Autonomous profiling float observations of the high-biomass plume downstream of the Kerguelen Plateau in the Southern Ocean
International audience Natural iron fertilisation from Southern Ocean islands results in high primary production and phytoplank-ton biomass accumulations readily visible in satellite ocean colour observations. These images reveal great spatial complexity with highly varying concentrations of chlorop...
Published in: | Biogeosciences |
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Main Authors: | , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2015
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-01496716 https://hal.science/hal-01496716/document https://hal.science/hal-01496716/file/bg-12-2707-2015.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2707-2015 |
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ftepunivpsaclay:oai:HAL:hal-01496716v1 |
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openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay: HAL |
op_collection_id |
ftepunivpsaclay |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography Grenier, Mélanie Della Penna, Alice Trull, Thomas W. Autonomous profiling float observations of the high-biomass plume downstream of the Kerguelen Plateau in the Southern Ocean |
topic_facet |
[SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
description |
International audience Natural iron fertilisation from Southern Ocean islands results in high primary production and phytoplank-ton biomass accumulations readily visible in satellite ocean colour observations. These images reveal great spatial complexity with highly varying concentrations of chlorophyll, presumably reflecting both variations in iron supply and conditions favouring phytoplankton accumulation. To examine the second aspect, in particular the influences of variations in temperature and mixed layer depth, we deployed four autonomous profiling floats in the Antarctic Circumpo-lar Current near the Kerguelen Plateau in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. Each "bio-profiler" measured more than 250 profiles of temperature (T), salinity (S), dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll a (Chl a) fluorescence, and particulate backscattering (b bp) in the top 300 m of the water column, sampling up to 5 profiles per day along meandering trajecto-ries extending up to 1000 km. Comparison of surface Chl a estimates (analogous to values from satellite images) with total water column inventories revealed largely linear relationships , suggesting that these images provide credible information on total and not just surface biomass spatial distributions. However, they also showed that physical mixed layer depths are often not a reliable guide to biomass distributions. Regions of very high Chl a accumulation (1.5-10 µg L −1) were associated predominantly with a narrow T-S class of surface waters. In contrast, waters with only moderate Chl a enrichments (0.5-1.5 µg L −1) displayed no clear correlation with specific water properties, including no dependence on mixed layer depth or the intensity of stratifica-tion. Geostrophic trajectory analysis suggests that both these observations can be explained if the main determinant of biomass in a given water parcel is the time since leaving the Kerguelen Plateau. One float became trapped in a cyclonic eddy, allowing temporal evaluation of the water column in early autumn. During this ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre (ACE-CRC) Processus de couplage à Petite Echelle, Ecosystèmes et Prédateurs Supérieurs (PEPS) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies Hobart (IMAS) University of Tasmania Hobart, Australia (UTAS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Grenier, Mélanie Della Penna, Alice Trull, Thomas W. |
author_facet |
Grenier, Mélanie Della Penna, Alice Trull, Thomas W. |
author_sort |
Grenier, Mélanie |
title |
Autonomous profiling float observations of the high-biomass plume downstream of the Kerguelen Plateau in the Southern Ocean |
title_short |
Autonomous profiling float observations of the high-biomass plume downstream of the Kerguelen Plateau in the Southern Ocean |
title_full |
Autonomous profiling float observations of the high-biomass plume downstream of the Kerguelen Plateau in the Southern Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Autonomous profiling float observations of the high-biomass plume downstream of the Kerguelen Plateau in the Southern Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Autonomous profiling float observations of the high-biomass plume downstream of the Kerguelen Plateau in the Southern Ocean |
title_sort |
autonomous profiling float observations of the high-biomass plume downstream of the kerguelen plateau in the southern ocean |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-01496716 https://hal.science/hal-01496716/document https://hal.science/hal-01496716/file/bg-12-2707-2015.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2707-2015 |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
op_source |
ISSN: 1726-4170 EISSN: 1726-4189 Biogeosciences https://hal.science/hal-01496716 Biogeosciences, 2015, 12 (9), pp.2707-2735. ⟨10.5194/bg-12-2707-2015⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/bg-12-2707-2015 hal-01496716 https://hal.science/hal-01496716 https://hal.science/hal-01496716/document https://hal.science/hal-01496716/file/bg-12-2707-2015.pdf doi:10.5194/bg-12-2707-2015 WOS: 000356178900006 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2707-2015 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
2707 |
op_container_end_page |
2735 |
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1799468135008436224 |
spelling |
ftepunivpsaclay:oai:HAL:hal-01496716v1 2024-05-19T07:30:52+00:00 Autonomous profiling float observations of the high-biomass plume downstream of the Kerguelen Plateau in the Southern Ocean Grenier, Mélanie Della Penna, Alice Trull, Thomas W. Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre (ACE-CRC) Processus de couplage à Petite Echelle, Ecosystèmes et Prédateurs Supérieurs (PEPS) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies Hobart (IMAS) University of Tasmania Hobart, Australia (UTAS) 2015 https://hal.science/hal-01496716 https://hal.science/hal-01496716/document https://hal.science/hal-01496716/file/bg-12-2707-2015.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2707-2015 en eng HAL CCSD European Geosciences Union info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/bg-12-2707-2015 hal-01496716 https://hal.science/hal-01496716 https://hal.science/hal-01496716/document https://hal.science/hal-01496716/file/bg-12-2707-2015.pdf doi:10.5194/bg-12-2707-2015 WOS: 000356178900006 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1726-4170 EISSN: 1726-4189 Biogeosciences https://hal.science/hal-01496716 Biogeosciences, 2015, 12 (9), pp.2707-2735. ⟨10.5194/bg-12-2707-2015⟩ [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2015 ftepunivpsaclay https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2707-2015 2024-04-25T00:45:55Z International audience Natural iron fertilisation from Southern Ocean islands results in high primary production and phytoplank-ton biomass accumulations readily visible in satellite ocean colour observations. These images reveal great spatial complexity with highly varying concentrations of chlorophyll, presumably reflecting both variations in iron supply and conditions favouring phytoplankton accumulation. To examine the second aspect, in particular the influences of variations in temperature and mixed layer depth, we deployed four autonomous profiling floats in the Antarctic Circumpo-lar Current near the Kerguelen Plateau in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. Each "bio-profiler" measured more than 250 profiles of temperature (T), salinity (S), dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll a (Chl a) fluorescence, and particulate backscattering (b bp) in the top 300 m of the water column, sampling up to 5 profiles per day along meandering trajecto-ries extending up to 1000 km. Comparison of surface Chl a estimates (analogous to values from satellite images) with total water column inventories revealed largely linear relationships , suggesting that these images provide credible information on total and not just surface biomass spatial distributions. However, they also showed that physical mixed layer depths are often not a reliable guide to biomass distributions. Regions of very high Chl a accumulation (1.5-10 µg L −1) were associated predominantly with a narrow T-S class of surface waters. In contrast, waters with only moderate Chl a enrichments (0.5-1.5 µg L −1) displayed no clear correlation with specific water properties, including no dependence on mixed layer depth or the intensity of stratifica-tion. Geostrophic trajectory analysis suggests that both these observations can be explained if the main determinant of biomass in a given water parcel is the time since leaving the Kerguelen Plateau. One float became trapped in a cyclonic eddy, allowing temporal evaluation of the water column in early autumn. During this ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay: HAL Biogeosciences 12 9 2707 2735 |