POLARIS: ESA's airborne ice sounding radar front-end design, performance assessment and first results

• Published in: 2009 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest
• Main Authors: Hernández, Carlos Cilla, Krozer, Viktor, Vidkjær, Jens, Dall, Jørgen
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: IEEE 2009
• Subjects: Greenland
• Online Access: https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/18dca72b-32df-40d1-bd82-4263692db7f2; https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2009.5165716; https://backend.orbit.dtu.dk/ws/files/4585129/Hern_ndez.pdf

This paper addresses the design, implementation and experimental performance assessment of the RF front-end of an airborne P-band ice sounding radar. The ice sounder design comprises commercial-of-the-shelf modules and newly purpose-built components at a centre frequency of 435 MHz with 20% relative bandwidth. The transmitter uses two amplifiers combined in parallel to generate more than >128 W peak power, with system >60% PAE and 47 dB in-band to out-of-band signal ratio. The four channel receiver features digitally controlled variable gain to achieve more than 100 dB dynamic range, 2.4 dB noise figure, 160 ns receiver recovery time and -46 dBc 3rd order IMD products. The system comprises also, a digital front-end, a digital signal generator, a microstrip antenna array and a control unit. All the subsystems were integrated, certified and functionally tested, and in May 2008 a successful proof-of-concept campaign was organized in Greenland. The system detected the bedrock under 3 km of ice, and internal layers were mapped up to 1.3 km.