The effect of the NAO on sea level and on mass changes in the Mediterranean Sea
[1] Sea level in the Mediterranean Sea over the period 1993-2011 is studied on the basis of altimetry, temperature, and salinity data and gravity measurements from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) (2002-2010). An observed increase in sea level corresponds to a linear sea level trend o...
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ftenea:oai:iris.enea.it:20.500.12079/596 2024-03-31T07:54:20+00:00 The effect of the NAO on sea level and on mass changes in the Mediterranean Sea Struglia, M.V. Struglia, M. V. 2013 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12079/596 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20078 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84878935518&partnerID=40&md5=c4a049c932780220f37a72de2b5790bc en eng volume:118 issue:2 numberofpages:944 - 952 journal:JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. OCEANS http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12079/596 doi:10.1002/jgrc.20078 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84878935518 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84878935518&partnerID=40&md5=c4a049c932780220f37a72de2b5790bc info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2013 ftenea https://doi.org/20.500.12079/59610.1002/jgrc.20078 2024-03-06T00:12:05Z [1] Sea level in the Mediterranean Sea over the period 1993-2011 is studied on the basis of altimetry, temperature, and salinity data and gravity measurements from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) (2002-2010). An observed increase in sea level corresponds to a linear sea level trend of 3.0 ± 0.5 mm/yr dominated by the increase in the oceanic mass in the basin. The increase in sea level does not, however, take place linearly but over two 2-3 year periods, each contributing 2-3 cm of sea level. Variability in the basin sea level and its mass component is dominated by the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The NAO influence on sea level is primarily linked with atmospheric pressure changes and local wind field changes. However, neither the inverse barometer correction nor a barotropic sea level model forced by atmospheric pressure and wind can remove fully the NAO influence on the basin sea level. Thus, a third contributing mechanism linked with the NAO is suggested. During winter 2010, a low NAO index caused a basin sea level increase of 12 cm which was almost wholly due to mass changes and is evidenced by GRACE. About 8 cm of the observed sea level change can be accounted for as due to atmospheric pressure and wind changes. The residual 4 cm of sea level change is caused by the newly identified contribution. The physical mechanisms that may be responsible for this additional contribution are discussed. © 2013 American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation ENEA-IRIS Open Archive (Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile) Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 118 2 944 952 |
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Open Polar |
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ENEA-IRIS Open Archive (Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile) |
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ftenea |
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English |
description |
[1] Sea level in the Mediterranean Sea over the period 1993-2011 is studied on the basis of altimetry, temperature, and salinity data and gravity measurements from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) (2002-2010). An observed increase in sea level corresponds to a linear sea level trend of 3.0 ± 0.5 mm/yr dominated by the increase in the oceanic mass in the basin. The increase in sea level does not, however, take place linearly but over two 2-3 year periods, each contributing 2-3 cm of sea level. Variability in the basin sea level and its mass component is dominated by the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The NAO influence on sea level is primarily linked with atmospheric pressure changes and local wind field changes. However, neither the inverse barometer correction nor a barotropic sea level model forced by atmospheric pressure and wind can remove fully the NAO influence on the basin sea level. Thus, a third contributing mechanism linked with the NAO is suggested. During winter 2010, a low NAO index caused a basin sea level increase of 12 cm which was almost wholly due to mass changes and is evidenced by GRACE. About 8 cm of the observed sea level change can be accounted for as due to atmospheric pressure and wind changes. The residual 4 cm of sea level change is caused by the newly identified contribution. The physical mechanisms that may be responsible for this additional contribution are discussed. © 2013 American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. |
author2 |
Struglia, M. V. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Struglia, M.V. |
spellingShingle |
Struglia, M.V. The effect of the NAO on sea level and on mass changes in the Mediterranean Sea |
author_facet |
Struglia, M.V. |
author_sort |
Struglia, M.V. |
title |
The effect of the NAO on sea level and on mass changes in the Mediterranean Sea |
title_short |
The effect of the NAO on sea level and on mass changes in the Mediterranean Sea |
title_full |
The effect of the NAO on sea level and on mass changes in the Mediterranean Sea |
title_fullStr |
The effect of the NAO on sea level and on mass changes in the Mediterranean Sea |
title_full_unstemmed |
The effect of the NAO on sea level and on mass changes in the Mediterranean Sea |
title_sort |
effect of the nao on sea level and on mass changes in the mediterranean sea |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12079/596 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20078 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84878935518&partnerID=40&md5=c4a049c932780220f37a72de2b5790bc |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_relation |
volume:118 issue:2 numberofpages:944 - 952 journal:JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. OCEANS http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12079/596 doi:10.1002/jgrc.20078 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84878935518 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84878935518&partnerID=40&md5=c4a049c932780220f37a72de2b5790bc |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.12079/59610.1002/jgrc.20078 |
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Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
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118 |
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944 |
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952 |
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