Differentiating Black Bears (Ursus americanus) and Brown Bears (U. arctos) using Linear Tooth Measurements and Identification of Ursids from Oregon Caves National Monument
North American black bears and brown bears can be difficult to distinguish in the fossil record due to similar dental and skeletal morphologies. Challenges identifying ursid material from Oregon Caves National Monument (ORCA) called for an accurate tool to distinguish the species. This study utilize...
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fteasttennesseeu:oai:dc.etsu.edu:etd-5037 2023-07-30T04:06:09+02:00 Differentiating Black Bears (Ursus americanus) and Brown Bears (U. arctos) using Linear Tooth Measurements and Identification of Ursids from Oregon Caves National Monument Bogner, Emily 2019-05-01T07:00:00Z application/pdf https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3572 https://dc.etsu.edu/context/etd/article/5037/viewcontent/BognerE041819f.pdf eng eng Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3572 https://dc.etsu.edu/context/etd/article/5037/viewcontent/BognerE041819f.pdf Copyright by the authors. Electronic Theses and Dissertations Quaternary Bears Bergamn’s Rule Oregon Caves National Monument Ursus americanus Ursus arctos Evolution Integrative Biology Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Population Biology text 2019 fteasttennesseeu 2023-07-15T19:00:05Z North American black bears and brown bears can be difficult to distinguish in the fossil record due to similar dental and skeletal morphologies. Challenges identifying ursid material from Oregon Caves National Monument (ORCA) called for an accurate tool to distinguish the species. This study utilized a large database of lower tooth lengths and ratios in an attempt to differentiate black and brown bears in North America. Further, this project examined how these linear measurements differ geographically. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) found significant differences between black and brown bears from across North America for every variable studied. Stepwise discriminant analyses (DA) found lengths separated species better than ratios. When sexes were analyzed, ANOVA only found significant differences for lengths while DA found lengths and ratios could not accurately distinguish between sexes. Fossil specimens from North America, including ORCA specimens, demonstrated the utility of this study, supporting several identifications and questioning others. Text Orca Ursus arctos Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University |
op_collection_id |
fteasttennesseeu |
language |
English |
topic |
Quaternary Bears Bergamn’s Rule Oregon Caves National Monument Ursus americanus Ursus arctos Evolution Integrative Biology Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Population Biology |
spellingShingle |
Quaternary Bears Bergamn’s Rule Oregon Caves National Monument Ursus americanus Ursus arctos Evolution Integrative Biology Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Population Biology Bogner, Emily Differentiating Black Bears (Ursus americanus) and Brown Bears (U. arctos) using Linear Tooth Measurements and Identification of Ursids from Oregon Caves National Monument |
topic_facet |
Quaternary Bears Bergamn’s Rule Oregon Caves National Monument Ursus americanus Ursus arctos Evolution Integrative Biology Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Population Biology |
description |
North American black bears and brown bears can be difficult to distinguish in the fossil record due to similar dental and skeletal morphologies. Challenges identifying ursid material from Oregon Caves National Monument (ORCA) called for an accurate tool to distinguish the species. This study utilized a large database of lower tooth lengths and ratios in an attempt to differentiate black and brown bears in North America. Further, this project examined how these linear measurements differ geographically. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) found significant differences between black and brown bears from across North America for every variable studied. Stepwise discriminant analyses (DA) found lengths separated species better than ratios. When sexes were analyzed, ANOVA only found significant differences for lengths while DA found lengths and ratios could not accurately distinguish between sexes. Fossil specimens from North America, including ORCA specimens, demonstrated the utility of this study, supporting several identifications and questioning others. |
format |
Text |
author |
Bogner, Emily |
author_facet |
Bogner, Emily |
author_sort |
Bogner, Emily |
title |
Differentiating Black Bears (Ursus americanus) and Brown Bears (U. arctos) using Linear Tooth Measurements and Identification of Ursids from Oregon Caves National Monument |
title_short |
Differentiating Black Bears (Ursus americanus) and Brown Bears (U. arctos) using Linear Tooth Measurements and Identification of Ursids from Oregon Caves National Monument |
title_full |
Differentiating Black Bears (Ursus americanus) and Brown Bears (U. arctos) using Linear Tooth Measurements and Identification of Ursids from Oregon Caves National Monument |
title_fullStr |
Differentiating Black Bears (Ursus americanus) and Brown Bears (U. arctos) using Linear Tooth Measurements and Identification of Ursids from Oregon Caves National Monument |
title_full_unstemmed |
Differentiating Black Bears (Ursus americanus) and Brown Bears (U. arctos) using Linear Tooth Measurements and Identification of Ursids from Oregon Caves National Monument |
title_sort |
differentiating black bears (ursus americanus) and brown bears (u. arctos) using linear tooth measurements and identification of ursids from oregon caves national monument |
publisher |
Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3572 https://dc.etsu.edu/context/etd/article/5037/viewcontent/BognerE041819f.pdf |
genre |
Orca Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Orca Ursus arctos |
op_source |
Electronic Theses and Dissertations |
op_relation |
https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3572 https://dc.etsu.edu/context/etd/article/5037/viewcontent/BognerE041819f.pdf |
op_rights |
Copyright by the authors. |
_version_ |
1772818596017209344 |