Factors Influencing Ice Conveyance at River Confluences
This report documents preliminary findings concerning ice jam conditions in river confluences, using two laboratory approaches. First is categorizing the different conditions of ice discharge into a confluence based on two general classifications: free drift of ice and movement of contiguous ice acc...
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ftdtic:ADA335571 2023-05-15T16:37:13+02:00 Factors Influencing Ice Conveyance at River Confluences Ettema, Robert Muste, Marian Kruger, Anton Zufelt, Jon COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH 1997-12 text/html http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA335571 http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA335571 en eng http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA335571 APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE DTIC AND NTIS Snow Ice and Permafrost *HYDRAULIC MODELS *ICE BREAKUP *ICE REPORTING ICE FORMATION BATHYMETRY FLOW FIELDS DRIFT CASE STUDIES ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS MISSISSIPPI RIVER MISSOURI RIVER CONFLUENCE PIV(PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY) Text 1997 ftdtic 2016-02-19T21:34:58Z This report documents preliminary findings concerning ice jam conditions in river confluences, using two laboratory approaches. First is categorizing the different conditions of ice discharge into a confluence based on two general classifications: free drift of ice and movement of contiguous ice accumulations. The variables defining ice discharge for the two categories are assembled via dimensional analysis into two consistent sets of nondimensional parameters. The categorization, together with the nondimensional parameters, is used to evaluate ice jam problems at confluences the two most common causes of jams seem to be sluggish water velocities in the outflow channel and local bathymetric features. The second approach examines how confluence geometry and flow processes affect ice discharge for example, the influence on ice discharge of bathymetric features. The approach uses a large hydraulic model of a two channel confluence, which is adaptable to a variety of channels, and particle image velocimetry (PIV) for determining and mapping whole fields of water and ice velocities in a confluence. PIV, which is becoming extensively used, lends itself very well here. This study is the first demonstration of the PIV method for ice movement through a two river confluence. It shows promise. The hydraulic model and PIV method are used in a case study of ice discharge through the confluence of the Missouri and Mississippi rivers, a confluence prone to severe ice jams. Text Ice permafrost Defense Technical Information Center: DTIC Technical Reports database |
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Open Polar |
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Defense Technical Information Center: DTIC Technical Reports database |
op_collection_id |
ftdtic |
language |
English |
topic |
Snow Ice and Permafrost *HYDRAULIC MODELS *ICE BREAKUP *ICE REPORTING ICE FORMATION BATHYMETRY FLOW FIELDS DRIFT CASE STUDIES ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS MISSISSIPPI RIVER MISSOURI RIVER CONFLUENCE PIV(PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY) |
spellingShingle |
Snow Ice and Permafrost *HYDRAULIC MODELS *ICE BREAKUP *ICE REPORTING ICE FORMATION BATHYMETRY FLOW FIELDS DRIFT CASE STUDIES ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS MISSISSIPPI RIVER MISSOURI RIVER CONFLUENCE PIV(PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY) Ettema, Robert Muste, Marian Kruger, Anton Zufelt, Jon Factors Influencing Ice Conveyance at River Confluences |
topic_facet |
Snow Ice and Permafrost *HYDRAULIC MODELS *ICE BREAKUP *ICE REPORTING ICE FORMATION BATHYMETRY FLOW FIELDS DRIFT CASE STUDIES ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS MISSISSIPPI RIVER MISSOURI RIVER CONFLUENCE PIV(PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY) |
description |
This report documents preliminary findings concerning ice jam conditions in river confluences, using two laboratory approaches. First is categorizing the different conditions of ice discharge into a confluence based on two general classifications: free drift of ice and movement of contiguous ice accumulations. The variables defining ice discharge for the two categories are assembled via dimensional analysis into two consistent sets of nondimensional parameters. The categorization, together with the nondimensional parameters, is used to evaluate ice jam problems at confluences the two most common causes of jams seem to be sluggish water velocities in the outflow channel and local bathymetric features. The second approach examines how confluence geometry and flow processes affect ice discharge for example, the influence on ice discharge of bathymetric features. The approach uses a large hydraulic model of a two channel confluence, which is adaptable to a variety of channels, and particle image velocimetry (PIV) for determining and mapping whole fields of water and ice velocities in a confluence. PIV, which is becoming extensively used, lends itself very well here. This study is the first demonstration of the PIV method for ice movement through a two river confluence. It shows promise. The hydraulic model and PIV method are used in a case study of ice discharge through the confluence of the Missouri and Mississippi rivers, a confluence prone to severe ice jams. |
author2 |
COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH |
format |
Text |
author |
Ettema, Robert Muste, Marian Kruger, Anton Zufelt, Jon |
author_facet |
Ettema, Robert Muste, Marian Kruger, Anton Zufelt, Jon |
author_sort |
Ettema, Robert |
title |
Factors Influencing Ice Conveyance at River Confluences |
title_short |
Factors Influencing Ice Conveyance at River Confluences |
title_full |
Factors Influencing Ice Conveyance at River Confluences |
title_fullStr |
Factors Influencing Ice Conveyance at River Confluences |
title_full_unstemmed |
Factors Influencing Ice Conveyance at River Confluences |
title_sort |
factors influencing ice conveyance at river confluences |
publishDate |
1997 |
url |
http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA335571 http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA335571 |
genre |
Ice permafrost |
genre_facet |
Ice permafrost |
op_source |
DTIC AND NTIS |
op_relation |
http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA335571 |
op_rights |
APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE |
_version_ |
1766027519979421696 |