Accelerating changes in ice mass within Greenland, and the ice sheet's sensitivity to atmospheric forcing

From early 2003 to mid-2013, the total mass of ice in Greenland declined at a progressively increasing rate. In mid-2013, an abrupt reversal occurred, and very little net ice loss occurred in the next 12-18 months. Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and global positioning system (GPS) o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Main Authors: Bevis, Michael, Harig, Christopher, Khan, Shfaqat A., Brown, Abel, Simons, Frederik J., Willis, Michael, Fettweis, Xavier, van den Broeke, Michiel R, Madsen, Finn Bo, Kendrick, Eric, Caccamise, Dana J, van Dam, Tonie, Knudsen, Per, Nylen, Thomas
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: 2019
Subjects:
/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/climate_action
name=SDG 13 - Climate Action
Greenland
North Atlantic
North Atlantic oscillation
Online Access:https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/dfc8881c-03b8-4f4c-8a03-4f3d0748e336
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1806562116
https://backend.orbit.dtu.dk/ws/files/167483609/1934.full.pdf
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Summary:From early 2003 to mid-2013, the total mass of ice in Greenland declined at a progressively increasing rate. In mid-2013, an abrupt reversal occurred, and very little net ice loss occurred in the next 12-18 months. Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and global positioning system (GPS) observations reveal that the spatial patterns of the sustained acceleration and the abrupt deceleration in mass loss are similar. The strongest accelerations tracked the phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The negative phase of the NAO enhances summertime warming and insolation while reducing snowfall, especially in west Greenland, driving surface mass balance (SMB) more negative, as illustrated using the regional climate model MAR. The spatial pattern of accelerating mass changes reflects the geography of NAO-driven shifts in atmospheric forcing and the ice sheet's sensitivity to that forcing. We infer that southwest Greenland will become a major future contributor to sea level rise.

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