Species Profiles: Life Histories and Environmental Requirements of Coastal Fishes and Invertebrates (Pacific Northwest), Pacific Oyster

• Main Authors: Pauley, Gilbert B., Van Der Raay, Birgitta, Troutt, David
• Other Authors: WASHINGTON COOPERATIVE FISHERY RESEARCHUNIT SEATTLE
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: 1988
• Subjects: Biology; *ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT; *LIFE(BIOLOGY); *OYSTERS; REQUIREMENTS; TEMPERATURE; OPTIMIZATION; COASTAL REGIONS; ENVIRONMENTS; PRODUCTION; WATER; WATER POLLUTION; SUSPENDED SEDIMENTS; PROFILES; DOCUMENTS; HISTORY; POISONING; ANIMALS; POLLUTANTS; CALIFORNIA; LIFE CYCLES; PACIFIC OCEAN; SALINITY; EGGS; INVERTEBRATES; FEEDING; SEDIMENTS; LARVAE; ADULTS; TAXONOMY; TOXINS AND ANTITOXINS; FISHES; HABITS; BRITISH COLUMBIA; PARALYSIS; SHELLFISH; OREGON; ESTUARIES; BREEDING; WASHINGTON(STATE); Pacific; Pacific oyster
• Online Access: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA203409; http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA203409

Species profiles are literature summaries of the taxonomy, morphology, range, life history, and environmental requirements of coastal aquatic species. These are designed to assist in environmental impact assessments. The Pacific oyster is found in the estuarine waters of California, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia. It is sought both commercially and recreationally. Washington leads all other areas combined with a commercial production of 5.5 million pounds valued at $3.8 million. This is 26% of Washington State's total shellfish production value. These are very prolific animals, releasing up to 70 million eggs per year. Larvae are sensitive to a variety of environmental conditions, primarily temperature and salinity, and to pollutants including sulphite waste liquor. Growth is rapid and most noticeable in the third and fourth years. Along with other shellfish, Pacific oysters may accumulate toxin from Gonyaulax cantenella (responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning), but they lose the toxin more rapidly than other shellfish. Optimum water temperature for adults is 20 C and optimum salinities are above 20 ppt for adults. Ambient temperature is the single most critical item to breeding success in the Pacific Northwest. Keywords: Feeding habits; Sediments; Life cycles; Suspended sediments; Contaminants; Water pollution.