Wide distribution and glacial origin of polar gypsum on Mars
International audience The North Polar Cap of Mars is associated with different kinds of superficial sediments, including the Circumpolar Dune Field, interior dune fields and sedimentary veneers scattered over the ice cap. In order to resolve the mineralogical composition and the regional distributi...
Published in: | Earth and Planetary Science Letters |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2012
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-01116278 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.035 |
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École des Ponts ParisTech: HAL |
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English |
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[SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology Massé, M. Bourgeois, Olivier Le Mouélic, S. Verpoorter, C. Spiga, Aymeric Le Deit, L. Wide distribution and glacial origin of polar gypsum on Mars |
topic_facet |
[SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology |
description |
International audience The North Polar Cap of Mars is associated with different kinds of superficial sediments, including the Circumpolar Dune Field, interior dune fields and sedimentary veneers scattered over the ice cap. In order to resolve the mineralogical composition and the regional distribution of these sediments, we processed OMEGA and CRISM hyperspectral data with an original method based on spectral derivation. We find that gypsum is present in all areas where undefined hydrated minerals had been previously detected, including superficial sedimentary veneers covering the North Polar Cap, interior dune fields and the whole Circumpolar Dune Field. Morphological and structural analyses reveal that these gypsum crystals derive directly from the interior of the ice cap. The source of superficial sedimentary veneers is the dust that was previously contained in the upper part of the ice cap, the ice-rich North Polar Layered Deposits (NPLD). This gypsum-bearing dust was released, on south-facing slopes of spiral troughs and arcuate scarps, by ice ablation controlled by katabatic winds. By the analysis of all associations of erosional scarps and dune fields over the North Polar Cap, we also demonstrate that the polar dunes are composed of sand-sized particles that were previously contained in the sediment-rich Basal Unit (BU), corresponding to the lower part of the ice cap. These particles contain gypsum and were released from the BU, by regressive ablation of ice at marginal scarps that border the North Polar Cap and by vertical ablation of ice on Olympia Planum. From a reconstruction of wind streamlines over and around the ice cap, we infer that katabatic winds descending from the polar high and rotating around the North Polar Cap control the release of these gypsum-bearing particles by ice ablation and the redistribution of these particles in the Circumpolar Dune Field. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. |
author2 |
Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique UMR 6112 (LPG) Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST) Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Lunar and Planetary Laboratory Tucson (LPL) University of Arizona Limnology Norbyvägen Department of Ecology and Genetics Uppsala (EBC) Uppsala University-Uppsala University Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) DLR Institute of Planetary Research German Aerospace Center (DLR) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Massé, M. Bourgeois, Olivier Le Mouélic, S. Verpoorter, C. Spiga, Aymeric Le Deit, L. |
author_facet |
Massé, M. Bourgeois, Olivier Le Mouélic, S. Verpoorter, C. Spiga, Aymeric Le Deit, L. |
author_sort |
Massé, M. |
title |
Wide distribution and glacial origin of polar gypsum on Mars |
title_short |
Wide distribution and glacial origin of polar gypsum on Mars |
title_full |
Wide distribution and glacial origin of polar gypsum on Mars |
title_fullStr |
Wide distribution and glacial origin of polar gypsum on Mars |
title_full_unstemmed |
Wide distribution and glacial origin of polar gypsum on Mars |
title_sort |
wide distribution and glacial origin of polar gypsum on mars |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-01116278 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.035 |
genre |
Ice cap |
genre_facet |
Ice cap |
op_source |
ISSN: 0012-821X Earth and Planetary Science Letters https://hal.science/hal-01116278 Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2012, 317-318 (february), pp.44-55. ⟨10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.035⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.035 hal-01116278 https://hal.science/hal-01116278 doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.035 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.035 |
container_title |
Earth and Planetary Science Letters |
container_volume |
317-318 |
container_start_page |
44 |
op_container_end_page |
55 |
_version_ |
1801376638994219008 |
spelling |
ftecoleponts:oai:HAL:hal-01116278v1 2024-06-09T07:46:41+00:00 Wide distribution and glacial origin of polar gypsum on Mars Massé, M. Bourgeois, Olivier Le Mouélic, S. Verpoorter, C. Spiga, Aymeric Le Deit, L. Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique UMR 6112 (LPG) Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST) Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Lunar and Planetary Laboratory Tucson (LPL) University of Arizona Limnology Norbyvägen Department of Ecology and Genetics Uppsala (EBC) Uppsala University-Uppsala University Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) DLR Institute of Planetary Research German Aerospace Center (DLR) 2012 https://hal.science/hal-01116278 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.035 en eng HAL CCSD Elsevier info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.035 hal-01116278 https://hal.science/hal-01116278 doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.035 ISSN: 0012-821X Earth and Planetary Science Letters https://hal.science/hal-01116278 Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2012, 317-318 (february), pp.44-55. ⟨10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.035⟩ [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2012 ftecoleponts https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.11.035 2024-05-16T13:34:51Z International audience The North Polar Cap of Mars is associated with different kinds of superficial sediments, including the Circumpolar Dune Field, interior dune fields and sedimentary veneers scattered over the ice cap. In order to resolve the mineralogical composition and the regional distribution of these sediments, we processed OMEGA and CRISM hyperspectral data with an original method based on spectral derivation. We find that gypsum is present in all areas where undefined hydrated minerals had been previously detected, including superficial sedimentary veneers covering the North Polar Cap, interior dune fields and the whole Circumpolar Dune Field. Morphological and structural analyses reveal that these gypsum crystals derive directly from the interior of the ice cap. The source of superficial sedimentary veneers is the dust that was previously contained in the upper part of the ice cap, the ice-rich North Polar Layered Deposits (NPLD). This gypsum-bearing dust was released, on south-facing slopes of spiral troughs and arcuate scarps, by ice ablation controlled by katabatic winds. By the analysis of all associations of erosional scarps and dune fields over the North Polar Cap, we also demonstrate that the polar dunes are composed of sand-sized particles that were previously contained in the sediment-rich Basal Unit (BU), corresponding to the lower part of the ice cap. These particles contain gypsum and were released from the BU, by regressive ablation of ice at marginal scarps that border the North Polar Cap and by vertical ablation of ice on Olympia Planum. From a reconstruction of wind streamlines over and around the ice cap, we infer that katabatic winds descending from the polar high and rotating around the North Polar Cap control the release of these gypsum-bearing particles by ice ablation and the redistribution of these particles in the Circumpolar Dune Field. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ice cap École des Ponts ParisTech: HAL Earth and Planetary Science Letters 317-318 44 55 |