere and ices of Pluto by the NASA new horizons spacecraft using numerical climate models |
topic_facet |
Atmosphere Pluto Paleoclimate Planétologie Atmosphère Pluton Climat Modélisation Aérosols [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] |
description |
On July 14, 2015, the New Horizons spacecraft flew by Pluto and revealed an active frozen world.These observations call upon modelling efforts to complete their analysis and understand the mechanisms at play on Pluto. For this purpose, we have developed two numerical models of Pluto’s climate: a 2D model dedicated to the study of Pluto’s surface and a 3D model of Pluto’s atmosphere. We analyse the annual and paleoclimatic volatile cycles. Our simulations reproduce the distribution of the volatile observed on Pluto’s surface and their abundance in the atmosphere. We show that the solar insolation on Pluto and the nature of its atmosphere favour the condensation of nitrogen in the Sputnik Planitia basin, as observed. We simulate the glacial activity of the Sputnik Planitia ice cap on a timescale of millions of years, as well as the formation of methane glaciers at the equator. Our results are in agreement with the observations. We then focus on Pluto’s atmosphere in 2015 with the full 3D model where we performed a comprehensive characterization of the atmosphere: wind regimes, cloud formation, temperatures etc. .We demonstrate the sensitivity of the general circulation to the distribution of the nitrogen ice on the surface and show that Pluto’s atmosphere currently undergoes retrograde rotation, induced by the condensation-sublimation of nitrogen in Sputnik Planitia. We also show that several phenomena originate at the cold boundary layer observed deep in Sputnik Planitia. Finally, by reproducing the processes that lead to the formation of organic haze, we simulate haze transport in the atmosphere and explain the greater extension of the haze observed at the north pole. Le 14 juillet 2015, la sonde New Horizons a survolé Pluton et a révélé un monde glacé débordant d’activité. Pour interpréter les observations, nous avons développé deux modèles numériques, l’un simulant les interactions surface-atmosphère des espèces volatiles sur des milliers d’années, l’autre dédié au climat 3D complet de Pluton. Avec ces ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI François Forget Emmanuel Lellouch |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Bertrand, Tanguy |
author_facet |
Bertrand, Tanguy |
author_sort |
Bertrand, Tanguy |
title |
Preparation and analysis of the observations of the atmosphere and ices of Pluto by the NASA new horizons spacecraft using numerical climate models |
title_short |
Preparation and analysis of the observations of the atmosphere and ices of Pluto by the NASA new horizons spacecraft using numerical climate models |
title_full |
Preparation and analysis of the observations of the atmosphere and ices of Pluto by the NASA new horizons spacecraft using numerical climate models |
title_fullStr |
Preparation and analysis of the observations of the atmosphere and ices of Pluto by the NASA new horizons spacecraft using numerical climate models |
title_full_unstemmed |
Preparation and analysis of the observations of the atmosphere and ices of Pluto by the NASA new horizons spacecraft using numerical climate models |
title_sort |
preparation and analysis of the observations of the atmosphere and ices of pluto by the nasa new horizons spacecraft using numerical climate models |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01746075 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01746075v2/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01746075v2/file/2017PA066243.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(66.167,66.167,-70.833,-70.833) |
geographic |
North Pole Sputnik |
geographic_facet |
North Pole Sputnik |
genre |
Ice cap |
genre_facet |
Ice cap |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01746075 Astrophysique [astro-ph]. Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2017. Français. ⟨NNT : 2017PA066243⟩ |
op_relation |
NNT: 2017PA066243 tel-01746075 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01746075 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01746075v2/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01746075v2/file/2017PA066243.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1801376667534360576 |