Determination of Changes in the State of the Arctic Ice Pack Using the NPS Pan-Arctic Coupled Ice-Ocean Model

• Main Author: McNamara, Terry
• Other Authors: NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA UNDERSEA WARFARE ACADEMIC GROUP
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: 2006
• Subjects: Geography; Snow; Ice and Permafrost; Helicopters; *HELICOPTERS; *ICE; *ARCTIC REGIONS; *PACK ICE; *ARCTIC OCEAN; OUTPUT; MEASUREMENT; THICKNESS; PATTERNS; SUBMARINES; DETERMINATION; INDUCTION SYSTEMS; SEA ICE; ELECTROMAGNETS; SUMMER; COLLECTION; ALTIMETERS; SKILLS; NAVAL VESSELS; THESES; LASERS; POLAR OCEANOGRAPHY; ARCTIC ICE PACK; ICE THICKNESS DISTRIBUTION; ARCTIC OCEAN MODELING; NPS PAN-ARCTIC COUPLED SUBMARINE ULS(UPWARD-LOOKING SONAR); HELICOPTER ELECTRO-MAGNETIC ICE THICKNESS SURVEY; ICESAT; CLIMATE CHANGE 16. PRICE CODE; Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Alfred Wegener Institute; Climate change; Ice; ice pack; permafrost; Sea ice
• Online Access: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA445788; http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA445788

This thesis provides an analysis of the diminishing sea ice trend in the Arctic Ocean by examining the NPS 1/12-degree pan-Arctic coupled ice-ocean model. While many previous studies have analyzed changes in ice extent and concentration, this research focuses on ice thickness as it gives a better indication of ice volume variability. The skill of the model is examined by comparing its output to sea ice thickness data gathered during the last two decades. The first dataset used is the collection of draft measurements conducted by U.S. Navy submarines between 1986 and 1999. The second is electromagnetic (EM) induction ice thickness measurements gathered using a helicopter by the Alfred Wegener Institute in April 2003. Last, model output is compared with data collected by NASA's ICESat program using a laser altimeter mounted on a satellite of the same name. The NPS model indicates an accelerated thinning trend in Arctic sea ice during the last decade. The validation of model output with submarine, EM and ICESat data supports this result. This lends credence to the postulation that the Arctic not only might, but is likely to be ice-free during the summer in the near future. The original document contains color images.