Development and Application of the Mollusc Arctica Islandica as a Paleoceanographic Tool for the North Atlantic Ocean.

The 14C and 180 composition of the annually banded, carbonate shell of the long-lived (+100 years) mollusc Arctica islandica are shown to be practical for reconstructing long term, high-resolution, DIC 14C and bottom temperature time histories for the continental shelves of the northern North Atlant...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Weidman, Christopher R.
Other Authors: MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
Format: Text
Language:English
Published: 1995
Subjects:
Ecology
Inorganic Chemistry
Physical and Dynamic Oceanography
Structural Engineering and Building Technology
*OCEAN SURFACE
*SHELLS(STRUCTURAL FORMS)
*CONTINENTAL SHELVES
*SEA WATER
*OCEANOGRAPHY
*CARBONATES
*PALEOCLIMATOLOGY
CONTROL
ANOMALIES
SOURCES
TEMPERATURE
ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE
TIME
CORRELATION
SEASONAL VARIATIONS
HISTORY
ISOTOPES
MARINE BIOLOGY
PHYSIOLOGY
CLIMATOLOGY
SURFACE TEMPERATURE
HIGH LATITUDES
STRATIFICATION
NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN
DEEP WATER
BOTTOM
ISOTOPE EFFECT
CORAL
RADIOCARBON DATING
ARCTICA ISLANDICA
BOREAL MOLLUSE
BIVALVIA
RADIOCARBON
Nantucket
Arctica islandica
North Atlantic
Online Access:http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA307935
http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA307935
Description
Summary:The 14C and 180 composition of the annually banded, carbonate shell of the long-lived (+100 years) mollusc Arctica islandica are shown to be practical for reconstructing long term, high-resolution, DIC 14C and bottom temperature time histories for the continental shelves of the northern North Atlantic Ocean. However, its I3C composition is shown not to be a good recorder of ambient DIC 13C, and likely is controlled by physiology. Four shell-derived 14C time histories are reconstructed for the high-latitude North Atlantic Ocean. These records show significant spatial and temporal differences in the evolution of surface 14C between subpolar and subtropical regions, which are attributed to regional differences in mixed-layer depth and the presence of deepwater sources. A shell-derived 109-year record (1875-1983) of bottom temperatures has been reconstructed for a location near the former Nantucket Lightship (400N, 690W). The detrended annual temperature anomalies of this record show significant positive correlation with regional bottom, sea surface and air temperature anomalies. However, the shell-derived record describes a century-long cooling (approx. 10C) in contrast to a century-long warming of regional sea surface temperatures of equal magnitude. This long term divergence between surface and bottom conditions is attributed to increased seasonal stratification. Prepared in cooperation with Woods Hole Oceanographic Inst., MA.

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