Cultural changes and adaptations to climatic and environmental changes of the last Neanderthals in southern France
The aim of this work is to improve the temporal resolution of palaeoenvironmental sequences and their chronologies as well as the chronology of the different technocomplexes and cultures of southern France from the end of the Middle Palaeolithic to the beginning of the Upper Palaeolithic. To this en...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | French |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://theses.hal.science/tel-03924503 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03924503/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03924503/file/Th%C3%A8se_Fourcade_Tiffanie_DEFINITIF.pdf |
id |
ftecolephe:oai:HAL:tel-03924503v1 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
EPHE (Ecole pratique des hautes études, Paris): HAL |
op_collection_id |
ftecolephe |
language |
French |
topic |
Middle Paleolithic Upper Paleolithic Deep-sea cores Palynology Luminescence IRSL dating Western Europe Lithic technocomplex Cultures Neanderthal HAM Paléolithique moyen récent Paléolithique supérieur Carottes sédimentaires marines Palynologie Datation IRSL Europe occidentale Technocomplexes lithiques Néandertal [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies |
spellingShingle |
Middle Paleolithic Upper Paleolithic Deep-sea cores Palynology Luminescence IRSL dating Western Europe Lithic technocomplex Cultures Neanderthal HAM Paléolithique moyen récent Paléolithique supérieur Carottes sédimentaires marines Palynologie Datation IRSL Europe occidentale Technocomplexes lithiques Néandertal [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies Fourcade, Tiffanie Cultural changes and adaptations to climatic and environmental changes of the last Neanderthals in southern France |
topic_facet |
Middle Paleolithic Upper Paleolithic Deep-sea cores Palynology Luminescence IRSL dating Western Europe Lithic technocomplex Cultures Neanderthal HAM Paléolithique moyen récent Paléolithique supérieur Carottes sédimentaires marines Palynologie Datation IRSL Europe occidentale Technocomplexes lithiques Néandertal [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies |
description |
The aim of this work is to improve the temporal resolution of palaeoenvironmental sequences and their chronologies as well as the chronology of the different technocomplexes and cultures of southern France from the end of the Middle Palaeolithic to the beginning of the Upper Palaeolithic. To this end, two multiproxy studies were carried out, using two deep-sea cores from the Bay of Biscay and the Gulf of Lion to reconstruct vegetation and climatic changes in southwestern and southeastern France during Greenland warming and cooling (Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles, D-Os) and North Atlantic cooling events (Heinrich events, HEs). The results show different amplitudes in the forest expansion following D-O warming depending on the latitude and related to different orbital configurations. During the Heinrich Stadials (HSs), the different magnitude of the semi-desert expansion in the two regions appear to be the result of different intensities of the thermohaline circulation and local oceanic processes associated with the instability of the Laurentian ice sheet. IRSL dating of core MD04-2845 and the application of the age-depth model (ChronoModel & ArchaeoPhases) using Bayesian statistics and stratigraphic constraints on both cores has allowed the refinement of the chronologies of environmental changes. The construction of archaeological databases for both regions and the application of ChronoModel to the archaeological sequences have improved the timing of technological changes of Neanderthals and Anatomically Modern Humans (AMH) in Western Europe. Despite the improved chronologies, the identification of potential synchronicities remains difficult due to the uncertainties associated with the different chronologies. Nevertheless, this study suggests that the progressive aridification of the landscape during the last ice age favoured the arrival of AMH in Western Europe, leading to competition with Neanderthals for the same ecological niches and producing the disappearance of the latter. Ce travail a pour but ... |
author2 |
Archéosciences Bordeaux Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC) Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU) Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université Bordeaux Montaigne Christelle Lahaye Maria Fernanda Sanchez Goñi |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Fourcade, Tiffanie |
author_facet |
Fourcade, Tiffanie |
author_sort |
Fourcade, Tiffanie |
title |
Cultural changes and adaptations to climatic and environmental changes of the last Neanderthals in southern France |
title_short |
Cultural changes and adaptations to climatic and environmental changes of the last Neanderthals in southern France |
title_full |
Cultural changes and adaptations to climatic and environmental changes of the last Neanderthals in southern France |
title_fullStr |
