On the Linkage Between Rossby Wave Phase Speed, Atmospheric Blocking, and Arctic Amplification
International audience It has been hypothesized that enhanced Arctic warming with respect to midlatitudes, known as Arctic amplification, had led to a deceleration of eastward propagating Rossby waves, more frequent atmospheric blocking, and extreme weather in recent decades. We employ a novel, dail...
Published in: | Geophysical Research Letters |
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-03013594 https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL087796 |
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ftepunivpsaclay:oai:HAL:hal-03013594v1 2024-06-09T07:43:28+00:00 On the Linkage Between Rossby Wave Phase Speed, Atmospheric Blocking, and Arctic Amplification Riboldi, Jacopo Lott, François d'Andrea, Fabio Rivière, Gwendal Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) 2020-10-16 https://hal.science/hal-03013594 https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL087796 en eng HAL CCSD American Geophysical Union info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2020GL087796 hal-03013594 https://hal.science/hal-03013594 doi:10.1029/2020GL087796 ISSN: 0094-8276 EISSN: 1944-8007 Geophysical Research Letters https://hal.science/hal-03013594 Geophysical Research Letters, 2020, 47 (19), ⟨10.1029/2020GL087796⟩ [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2020 ftepunivpsaclay https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL087796 2024-05-16T12:18:45Z International audience It has been hypothesized that enhanced Arctic warming with respect to midlatitudes, known as Arctic amplification, had led to a deceleration of eastward propagating Rossby waves, more frequent atmospheric blocking, and extreme weather in recent decades. We employ a novel, daily climatology of Rossby wave phase speed between March 1979 and November 2018, based on upper-level wind data, to test this hypothesis and describe phase speed variability. The diagnostic distinguishes between periods of enhanced or reduced eastward wave propagation and is related to the occurrence of blocking and extreme temperatures over midlatitudes. While remaining tied to the upper-level geopotential gradient, decadal trends in phase speed did not accompany the observed reduction in the low-level temperature gradient. These results confirm the link between low phase speeds and extreme temperature events, but indicate that Arctic amplification did not play a decisive role in modulating phase speed variability in recent decades. Plain Language Summary The Arctic is warming more rapidly than midlatitudes and the temperature difference between those regions is being reduced. As a result, it has been hypothesized that the jet stream will decrease in intensity and its meanders will move more slowly eastward, leading to more persistent or even extreme weather conditions. As the persistence of weather can substantially vary within and between seasons, assessing long-term changes is not trivial. To tackle this problem, we develop a "weather speedometer" and quantify the west-east displacements of jet meanders over Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes. This metric diagnoses whether jet meanders are on average propagating eastward (positive values), stagnating, or even retrogressing westward (negative values) on each day between March 1979 and November 2018. Using this metric, we confirm that low-speed periods are related to temperature extremes over northern midlatitudes. We also assess that there has not been an overall ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay: HAL Arctic Geophysical Research Letters 47 19 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay: HAL |
op_collection_id |
ftepunivpsaclay |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology Riboldi, Jacopo Lott, François d'Andrea, Fabio Rivière, Gwendal On the Linkage Between Rossby Wave Phase Speed, Atmospheric Blocking, and Arctic Amplification |
topic_facet |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology |
description |
International audience It has been hypothesized that enhanced Arctic warming with respect to midlatitudes, known as Arctic amplification, had led to a deceleration of eastward propagating Rossby waves, more frequent atmospheric blocking, and extreme weather in recent decades. We employ a novel, daily climatology of Rossby wave phase speed between March 1979 and November 2018, based on upper-level wind data, to test this hypothesis and describe phase speed variability. The diagnostic distinguishes between periods of enhanced or reduced eastward wave propagation and is related to the occurrence of blocking and extreme temperatures over midlatitudes. While remaining tied to the upper-level geopotential gradient, decadal trends in phase speed did not accompany the observed reduction in the low-level temperature gradient. These results confirm the link between low phase speeds and extreme temperature events, but indicate that Arctic amplification did not play a decisive role in modulating phase speed variability in recent decades. Plain Language Summary The Arctic is warming more rapidly than midlatitudes and the temperature difference between those regions is being reduced. As a result, it has been hypothesized that the jet stream will decrease in intensity and its meanders will move more slowly eastward, leading to more persistent or even extreme weather conditions. As the persistence of weather can substantially vary within and between seasons, assessing long-term changes is not trivial. To tackle this problem, we develop a "weather speedometer" and quantify the west-east displacements of jet meanders over Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes. This metric diagnoses whether jet meanders are on average propagating eastward (positive values), stagnating, or even retrogressing westward (negative values) on each day between March 1979 and November 2018. Using this metric, we confirm that low-speed periods are related to temperature extremes over northern midlatitudes. We also assess that there has not been an overall ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Riboldi, Jacopo Lott, François d'Andrea, Fabio Rivière, Gwendal |
author_facet |
Riboldi, Jacopo Lott, François d'Andrea, Fabio Rivière, Gwendal |
author_sort |
Riboldi, Jacopo |
title |
On the Linkage Between Rossby Wave Phase Speed, Atmospheric Blocking, and Arctic Amplification |
title_short |
On the Linkage Between Rossby Wave Phase Speed, Atmospheric Blocking, and Arctic Amplification |
title_full |
On the Linkage Between Rossby Wave Phase Speed, Atmospheric Blocking, and Arctic Amplification |
title_fullStr |
On the Linkage Between Rossby Wave Phase Speed, Atmospheric Blocking, and Arctic Amplification |
title_full_unstemmed |
On the Linkage Between Rossby Wave Phase Speed, Atmospheric Blocking, and Arctic Amplification |
title_sort |
on the linkage between rossby wave phase speed, atmospheric blocking, and arctic amplification |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-03013594 https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL087796 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
ISSN: 0094-8276 EISSN: 1944-8007 Geophysical Research Letters https://hal.science/hal-03013594 Geophysical Research Letters, 2020, 47 (19), ⟨10.1029/2020GL087796⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2020GL087796 hal-03013594 https://hal.science/hal-03013594 doi:10.1029/2020GL087796 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL087796 |
container_title |
Geophysical Research Letters |
container_volume |
47 |
container_issue |
19 |
_version_ |
1801372288521601024 |