Temporal and Spatial Distributions of Arctic Sea Ice Thickness and Pressure Ridging Statistics.

• Main Authors: Garrett,R P, Bourke,R H
• Other Authors: NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: 1985
• Subjects: Snow; Ice and Permafrost; *SEA ICE; THICKNESS; TIME DEPENDENCE; THESES; OCEANOGRAPHIC DATA; SEASONAL VARIATIONS; STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS; MEAN; HISTOGRAMS; HEIGHT; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; OPEN WATER; ARCTIC REGIONS; RIDGES; ARCTIC OCEAN; *Pressure ridges; Polynyas; Sea ice keels; Sea ice sails; Marginal ice zones; First year ice; Multiyear ice; Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Canadian Archipelago; Ice; permafrost; Sea ice
• Online Access: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA159577; http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA159577

Data from the unclassified literature were reviewed to determine the regional and seasonal distributions of sea ice thickness, pressure ridging statistics, frequency of occurrence of polynyas, and keel/sail height ratios. Seasonal and regional maps and histograms of these properties were constructed. The majority of the data were obtained from submarines equipped with a narrow-beam, upward-looking sonar. As determined from an analysis of 17 submarine cruises, the overall mean thickness of Arctic sea ice above 65 deg N, including both deformed and undeformed ice, is 2.9 m with a standard deviation of 1.8 m. The overall seasonal mean ranges from approximately 2.4 m in spring to 3.3 m in summer. Local mean ice thicknesses ranged from less than 1 m near the marginal ice zone to greater than 7 m to the north of the Canadian Archipelago. Histograms of sea ice thickness reflect a bimodal distribution in winter and spring, an effect of the presence of thin first year ice. Due to ice melt in summer and autumn only a single mode of much thicker multi-year ice is observed. Master's thesis.