Black Bears (Ursus americanus) versus Brown Bears (U. arctos): Combining Morphometrics and Niche Modeling to Differentiate Species and Predict Distributions Through Time
Late Pleistocene American black bears (Ursus americanus) often overlap in size with Pleistocene brown bears (U. arctos), occasionally making them difficult to diagnose. Large U. americanus have previously been distinguished from U. arctos by the length of the upper second molar (M2). However, the te...
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fteasttennesseeu:oai:dc.etsu.edu:etd-4665 2023-07-30T04:07:23+02:00 Black Bears (Ursus americanus) versus Brown Bears (U. arctos): Combining Morphometrics and Niche Modeling to Differentiate Species and Predict Distributions Through Time Kantelis, Theron Michael 2017-05-01T07:00:00Z application/pdf https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3262 https://dc.etsu.edu/context/etd/article/4665/viewcontent/KantelisT050317f.pdf eng eng Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3262 https://dc.etsu.edu/context/etd/article/4665/viewcontent/KantelisT050317f.pdf Copyright by the authors. Electronic Theses and Dissertations Ursus arctos Ursus americanus Bears Geometric Morphometrics Ecological Niche Model Teeth Molars Other Environmental Sciences Paleobiology Paleontology text 2017 fteasttennesseeu 2023-07-15T18:32:59Z Late Pleistocene American black bears (Ursus americanus) often overlap in size with Pleistocene brown bears (U. arctos), occasionally making them difficult to diagnose. Large U. americanus have previously been distinguished from U. arctos by the length of the upper second molar (M2). However, the teeth of fossil U. americanus sometimes overlap size with U. arctos. As such, there is need for a more accurate tool to distinguish the two species. Here, 2D geometric morphometrics is applied to the occlusal surface of the M2 to further assess the utility of this tooth for distinguishing U. americanus and U. arctos specimens. When combined with an Ecological Niche Model of U. americanus and U. arctos in North America from the Last Glacial Maximum, this morphometric technique can be applied to key regions. A case of two Pleistocene specimens previously identified as U. arctos from eastern North America exemplifies the utility of this combination. Text Ursus arctos Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University |
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Open Polar |
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Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University |
op_collection_id |
fteasttennesseeu |
language |
English |
topic |
Ursus arctos Ursus americanus Bears Geometric Morphometrics Ecological Niche Model Teeth Molars Other Environmental Sciences Paleobiology Paleontology |
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Ursus arctos Ursus americanus Bears Geometric Morphometrics Ecological Niche Model Teeth Molars Other Environmental Sciences Paleobiology Paleontology Kantelis, Theron Michael Black Bears (Ursus americanus) versus Brown Bears (U. arctos): Combining Morphometrics and Niche Modeling to Differentiate Species and Predict Distributions Through Time |
topic_facet |
Ursus arctos Ursus americanus Bears Geometric Morphometrics Ecological Niche Model Teeth Molars Other Environmental Sciences Paleobiology Paleontology |
description |
Late Pleistocene American black bears (Ursus americanus) often overlap in size with Pleistocene brown bears (U. arctos), occasionally making them difficult to diagnose. Large U. americanus have previously been distinguished from U. arctos by the length of the upper second molar (M2). However, the teeth of fossil U. americanus sometimes overlap size with U. arctos. As such, there is need for a more accurate tool to distinguish the two species. Here, 2D geometric morphometrics is applied to the occlusal surface of the M2 to further assess the utility of this tooth for distinguishing U. americanus and U. arctos specimens. When combined with an Ecological Niche Model of U. americanus and U. arctos in North America from the Last Glacial Maximum, this morphometric technique can be applied to key regions. A case of two Pleistocene specimens previously identified as U. arctos from eastern North America exemplifies the utility of this combination. |
format |
Text |
author |
Kantelis, Theron Michael |
author_facet |
Kantelis, Theron Michael |
author_sort |
Kantelis, Theron Michael |
title |
Black Bears (Ursus americanus) versus Brown Bears (U. arctos): Combining Morphometrics and Niche Modeling to Differentiate Species and Predict Distributions Through Time |
title_short |
Black Bears (Ursus americanus) versus Brown Bears (U. arctos): Combining Morphometrics and Niche Modeling to Differentiate Species and Predict Distributions Through Time |
title_full |
Black Bears (Ursus americanus) versus Brown Bears (U. arctos): Combining Morphometrics and Niche Modeling to Differentiate Species and Predict Distributions Through Time |
title_fullStr |
Black Bears (Ursus americanus) versus Brown Bears (U. arctos): Combining Morphometrics and Niche Modeling to Differentiate Species and Predict Distributions Through Time |
title_full_unstemmed |
Black Bears (Ursus americanus) versus Brown Bears (U. arctos): Combining Morphometrics and Niche Modeling to Differentiate Species and Predict Distributions Through Time |
title_sort |
black bears (ursus americanus) versus brown bears (u. arctos): combining morphometrics and niche modeling to differentiate species and predict distributions through time |
publisher |
Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3262 https://dc.etsu.edu/context/etd/article/4665/viewcontent/KantelisT050317f.pdf |
genre |
Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Ursus arctos |
op_source |
Electronic Theses and Dissertations |
op_relation |
https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3262 https://dc.etsu.edu/context/etd/article/4665/viewcontent/KantelisT050317f.pdf |
op_rights |
Copyright by the authors. |
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1772820667809398784 |