Cultural changes and adaptations to climatic and environmental changes of the last Neanderthals in southern France |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cultural changes and adaptations to climatic and environmental changes of the last Neanderthals in southern France |
title_sort |
cultural changes and adaptations to climatic and environmental changes of the last neanderthals in southern france |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-03924503 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03924503/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03924503/file/Th%C3%A8se_Fourcade_Tiffanie_DEFINITIF.pdf |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland Ice Sheet North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Greenland Ice Sheet North Atlantic |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-03924503 Archéologie et Préhistoire. Université Bordeaux Montaigne, 2022. Français. ⟨NNT : ⟩ |
op_relation |
tel-03924503 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03924503 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03924503/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03924503/file/Th%C3%A8se_Fourcade_Tiffanie_DEFINITIF.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1766020372770062336 |
spelling |
ftecolephe:oai:HAL:tel-03924503v1 2023-05-15T16:30:38+02:00 Cultural changes and adaptations to climatic and environmental changes of the last Neanderthals in southern France Changements culturels et adaptations aux changements climatiques et environnementaux des derniers Néandertaliens dans le sud de la France Fourcade, Tiffanie Archéosciences Bordeaux Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC) Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU) Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université Bordeaux Montaigne Christelle Lahaye Maria Fernanda Sanchez Goñi 2022-09-12 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03924503 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03924503/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03924503/file/Th%C3%A8se_Fourcade_Tiffanie_DEFINITIF.pdf fr fre HAL CCSD tel-03924503 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03924503 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03924503/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03924503/file/Th%C3%A8se_Fourcade_Tiffanie_DEFINITIF.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-03924503 Archéologie et Préhistoire. Université Bordeaux Montaigne, 2022. Français. ⟨NNT : ⟩ Middle Paleolithic Upper Paleolithic Deep-sea cores Palynology Luminescence IRSL dating Western Europe Lithic technocomplex Cultures Neanderthal HAM Paléolithique moyen récent Paléolithique supérieur Carottes sédimentaires marines Palynologie Datation IRSL Europe occidentale Technocomplexes lithiques Néandertal [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2022 ftecolephe 2023-04-11T22:55:25Z The aim of this work is to improve the temporal resolution of palaeoenvironmental sequences and their chronologies as well as the chronology of the different technocomplexes and cultures of southern France from the end of the Middle Palaeolithic to the beginning of the Upper Palaeolithic. To this end, two multiproxy studies were carried out, using two deep-sea cores from the Bay of Biscay and the Gulf of Lion to reconstruct vegetation and climatic changes in southwestern and southeastern France during Greenland warming and cooling (Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles, D-Os) and North Atlantic cooling events (Heinrich events, HEs). The results show different amplitudes in the forest expansion following D-O warming depending on the latitude and related to different orbital configurations. During the Heinrich Stadials (HSs), the different magnitude of the semi-desert expansion in the two regions appear to be the result of different intensities of the thermohaline circulation and local oceanic processes associated with the instability of the Laurentian ice sheet. IRSL dating of core MD04-2845 and the application of the age-depth model (ChronoModel & ArchaeoPhases) using Bayesian statistics and stratigraphic constraints on both cores has allowed the refinement of the chronologies of environmental changes. The construction of archaeological databases for both regions and the application of ChronoModel to the archaeological sequences have improved the timing of technological changes of Neanderthals and Anatomically Modern Humans (AMH) in Western Europe. Despite the improved chronologies, the identification of potential synchronicities remains difficult due to the uncertainties associated with the different chronologies. Nevertheless, this study suggests that the progressive aridification of the landscape during the last ice age favoured the arrival of AMH in Western Europe, leading to competition with Neanderthals for the same ecological niches and producing the disappearance of the latter. Ce travail a pour but ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Greenland Ice Sheet North Atlantic EPHE (Ecole pratique des hautes études, Paris): HAL Greenland |