High-precision laser spectrometer for multiple greenhouse gas analysis in 1 mL air from ice core samples
The record of past greenhouse gas composition from ice cores is crucial for our understanding of global climate change. Future ice core projects will aim to extend both the temporal coverage (extending the timescale to 1.5 Myr) and the temporal resolution of existing records. This implies a strongly...
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ftempa:oai:dora:empa_24197 2024-09-15T18:11:55+00:00 High-precision laser spectrometer for multiple greenhouse gas analysis in 1 mL air from ice core samples Bereiter, Bernhard Tuzson, Bela Scheidegger, Philipp Kupferschmid, Andre Looser, Herbert Machler, Lars Baggenstos, Daniel Schmitt, Jochen Fischer, Hubertus Emmenegger, Lukas 2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-6391-2020 eng eng Copernicus Atmospheric Measurement Techniques--Atmos. Meas. Tech.--journals:267--1867-1381--1867-8548 empa:24197 doi:10.5194/amt-13-6391-2020 scopus: 2-s2.0-85097159301 journal id: journals:267 issn: 1867-1381 e-issn: 1867-8548 ut: 000595578600001 Journal Article Text 2020 ftempa https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-6391-2020 2024-09-04T03:37:35Z The record of past greenhouse gas composition from ice cores is crucial for our understanding of global climate change. Future ice core projects will aim to extend both the temporal coverage (extending the timescale to 1.5 Myr) and the temporal resolution of existing records. This implies a strongly limited sample availability, increasing demands on analytical accuracy and precision, and the need to reuse air samples extracted from ice cores for multiple gas analyses. To meet these requirements, we designed and developed a new analytical system that combines direct absorption laser spectroscopy in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) with a quantitative sublimation extraction method. Here, we focus on a high-precision dual-laser spectrometer for the simultaneous measurement of CH 4 , N 2 O, and CO 2 concentrations, as well as δ 13 C(CO 2 ). Flow-through experiments at 5 mbar gas pressure demonstrate an analytical precision (1 σ ) of 0.006 ppm for CO 2 , 0.02 ‰ for δ 13 C(CO 2 ), 0.4 ppb for CH 4 , and 0.1 ppb for N 2 O, obtained after an integration time of 100 s. Sample–standard repeatabilities (1 σ ) of discrete samples of 1 mL STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure) amount to 0.03 ppm, 2.2 ppb, 1 ppb, and 0.04 ‰ for CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O, and δ 13 C(CO 2 ), respectively. The key elements to achieve this performance are a custom-developed multipass absorption cell, custom-made high-performance data acquisition and laser driving electronics, and a robust calibration approach involving multiple reference gases. The assessment of the spectrometer capabilities in repeated measurement cycles of discrete air samples – mimicking the procedure for external samples such as air samples from ice cores – was found to fully meet our performance criteria for future ice core analysis. Finally, this non-consumptive method allows the reuse of the precious gas samples for further analysis, which creates new opportunities in ice core science. Article in Journal/Newspaper ice core DORA Empa Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 13 11 6391 6406 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DORA Empa |
op_collection_id |
ftempa |
language |
English |
description |
The record of past greenhouse gas composition from ice cores is crucial for our understanding of global climate change. Future ice core projects will aim to extend both the temporal coverage (extending the timescale to 1.5 Myr) and the temporal resolution of existing records. This implies a strongly limited sample availability, increasing demands on analytical accuracy and precision, and the need to reuse air samples extracted from ice cores for multiple gas analyses. To meet these requirements, we designed and developed a new analytical system that combines direct absorption laser spectroscopy in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) with a quantitative sublimation extraction method. Here, we focus on a high-precision dual-laser spectrometer for the simultaneous measurement of CH 4 , N 2 O, and CO 2 concentrations, as well as δ 13 C(CO 2 ). Flow-through experiments at 5 mbar gas pressure demonstrate an analytical precision (1 σ ) of 0.006 ppm for CO 2 , 0.02 ‰ for δ 13 C(CO 2 ), 0.4 ppb for CH 4 , and 0.1 ppb for N 2 O, obtained after an integration time of 100 s. Sample–standard repeatabilities (1 σ ) of discrete samples of 1 mL STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure) amount to 0.03 ppm, 2.2 ppb, 1 ppb, and 0.04 ‰ for CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O, and δ 13 C(CO 2 ), respectively. The key elements to achieve this performance are a custom-developed multipass absorption cell, custom-made high-performance data acquisition and laser driving electronics, and a robust calibration approach involving multiple reference gases. The assessment of the spectrometer capabilities in repeated measurement cycles of discrete air samples – mimicking the procedure for external samples such as air samples from ice cores – was found to fully meet our performance criteria for future ice core analysis. Finally, this non-consumptive method allows the reuse of the precious gas samples for further analysis, which creates new opportunities in ice core science. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bereiter, Bernhard Tuzson, Bela Scheidegger, Philipp Kupferschmid, Andre Looser, Herbert Machler, Lars Baggenstos, Daniel Schmitt, Jochen Fischer, Hubertus Emmenegger, Lukas |
spellingShingle |
Bereiter, Bernhard Tuzson, Bela Scheidegger, Philipp Kupferschmid, Andre Looser, Herbert Machler, Lars Baggenstos, Daniel Schmitt, Jochen Fischer, Hubertus Emmenegger, Lukas High-precision laser spectrometer for multiple greenhouse gas analysis in 1 mL air from ice core samples |
author_facet |
Bereiter, Bernhard Tuzson, Bela Scheidegger, Philipp Kupferschmid, Andre Looser, Herbert Machler, Lars Baggenstos, Daniel Schmitt, Jochen Fischer, Hubertus Emmenegger, Lukas |
author_sort |
Bereiter, Bernhard |
title |
High-precision laser spectrometer for multiple greenhouse gas analysis in 1 mL air from ice core samples |
title_short |
High-precision laser spectrometer for multiple greenhouse gas analysis in 1 mL air from ice core samples |
title_full |
High-precision laser spectrometer for multiple greenhouse gas analysis in 1 mL air from ice core samples |
title_fullStr |
High-precision laser spectrometer for multiple greenhouse gas analysis in 1 mL air from ice core samples |
title_full_unstemmed |
High-precision laser spectrometer for multiple greenhouse gas analysis in 1 mL air from ice core samples |
title_sort |
high-precision laser spectrometer for multiple greenhouse gas analysis in 1 ml air from ice core samples |
publisher |
Copernicus |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-6391-2020 |
genre |
ice core |
genre_facet |
ice core |
op_relation |
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques--Atmos. Meas. Tech.--journals:267--1867-1381--1867-8548 empa:24197 doi:10.5194/amt-13-6391-2020 scopus: 2-s2.0-85097159301 journal id: journals:267 issn: 1867-1381 e-issn: 1867-8548 ut: 000595578600001 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-6391-2020 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
6391 |
op_container_end_page |
6406 |
_version_ |
1810449500601319424 |