Geomagnetic Disturbances That Cause GICs: Investigating Their Interhemispheric Conjugacy and Control by IMF Orientation

Abstract Nearly all studies of impulsive geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs, also known as magnetic perturbation events MPEs) that can produce dangerous geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) have used data from the northern hemisphere. In this study, we investigated GMD occurrences during the first 6...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
Main Authors: Engebretson, Mark J., Simms, Laura E., Pilipenko, Viacheslav A., Bouayed, Lilia, Moldwin, Mark B., Weygand, James M., Hartinger, Michael D., Xu, Zhonghua, Clauer, C. Robert, Coyle, Shane, Willer, Anna N., Freeman, Mervyn P., Gerrard, Andy J.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: 2022
Subjects:
Geomagnetic disturbances
Magnetic perturbation events
Geomagnetically induced currents
GIC
Magnetic conjugacy
Substorms
Geomagnetic storms
Antarc*
Antarctic
Antarctica
Greenland
South pole
Online Access:https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/e997707e-a13e-4d7a-a2d5-142d7d60c7e4
https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030580
https://backend.orbit.dtu.dk/ws/files/292396531/JGR_Space_Physics_2022_Engebretson_Geomagnetic_Disturbances_That_Cause_GICs_Investigating_Their_Interhemispheric_2_.pdf
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Summary:Abstract Nearly all studies of impulsive geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs, also known as magnetic perturbation events MPEs) that can produce dangerous geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) have used data from the northern hemisphere. In this study, we investigated GMD occurrences during the first 6 months of 2016 at four magnetically conjugate high latitude station pairs using data from the Greenland West Coast magnetometer chain and from Antarctic stations in the conjugate AAL-PIP magnetometer chain. Events for statistical analysis and four case studies were selected from Greenland/AAL-PIP data by detecting the presence of >6 nT/s derivatives of any component of the magnetic field at any of the station pairs. For case studies, these chains were supplemented by data from the BAS-LPM chain in Antarctica as well as Pangnirtung and South Pole in order to extend longitudinal coverage to the west. Amplitude comparisons between hemispheres showed (a) a seasonal dependence (larger in the winter hemisphere), and (b) a dependence on the sign of the By component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF): GMDs were larger in the north (south) when IMF By was >0 (

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