Optical/IR Characteristics of Alkali Halide Aerosol Clouds over the Ocean.

• Main Authors: Gathman,S G, Larson,R E
• Other Authors: NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: 1985
• Subjects: Meteorology; Pyrotechnics; Optics; *LIGHT SCATTERING; *AEROSOLS; VELOCITY; OPTICAL RADAR; CLOUDS; EXTINCTION; MEASUREMENT; OPTICAL PROPERTIES; PARTICLE SIZE; POSITION(LOCATION); SHIPS; SIZES(DIMENSIONS); OCEAN SURFACE; DISTRIBUTION; AIR; WIND; ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; LIGHT; PARTICLES; SMOKE; FOG; SAFETY; HALIDES; SHIPBOARD; INSTRUMENTATION; CANOPIES; WIND VELOCITY; RADIOSONDES; INFRARED RADIATION; SURFACE TEMPERATURE; NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN; HAZE; OPTICAL COUNTERMEASURES; NUCLEI; SUN; HYGROSCOPICITY; ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS; AEROSOL GENERATORS; PHOTOMETERS; Salty Dog nuclei; Alkali halide smoke; PE61153N; WUDN880206; Lynch; North Atlantic
• Online Access: http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA158446; http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA158446

Artificial fogs grown on hygroscopic alkali halide (Salty Dog) nuclei were produced over the North Atlantic Ocean using 180 pound pyrotechnic generators deployed from the USNS LYNCH. Canopy Clouds were produced when heat from the burn carried the material aloft, if the relative wind at the ship was small during the burn. Surface clouds wee formed if the burn took place while the ship was in motion relative to the surrounding air. When the wind speed was less than the ship's speed, it was possible to re-enter the surface clouds and make measurements on the size distribution of the aerosol particles. Shipboard instrumentation measured the particle size distributions and light scattering characteristics of those clouds which the ship could enter. The agreement between measured extinction and that calculated form particle size was good. Only remote sensing could be used for canopy clouds, and sun photometer measurements of the light extinction by the canopy clouds were consistent with theoretical estimates of changing particle size distributions. The ship also carried instrumentation to monitor ship position, speed and direction, sea surface and air temperatures at various altitudes, radiosonde equipment, and the NRL eye safe lidar. Originator supplied keywords include: Hygroscopic aerosols; Optical countermeasures; Artificial smoke and haze; Aerosol size distribution; Alkali halide smoke; Pyrotechnically generated clouds.